期刊
WATER RESEARCH
卷 129, 期 -, 页码 394-401出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.027
关键词
Capacitive deionization; Energy consumption; Kinetic efficiency; Tradeoff; System optimization; Performance evaluation
资金
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) through the Ralph E. Powey Faculty Enhancement Award
- US Environmental Protection Agency through the EPA-P3 Grant [SU836777]
- EPA [909809, SU836777] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
Significant progress has been made over recent years in capacitive deionization (CDI) to develop novel system configurations, predictive theoretical models, and high-performance electrode materials. To bring CDI to large scale practical applications, it is important to quantitatively understand the intrinsic tradeoff between kinetic and energetic efficiencies, or the relationship between energy consumption and the mass transfer rate. In this study, we employed both experimental and modeling approaches to systematically investigate the tradeoff between kinetic and energetic efficiencies in membrane CDI (MCDI). Specifically, we assessed the relationship between the average salt adsorption rate and specific energy consumptions from MCDI experiments with different applied current densities but a constant effluent salinity. We investigated the impacts of feed salinity, diluted water salinity, diluted water volume per charging cycle, and electrode materials on the kinetics-energetics tradeoff. We also demonstrate how this tradeoff can be employed to optimize the design and operation of CDI systems and compare the performance of different electrode materials and CDI systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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