Article
Energy & Fuels
Xinyu Pan, Xing Ju, Mengdi Yuan, Chao Xu, Xiaoze Du
Summary: Spectral beam splitting (SBS) improves photovoltaic thermal (PVT) performance, but the detailed loss mechanism in solar cells with varying spectrum is unclear. This paper establishes an optical-electrical-thermal (OET) model to clarify the light-caused interactions within solar cells. By analyzing a hetero-junction GaAs solar cell, the OET analysis shows energy losses converting to heat, leading to decreased electricity and increased temperature. The model provides insights into energy investigation and optimization for SBS applications.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yue Hu, Luobin Zhang, Hanting Zhang, Hui Lv, Cheng Xu
Summary: A spectral-splitting hybrid PV-thermal system integrated with LiBr/H2O absorption heat transformer is proposed to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy. Through parameter optimization, the system's energy efficiency can be enhanced. Solar cells are identified as the main contributor to exergy losses in the system.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marcelo Rodrigues Fernandes, Laura A. Schaefer
Summary: Renewable energy power production has made significant advancements in the United States over the past decade, with hybrid photovoltaic-thermal systems based on nanofluid spectral-splitting garnering attention from the scientific community. This study developed an optimization routine to select the best particle parameters and provided insights on factors affecting the use of nanofluid solutions as optical filters for photovoltaic-thermal systems.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Chao Shen, Yingbo Zhang, Jihong Pu
Summary: The building-integrated solar energy system is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality in the building sector. This study proposes a novel spectral splitting PV/T system that utilizes silver nanofluids on PV modules to adapt to changing outdoor conditions, enabling flexible heat and electricity harvesting.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qi Shi, Bifen Shu, Jingxiang Jiang, Yuqi Zhang
Summary: In the process of high-concentration photovoltaic power generation, non-uniformity of focusing, spectral mismatch, and rising cell temperature are key factors affecting the performance of multijunction solar cells. Optimization of the cell's placement along the optical axis can alleviate these negative effects and improve the output performance of the cell.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kegui Lu, Qiongwan Yu, Bin Zhao, Gang Pei
Summary: A new PV/T system is proposed based on spectral beam splitting and serial thermal circuit to decouple power generation and heat collection, resulting in higher outlet water temperature and lower solar cell temperature, leading to a comprehensive efficiency improvement of 17.9% compared to traditional PV/T systems.
Article
Thermodynamics
Farideh Yazdanifard, Mehran Ameri, Robert Taylor
Summary: The study shows that the configuration with nanofluid channel at the top of the nano-enhanced phase change material performs well in all aspects of energy, exergy, and energy storage. The optimal volume fractions for Ag and Au were found to be lower than 0.3 x 10-5 and 0.2 x 10-5, respectively, for best system performance under assumed geometric and operational conditions. At the optimal mass flow rate of 0.005 kg s-1 for the nanofluid, this design achieved a maximum exergetic efficiency of 24% for a concentration ratio of 30.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ershuai Yin, Qiang Li
Summary: A concept of high-efficiency dynamic lossless coupling of the spectrum splitting photovoltaic-thermoelectric (SSPV-TE) system is proposed in this paper. A novel electrical-thermal co-design method is provided to achieve this high-efficiency dynamic lossless coupling. The results demonstrate that the series system achieves the same average power and efficiency as the electrically separated system, indicating the achievement of high-efficiency dynamic lossless coupling.
Article
Thermodynamics
Gaoming Zhang, Jinjia Wei, Liang Zhang, Chengsi Xi, Rui Ding, Zexin Wang, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effects of different truncation positions of a new EMR concentrator on the optical performance and energy efficiencies of CPV/T systems. The results show that optical efficiency increases with a decrease in truncation position, while irradiance and PV temperature distribution exhibit variations. The EMR concentrator with a height of 543 mm demonstrates the best performance, with energy efficiencies of 12.45% and an overall exergy efficiency of 15.86% in the CPV/T system, outperforming traditional PV systems.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shuang-Ying Wu, Shu-Zhen Duan, Lan Xiao
Summary: This study numerically investigates the influence of the vertical position of the linear Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) system on the thermal, electrical, and structural characteristics of the PV panel under natural convection conditions. The results show that the concentrator position has little effect on the flow and temperature fields, but has a significant impact on the thermal and structural characteristics of the PV panel.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zuoxu Wu, Jian Wang, Shuaihang Hou, Li Yin, Youwei Qiao, Zunqian Tang, Shengnan Zhang, Jun Mao, Xingjun Liu, Qian Zhang, Feng Cao
Summary: Integrating PV perovskite solar cells and PT collectors into a hybrid PVT system can improve conversion efficiency by salvaging near-infrared energy. A 1D photonic crystal of Si/GeO2 is used to construct a spectrally selective PV-PT splitter that selectively reflects solar energy in the PV band while absorbing the rest. The hybrid PVT design with the Si/GeO2 spectral splitter/absorber and a perovskite solar cell achieves a higher solar-to-electrical efficiency of 29.3% compared to a single PSC of 24.6%.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xinyue Han, Xiaobo Zhao, Ju Huang, Jian Qu
Summary: In this study, an optical model based on Mie scattering theory and Lambert Beer law was developed to identify the best nanofluid parameters for Si and GaAs solar cells. The research found that adjusting the optical path-length is an effective way to regulate the optical properties.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Gan Huang, Kai Wang, Sara Riera Curt, Benjamin Franchetti, Ioannis Pesmazoglou, Christos N. Markides
Summary: A new type of PV-thermal collector has been developed, which can achieve high energy conversion efficiency and improve the electrical and thermal performance of the module through optimized optical filters. By adjusting the wavelength of the optical filter, the proportion of high-temperature heat and electricity can be flexibly controlled.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ju Huang, Xinyue Han, Xiaobo Zhao, Azhar Abbas Khosa, Chunfeng Meng
Summary: In this study, a nanofluid filter based on propylene glycol and Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles was fabricated for photovoltaic/thermal systems. The stability and optical characteristics of the filter were assessed, and the optimized nanofluid parameters were determined for efficient filtering of Si and GaAs solar cells. The results showed that the nanofluid filter retained its optical properties under various conditions. The combination of the optimized nanofluids with Si cells achieved a higher value of merit function compared to literature values.
Article
Thermodynamics
Shen Liang, Hongfei Zheng, Shuli Liu, Xinglong Ma
Summary: This paper introduces a solar concentrating photovoltaic-thermal module designed for building louvers, which combines a specially designed concentrating blade with a PV-T module to provide electricity and heat in building vertical spaces. The concentrating blade operates under solar incident angles of 0-90 degrees, with a high-efficiency photovoltaic-thermal working range of 20-70 degrees. Optical simulations show that the maximum geometrical concentration ratio is 2.96 at an incident angle of 20 degrees, and remains above 2 over a wide range of incident angles between 12.5 degrees and 52.5 degrees. Experiment results demonstrate that the CPV-T module can achieve an overall efficiency above 55% for nearly 5 hours without tracking during all-day experiments.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pingyang Sun, Yingqi Wang, Muhammad Khalid, Ramon Blasco-Gimenez, Georgios Konstantinou
Summary: This paper proposes a method for deriving steady-state power distribution in voltage source converter (VSC) based multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) systems and dc grids under mixed P/V and I/V droop control. The method estimates power distributions under different scenarios by considering converter overload and provides a strategy to avoid violation of power limits after converter outage. The accuracy of the method is validated through multiple scenarios in a modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based four-terminal dc grid, and it is shown to have advantages over other approaches in the current literature.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammed Alqahtani, Ponnusamy Marimuthu, Veerasamy Moorthy, B. Pangedaiah, Ch. Rami Reddy, M. Kiran Kumar, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: This paper presents a computational procedure utilizing a novel gray wolf optimization algorithm to determine the optimal distribution of network reconfiguration. The aim is to minimize system power loss, improve the voltage profile, and meet operating constraints under different conditions. The proposed method effectively handles constraint breaches and obtains high-quality solutions in a shorter time. Experimental results using the 33-bus and 69-bus systems demonstrate the efficacy of the GWO algorithm compared to other popular optimization techniques for solving distribution network reconfiguration problems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Miswar Akhtar Syed, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: This study introduces a solar-wind power and battery state of charge control technique using a hydrogen electrolyzer fuel cell unit. By utilizing an Intelligent Model Predictive Controller and a neural network plant model, it achieves stable PV-wind power supply with regulated battery energy storage system charging and discharging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Majid Gulzar, Daud Sibtain, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: The rapid utilization of electricity demands stable operation of the power system. A novel control design called CFMPC-FOPID is proposed to handle load frequency control in an efficient manner. The controller is optimized using a sooty tern optimization algorithm. It is successfully tested in a multiarea hybrid power system with renewable energy sources and varying load scenarios, outperforming other techniques in terms of stabilizing time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ijaz Ahmed, Abdul Basit, Faizan Mustafa, Mohammed Alqahtani, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: This paper analyzes key control mechanisms in energy utility networks, focusing on the auxiliary control category. It examines the benefits and drawbacks of different approaches and explores information interchange architectures. The study emphasizes the importance of auxiliary control in ensuring reliable utility infrastructure operation and highlights the lack of comprehensive scholarly references.
IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Ali, Atif Iqbal, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art MC technology and its prospects, including the advancements in topological structures, modulation and control algorithms, and multiphase structures. It aims to provide comprehensive information on MC technology's current industrial applications and the research scope as the world moves towards AI and digitalization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Muhammad Majid Gulzar, Huma Tehreem, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: The lack of control in voltage overshoots, transient response, and steady-state error in a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system can have negative impacts on battery storage and other grid components. An AI optimization technique is proposed to improve the efficiency of the overall power system by determining the optimal sliding mode controller (SMC) gain. The proposed control strategy utilizes a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to optimize the SMC gains used in perturb and observe (P & O) algorithms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muaiz Ali, Mohamed A. A. Abdulgalil, Ibrahim Habiballah, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: A new method has been developed to minimize the operating cost in microgrids integrated with renewables and energy storage systems (ESSs) through demand response. By shifting some of the load from high-price periods to low-price periods, the operating cost is reduced for operators and bill prices decrease for consumers. The optimization problem is solved using mixed integer quadratically constrained programming (MIQCP) in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) with the CPLEX solver.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Majid Gulzar, Sumbal Gardezi, Daud Sibtain, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: The research presents a discrete-time model of a hybrid power system consisting of a photovoltaic system, wind energy system, fuel cell, and battery energy storage system. The fuzzy tuned fractional-order proportional derivative controller is used for load frequency control, with automatic tuning of the controller's gains based on fuzzy logic. A diesel generator acts as a synchronous condenser to provide Reactive Power Balance and voltage stability, while the proposed control scheme minimizes frequency oscillation and achieves minimum steady-state error under dynamic load conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sareddy Venkata Rami Reddy, T. R. Premila, Ch. Rami Reddy, Muhammad Majid Gulzar, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: In this article, a novel passive islanding detection strategy for a hybrid distributed generation system is developed using variational mode decomposition (VMD). The strategy evaluates the ripple content of the voltage signal at the point of common coupling (PCC) and decomposes the input voltage signal into its individual modes or intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The upper envelope of the first mode's IMF is used for island detection. The suggested approach shows reliable separation of the islanding event from other events and can identify islanding in about 0.15 s even without power imbalance. It has been tested in various operational scenarios and proved effective in non-island situations, making it an easy-to-implement solution for different types of distributed generation connected to the utility grid.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mohammad Ali, Mohammad Tayyab, Adil Sarwar, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: Switched-Capacitor multilevel inverters (SCMLI) can generate a 13-level waveform with only fourteen switches, two diodes, and four capacitors, using a single source. The voltage across the capacitors is maintained by connecting the DC source and capacitors in parallel at different time locations. This new topology is compared with other 13-level topologies in terms of switches, diodes, capacitors, and cost factors. Experimental validation on a hardware prototype confirms its performance under various operational conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mahboob Hassan, Mohammad Ali, Mohammad Tayyab, Adil Sarwar, Mohd Tariq, Mohammad A. Abido, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: This study proposes a single-phase boosting nine-level inverter which utilizes a DC-source and three capacitors, and it is verified for steady and transient load conditions. It also introduces a novel harmonic elimination-based-nearest level modulation scheme to eliminate undesired low-order harmonics from the output voltage waveform. The merits of this topology, including simplified control, lower power loss, reduced total voltage stress, and enhanced voltage gain, are discussed in comparison with other 9-level inverters.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Zaid, Shahrukh Khan, Arshad Mahmood, Mohammad Ali, Adil Sarwar, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: The proposed high gain DC-DC converter in this paper has advantages of high voltage gain, common ground structure, and low ripple continuous input current. Its gain and efficiency have been calculated and verified in non-ideal conditions. Experimental results show that the converter functions effectively in open-loop conditions and produces significant voltage gain at lower duty cycles.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peng Lu, Shuo Xiang, Shihai Xu, Haokang Chen, Haokang Wang, Jian Wang, Gaoming Zhang
Summary: MoS2 nanosheets with different sizes were prepared and used as additives in lithium grease. The morphology, composition, and structure of the nanosheets were characterized and the tribological properties of the grease were investigated. The results showed that MoS2 nanosheets exhibited excellent wear resistance and friction reduction performance. The improvement in tribological properties was attributed to the formation of a protective film composed of various oxides of Fe, FeOOH, MoS2, and related organic matter.
CAILIAO GONGCHENG-JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Majid Gulzar, Ayesha Iqbal, Daud Sibtain, Muhammad Khalid
Summary: The proposed work presents a hybrid grid connected system incorporating wind, PV, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), Fuel Cell (FC), and Electrolyzer. The system eliminates the need for a PV converter, improving cost efficiency. Controllers are designed for the renewable distributed generator (Wind and PV), BESS, FC, and Electrolyzer. The energy management scheme ensures steady power flow and service continuity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Siddharth Sradhasagar, Omkar Subhasish Khuntia, Srikanta Biswal, Sougat Purohit, Amritendu Roy
Summary: In this study, machine learning models were developed to predict the bandgap and its character of double perovskite materials, with LGBMRegressor and XGBClassifier models identified as the best predictors. These models were further employed to predict the bandgap of novel bismuth-based transition metal oxide double perovskites, showing high accuracy, especially in the range of 1.2-1.8 eV.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Shuai, Haoran Xu, Baoyang Luo, Yihui Huang, Dong Chen, Peiwang Zhu, Gang Xiao
Summary: In this study, a hybrid model based on numerical simulation and deep learning is proposed for the optimization and operation of solar receivers. By applying the model to different application scenarios and considering multiple performance objectives, small errors are achieved and optimal structure parameters and heliostat scales are identified. This approach is not only applicable to gas turbines but also heating systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mubashar Ali, Zunaira Bibi, M. W. Younis, Muhammad Mubashir, Muqaddas Iqbal, Muhammad Usman Ali, Muhammad Asif Iqbal
Summary: This study investigates the structural, mechanical, and optoelectronic properties of the BaCuF3 fluoroperovskite using the first-principles modelling approach. The stability and characteristics of different cubic structures of BaCuF3 are evaluated, and the alpha-BaCuF3 and beta-BaCuF3 compounds are found to be mechanically stable with favorable optical properties for solar cells and high-frequency UV applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dong Le Khac, Shahariar Chowdhury, Asmaa Soheil Najm, Montri Luengchavanon, Araa mebdir Holi, Mohammad Shah Jamal, Chin Hua Chia, Kuaanan Techato, Vidhya Selvanathan
Summary: A novel recycling system is proposed in this study to decompose and reclaim the constituent materials of organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By utilizing a one-step solution process extraction approach, the chemical composition of each layer is successfully preserved, enabling their potential reuse. The proposed recycling technique helps mitigate pollution risks, minimize waste generation, and reduce recycling costs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peijie Lin, Feng Guo, Xiaoyang Lu, Qianying Zheng, Shuying Cheng, Yaohai Lin, Zhicong Chen, Lijun Wu, Zhuang Qian
Summary: This paper proposes an open-set fault diagnosis model for PV arrays based on 1D VoVNet-SVDD. The model accurately diagnoses various types of faults and is capable of identifying unknown fault types.