Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Katsuyuki Takahashi, Ryo Saito, Taichiro Onodera, Koichi Takaki, Hidenori Kitai, Kunihiro Sakamoto
Summary: A compact inductive energy storage pulsed-power generator driven by a novel 13 kV SiC-MOSFET is developed and its switching characteristics are evaluated. The SiC-MOSFET exhibits low on-resistance and rapid large-current cutoff, making it suitable for use as an opening switch. The IES pulsed-power generator shows promising output performance and energy transfer efficiency, indicating the potential for application in compact plasma generation systems driven by semiconductor devices.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Arcanjo, J. Montanya, M. Urbani, V Lorenzo
Summary: This study investigates the strongest optical emissions associated with long laboratory sparks at wavelengths of 337 and 777 nm. Through optical measurements, current signatures, and short-time exposure images, the processes that produce these emissions are characterized to support satellite-based measurements.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bo Lin, Chijie Zhuang
Summary: A new framework is proposed in this paper to accurately and efficiently compute the photoionisation rate in streamer discharges, and the efficiency is further improved with adaptive strategies. The results show that appropriate adaptive strategies greatly reduce the calculation time and maintain high accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xue Wei, Tingshuo Ji, Shouren Zhang, Zhen Xue, Chenfang Lou, Mengyu Zhang, Sijing Zhao, Huili Liu, Xuming Guo, Baocheng Yang, Jian Chen
Summary: Metal organic frameworks with high thermal stability and dual function for both detection and elimination of OH radicals in fuel combustion gas were developed. The ratiometric fluorescence detection method showed a low detection limit and high scavenging efficiency. The technology demonstrated excellent performance in practical applications.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Marek Florkowski
Summary: This study focuses on imaging and simulating positive airborne and surface streamers in the air near a dielectric material, investigating the occurrence of airborne streamers originating from a high-voltage electrode distant from the dielectric surface. The accumulation of charges on a spot of the dielectric material is found to trigger airborne streamer inception after reaching a critical charge density. Experimental and simulation results provide insights into streamer mechanisms and the inception of airborne streamers with charges accumulated on the dielectric surface.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nikolai G. Lehtinen, Robert Marskar
Summary: Electric streamer discharges in the air are crucial stage before lightning, but it is unclear how the parameters of streamers are determined. The Streamer Parameter Model (SPM) was developed to explain this mechanism and efficiently calculate streamer parameters, showing good agreement with experimental data and comparisons with published hydrodynamic simulation results.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhehao Zhang, Baisheng Nie, Ziyang Zhao, Chunchun Zhang
Summary: In this paper, an independently developed high-voltage electrical pulse (HVEP) system is used for fracturing solid rocks. Increasing the voltage from 8 to 14 kV increases the discharge energy and results in cracks in the rock at 14 kV and 150 mu F. The rock-breaking pattern of HVEP is investigated using parameters such as current, strain, and vibration. An increase in voltage leads to an enhanced destructive effect, reflected in the peaks of current, strain, and vibration. Cracks accelerate the decay rate of the vibration curve and increase the rate of variation of the peak strain. Spectrum analysis shows that HVEPs primarily generate low-frequency energy in the range of 0 to 2000 Hz to crack rocks.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu-Cheng Sun, Lan-Fang Pang, Xiao-Feng Guo, Hong Wang
Summary: In this study, a fluorescent probe based on manganese-doped silicon quantum dots (Mn-SiQDs) was designed for detecting and imaging hydroxyl radicals in living cells. The probe showed good water solubility and exhibited superior performance in terms of detection range and detection limit. It was successfully applied to monitor and image endogenous hydroxyl radicals in HeLa cells.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhouxing Zou, Qianjie Chen, Men Xia, Qi Yuan, Yi Chen, Yanan Wang, Enyu Xiong, Zhe Wang, Tao Wang
Summary: In this study, the concentrations of hydroxyl radical (OH) were observed using chemical ionization mass spectrometry in Hong Kong from October to November 2020. The study found that a model overpredicted the OH concentrations for coastal air parcels due to unaccounted-for OH sinks. The missing OH reactivity in coastal air was estimated to be 5.0 ±2.6 s(-1) (lower limit), and it increased with decreasing concentrations of nitrogen-oxide (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
M. Niknezhad, O. Chanrion, J. Holboll, T. Neubert
Summary: Research has shown that during streamer propagation, the electric field remains bounded; the widening of the streamer head leads to a decrease in the electric field at the streamer tip and eventual stagnation.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hidenori Akiyama, Masahiro Akiyama
Summary: This review paper summarizes the phenomena and applications of large-volume pulsed discharge plasmas in water, including the generation, propagation, and measurement of discharges, as well as their applications in sterilization, water treatment, and cancer treatment.
IEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christopher Robertson, Martin J. Paterson
Summary: In this study, two potential energy models were used to investigate the reactive scattering of OH(sigma) + H-2 -> H2O(X) + H. By analyzing the quenching channels and generating velocity map images, the simulated results provided insights into the mechanisms behind some experimental observations.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanhui Sun, Lin Liu, Ming Li, Xiaoxiao Chen, Fei Xu
Summary: Vanillin and vanillic acid are two lignin pyrolysis products generated by biomass combustion. The gas-phase oxidation mechanisms of vanillin and vanillic acid initiated by OH/NO3 radicals were investigated using density functional theory. The primary reactions involve OH/NO3 addition and H-atom abstraction, leading to the formation of various oxidation products. The total rate constants and atmospheric lifetimes of the oxidation processes were calculated, providing valuable information for further experimental research.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jianan Wang, Peter J. Bruggeman
Summary: The measurement of the OH density distribution on a fused silica substrate generated by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet in dry and humid helium is reported. The measured OH diffusive flux varied significantly for different experimental conditions, with a maximum value of 1.7 x 10(15) cm(-2) s(-1).
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Feng Liu, Yue Zhuang, Haijing Chu, Zhi Fang, Wenchun Wang
Summary: In this paper, the production of OH radicals by needle-plate negative DC discharge in different gas environments was investigated using a laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) system. The effects of discharge current and gas pressure on the production and quenching processes of OH radicals were studied. The results contribute to the optimization of plasma reactivity and the establishment of a molecule reaction dynamics model.
PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caitlin F. Stewart, Rachael M. Tomb, Heather J. Ralston, Jack Armstrong, John G. Anderson, Scott J. MacGregor, Chintamani D. Atreya, Michelle Maclean
Summary: This study demonstrates that the use of 405-nm light can effectively and safely inactivate bacteria in ex vivo stored blood plasma, while preserving protein integrity. These findings highlight the potential of 405-nm light for improving blood safety and reducing transfusion-transmitted infections.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Viswanath Ragupathy, Mohan Haleyurgirisetty, Neetu Dahiya, Caitlin Stewart, John Anderson, Scott MacGregor, Michelle Maclean, Indira Hewlett, Chintamani Atreya
Summary: Despite advances in ensuring blood supply safety, there is still a risk of transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) from emerging infections. New pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs) using violet-blue light at 405 nm have shown promise in effectively inactivating pathogens in blood, including bacteria, parasites, and viruses.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Timothy Wong, Igor Timoshkin, Scott MacGregor, Mark Wilson, Martin Given
Summary: This article presents a theoretical analysis of composite electrical insulation made up of layered dielectric materials and subjected to impulsive energization. Analytical solutions have been derived for the time-dependent electric field inside each layer. The model is useful for designing and coordinating functionally graded materials and composite insulation for high-voltage systems under fast-rising impulsive conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucy G. Sinclair, Zornitsa Ilieva, Georgina Morris, John G. Anderson, Scott J. MacGregor, Michelle Maclean
Summary: This study investigates the efficacy of a low irradiance 405-nm light environmental decontamination system for the inactivation of bacteriophage phi6 as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2. Complete/near-complete inactivation was demonstrated in all cases, with significantly enhanced reductions observed in biologically relevant media. The findings establish the efficacy of low irradiance 405-nm light systems for inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate and demonstrate the significant enhancement in susceptibility when suspended in saliva, which is a major vector in COVID-19 transmission.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Informatics
Lucy G. Sinclair, Laura R. Dougall, Zornitsa Ilieva, Karen McKenzie, John G. Anderson, Scott J. MacGregor, Michelle Maclean
Summary: This study characterizes the optical output and antibacterial efficacy of a low irradiance 405nm light system for environmental decontamination. The results show that this system has significant inactivation effect on bacteria under laboratory conditions. It has the potential for practical application in infection control.
HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
T. Wong, I. Timoshkin, S. MacGregor, M. Wilson, M. Given
Summary: This article gives a comprehensive introduction to dielectric interfaces, discussing various technologies involving them, presenting the basic theoretical treatment of interfacial phenomena, and briefly mentioning interfacial breakdown.
IEEE ELECTRICAL INSULATION MAGAZINE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tian Tan, Wah Hoon Siew, Lu Han, Martin Given, Christina McKendry, John Liggat, Qi Li, Jinliang He
Summary: In this work, an insulating robust self-healing polyurethane (PU) with a shape memory effect was designed and implemented, utilizing a microphase-separating structure. The PU can provide high dielectric strength through its hard segments (HSs) and achieve self-healing through its soft segments (SSs) with high flowability. Observations from three-dimensional computed micro-X-ray tomography and optical microscopy showed that the PU can fully heal the damaged area under moderate thermal stimulation while restoring its electrical performance.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Timothy Wong, Igor Timoshkin, Scott MacGregor, Mark Wilson, Martin Given
Summary: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in interest and development of nonthermal plasma technologies. These technologies have found applications in various fields such as plasma medicine, chemical processing, pollution control, and surface treatment. This article presents the development of the StrAFE package, a Python library designed to simplify and automate the solution of ionization front models. The results obtained from this open-source framework are comparable to other established software, demonstrating the potential of open-source software in the field of nonthermal plasmas.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Ting Liu, Igor Timoshkin, Mark P. Wilson, Martin J. Given, Scott J. MacGregor
Summary: This paper investigates the breakdown characteristics of gases present in the atmosphere (air, N-2, and CO2) during the rising edge of HV impulses. Experimental results were obtained by applying sub-microsecond impulses with rise times up to 50 ns to a 100 μm gap between an HV needle and ground electrode. The scaling relationships between the reduced breakdown field and gas number density and inter-electrode gap were obtained for a wide range of gas densities.
