Article
Infectious Diseases
Yinfa Zhou, Tao Li, Shufang Lin, Daiquan Chen, Yongcheng Du, Jiangfeng Chen, Kun Chen, Zhisong Dai
Summary: This observational study investigated the epidemiological characteristics, treatment outcomes, and associated factors of HIV-positive TB patients in Southeast China. The study found a significant increase in the proportion of HIV-positive cases among all TB cases from 2012 to 2021. The majority of patients were male, non-local household registers, and farmers or workers, with ages ranging from 40 to 59. Non-local registration and HIV infection after TB diagnosis were identified as independent risk factors for unsuccessful outcomes.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Joshua DeVos, Kimberly McCarthy, Victor Sewe, Grace Akinyi, Muthoni Junghae, Valarie Opollo, Janin Nouhin, Robert Shafer, Clement Zeh, Artur Ramos, Heather Alexander, Joy Chang
Summary: This article presents a HIV drug resistance monitoring method that utilizes Sanger sequencing technology to detect mutations in the HIV virus. The assay is effective for both plasma and dried blood spot samples, and has high accuracy and sensitivity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Leonardo Martinez, Henok Woldu, Cheng Chen, Benjamin D. Hallowell, Maria Eugenia Castellanos, Peng Lu, Qiao Liu, Christopher C. Whalen, Limei Zhu
Summary: Studies suggest that tuberculosis patients coinfected with HIV are less infectious and have lower rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among contacts, but contacts of coinfected cases are significantly more likely to be HIV positive.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Anna K. Person, Brenda Crabtree-Ramirez, Ahra Kim, Valdilea Veloso, Fernanda Maruri, Gilles Wandeler, Matthew Fox, Richard Moore, M. John Gill, Darma Imran, Kinh Van Nguyen, Elizabeth Nalitya, Winnie Muyindike, Bryan E. Shepherd, Catherine C. McGowan
Summary: In this study, it was found that mortality due to cryptococcal meningitis (CM) was high among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), and a substantial number of CM cases occurred after ART initiation. Access to recommended CM diagnostic and treatment modalities was limited in many sites.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Md Asiful Islam, Shoumik Kundu, Tengku Muhammad Hanis, Khalid Hajissa, Kamarul Imran Musa
Summary: This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of articles on antibiotic-resistant active pulmonary TB over the past 25 years. The results show that researchers and funders from the USA dominate in this field, followed by the UK. It is recommended to collaborate with low- and middle-income countries with high TB burden to enhance the productivity and translational impact of antibiotic-resistant TB research.
Article
Microbiology
Steven A. Kemp, Oscar J. Charles, Anne Derache, Werner Smidt, Darren P. Martin, Collins Iwuji, John Adamson, Katya Govender, Tulio de Oliveira, Francois Dabis, Deenan Pillay, Richard A. Goldstein, Ravindra K. Gupta
Summary: This study analyzed the whole-genome sequences of chronically infected HIV-1-positive individuals failing 2nd-line regimens under non-suppressive antiretroviral therapy. The findings revealed dramatic changes in virus population structure and highlighted viral diversification, recombination, and haplotype competition during non-suppressive ART.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Raquel Martin-Iguacel, Josep M. Llibre, Court Pedersen, Niels Obel, Nina Breinholt Staerke, Johanna Ahsberg, Iben Orsted, Inge Holden, Gitte Kronborg, Rajesh Mohey, Line Dahlerup Rasmussen, Isik Somuncu Johansen
Summary: The study found that TB incidence rates decreased over time in Danish PLWH, but the mortality rate remained high. Late HIV presentation with concomitant TB remains a challenge, emphasizing the importance of early treatment and successful antiretroviral therapy.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chen Liu, Jae Hyoung Lee, Amanda J. Gupta, Austin Tucker, Chris Larkin, Patricia Turimumahoro, Achilles Katamba, J. Lucian Davis, David Dowdy
Summary: Human-centred design (HCD) is a problem-solving approach used to develop global health interventions. The cost-effectiveness of HCD depends on the number of clients reached and the trade-off between HCD costs and intervention delivery costs.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Camilla Muccini, Diana Canetti, Antonella Castagna, Vincenzo Spagnuolo
Summary: HTE-PLWH is a high-risk population with limited treatment options. Fostemsavir, the first attachment inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 infection in HTE-PLWH. This review discusses its mechanism of action, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and efficacy and safety.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
H. K. Musonda, P. C. Rose, J. Switala, H. S. Schaaf
Summary: This study describes the reasons for admission, patient profiles, and hospital-discharge outcomes in children admitted to Brooklyn Chest Hospital. The study found that while most children were admitted for clinical reasons, social/caregiver-related reasons were also important.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Huan Xia, Juan Jin, Huanhuan Ba, Yuan Zhang, Jiajia Li, Rui Guo, Ying Li, Ping Ma, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of HIV-1 genotypes and the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 infected individuals in Xi'an, China. The most prevalent HIV-1 genotype was CRF07_BC, and the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance was 18.3%, with higher resistance observed in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) compared to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and protease inhibitors. The study highlights the importance of screening for baseline drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Youbao Zhao, Leixin Ye, Fujie Zhao, Lanyue Zhang, Zhenguo Lu, Tianxin Chu, Siyu Wang, Zhanxiang Liu, Yukai Sun, Min Chen, Guojian Liao, Chen Ding, Yingchun Xu, Wanqing Liao, Linqi Wang
Summary: The study reviews progress made in the past two decades on Cryptococcus neoformans, the highest-ranked fungal pathogen in the World Health Organization's Fungal Priority Pathogens List. It examines its global burden, clinical manifestation and management, and antifungal resistance. The purpose of the study is to drive research efforts to improve future diagnoses, therapies, and interventions associated with fungal infections.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Robindra Basu Roy, Sabrina Bakeera-Kitaka, Chishala Chabala, Diana M. Gibb, Julie Huynh, Hilda Mujuru, Naveen Sankhyan, James A. Seddon, Suvasini Sharma, Varinder Singh, Eric Wobudeya, Suzanne T. Anderson
Summary: Children affected by tuberculous meningitis have complex needs that may not be fully addressed within current tuberculosis and meningitis programs. By applying the five pillars outlined in the global roadmap, specific goals and activities can be implemented to defeat TBM in children. Integration between meningitis and TB programs at both the WHO and national levels is crucial for addressing these needs effectively.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jing Tong, Mengqiu Gao, Yu Chen, Jie Wang
Summary: This case report describes a 14-year-old girl with miliary pulmonary tuberculosis and extensively drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The final diagnosis was pre-extensive drug-resistant TBM. After individualized antituberculosis treatment, the patient recovered with no significant neurological sequelae.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sean Wasserman, Angharad Davis, Cari Stek, Maxwell Chirehwa, Stephani Botha, Remy Daroowala, Marise Bremer, Mpumi Maxebengula, Sonya Koekemoer, Rene Goliath, Amanda Jackson, Thomas Crede, Jonathan Naude, Patryk Szymanski, Yakoob Vallie, Muhammed S. Moosa, Lubbe Wiesner, John Black, Graeme Meintjes, Gary Maartens, Robert J. Wilkinson
Summary: The plasma rifampicin AUC(0-24) was higher after an oral 35-mg/kg dose than with intravenous administration at a 20-mg/kg dose over the first few days of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. The findings support oral rifampicin dosing in future tuberculous meningitis trials.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
V. Mave, D. Kadam, S. Gaikwad, A. Kinikar, D. Aguilar, A. Chavan, M. Paradkar, S. V. B. Yogendra, R. Bharadwaj, A. Kagal, N. Suryavanshi, J. Golub, V. Kulkarni, K. E. Dooley, A. Gupta, P. Bacchetti, R. Gerona, N. Gupte, M. Gandhi
Summary: This study found that higher acetyl-INH concentrations in hair samples from TB patients were associated with a lower risk of TB treatment failure, suggesting the potential utility of hair assays in predicting and optimizing TB treatment outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
A. T. Podany, J. Leon-Cruz, J. Hakim, K. Supparatpinyo, A. Omoz-Oarhe, D. Langat, N. Mwelase, C. Kanyama, A. Gupta, C. A. Benson, R. E. Chaisson, S. Swindells, C. Fletcher
Summary: The study found that the clearance of nevirapine significantly increased when used concomitantly with rifapentine and isoniazid, leading to a decrease in nevirapine trough concentrations, indicating induction of nevirapine metabolism by rifapentine. It is suggested that daily rifapentine and isoniazid for TB prevention should not be co-administered with nevirapine-containing ART.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shilpa Naik, Mallika Alexander, Pavan Kumar, Vandana Kulkarni, Prasad Deshpande, Su Yadana, Cheng-Shiun Leu, Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Bruno B. Andrade, Ramesh Bhosale, Subash Babu, Amita Gupta, Jyoti S. Mathad, Rupak Shivakoti
Summary: This study investigated the differences in systemic inflammation markers between pregnant women with and without latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), revealing a distinct immune profile in LTBI+ pregnant women. Interestingly, the study suggests a negative association between this immune profile and tuberculosis progression, which could potentially help target high-risk pregnant women for preventative therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shannon Wongvibulsin, Brian T. Garibaldi, Annukka A. R. Antar, Jiyang Wen, Mei-Cheng Wang, Amita Gupta, Robert Bollinger, Yanxun Xu, Kunbo Wang, Joshua F. Betz, John Muschelli, Karen Bandeen-Roche, Scott L. Zeger, Matthew L. Robinson
Summary: The study developed a novel tool called SCARP to provide dynamic risk predictions for progression from moderate to severe COVID-19 or death within the first 14 days of hospitalization. Results showed that the tool could rapidly and accurately predict the progression of patients' conditions.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Rupak Shivakoti, John W. Newman, Luke Elizabeth Hanna, Artur T. L. Queiroz, Kamil Borkowski, Akshay N. Gupte, Mandar Paradkar, Pattabiraman Satyamurthi, Vandana Kulkarni, Murugesh Selva, Neeta Pradhan, Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra Shivakumar, Saravanan Natarajan, Ramesh Karunaianantham, Nikhil Gupte, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Oliver Fiehn, Renu Bharadwaj, Anju Kagal, Sanjay Gaikwad, Shashikala Sangle, Jonathan E. Golub, Bruno B. Andrade, Vidya Mave, Amita Gupta, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini
Summary: This study investigated the association between host lipids and treatment failure in tuberculosis (TB) using unbiased lipidomics. The results showed that treatment failure was associated with lower levels of cholesteryl esters and oxylipin, and higher levels of ceramides and triglycerides at the baseline. A lipid signature with predictive accuracy for TB treatment failure was also identified.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sonya Krishnan, Artur T. L. Queiroz, Amita Gupta, Nikhil Gupte, Gregory P. Bisson, Johnstone Kumwenda, Kogieleum Naidoo, Lerato Mohapi, Vidya Mave, Rosie Mngqibisa, Javier R. Lama, Mina C. Hosseinipour, Bruno B. Andrade, Petros C. Karakousis
Summary: Novel high-throughput approaches may improve the recognition of tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals, especially in those with severely suppressed immune systems.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Eileen P. Scully, Grant Schumock, Martina Fu, Guido Massaccesi, John Muschelli, Joshua Betz, Eili Y. Klein, Natalie E. West, Matthew Robinson, Brian T. Garibaldi, Karen Bandeen-Roche, Scott Zeger, Sabra L. Klein, Amita Gupta
Summary: Male patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at higher risk of severe outcomes and death, particularly among younger males. The main difference lies in clinical inflammatory markers, with male sex being associated with higher risk of severe disease. Other demographic, presentation, comorbidity, and health behavior differences did not affect the association between male sex and severe disease.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jeffrey A. Tornheim, Mandar Paradkar, Henry Zhao, Vandana Kulkarni, Neeta Pradhan, Aarti Kinikar, Anju Kagal, Nikhil Gupte, Vidya Mave, Amita Gupta, Petros C. Karakousis
Summary: This study evaluated potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment response of pediatric tuberculosis (TB). The results showed that plasma kynurenine and the K/T ratio may be promising biomarkers for pediatric TB. Further studies in geographically diverse populations are needed to determine the optimal use of these biomarkers worldwide.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Julia Johnson, Asad Latif, Bharat Randive, Abhay Kadam, Uday Rajput, Aarti Kinikar, Nandini Malshe, Sanjay Lalwani, Tushar B. Parikh, Umesh Vaidya, Sudhir Malwade, Sharad Agarkhedkar, Melanie S. Curless, Susan E. Coffin, Rachel M. Smith, Matthew Westercamp, Elizabeth Colantuoni, Matthew L. Robinson, Vidya Mave, Amita Gupta, Yukari C. Manabe, Aaron M. Milstone
Summary: CUSP implementation in four NICUs in India improved hand hygiene compliance, successful implementation of a central line insertion checklist, and patient safety culture. This multimodal strategy shows promise in reducing healthcare-associated infection risk in neonates in low- and middle-income countries.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mehr Shafiq, Jyoti S. Mathad, Shilpa Naik, Mallika Alexander, Su Yadana, Mariana Araujo-Pereira, Vandana Kulkarni, Prasad Deshpande, Nathella Pavan Kumar, Subash Babu, Bruno B. Andrade, Cheng-Shiun Leu, Saltanat Khwaja, Ramesh Bhosale, Aarti Kinikar, Amita Gupta, Rupak Shivakoti
Summary: Elevated levels of certain inflammatory markers during pregnancy are associated with adverse birth outcomes and infant growth deficits. Future studies should investigate potential interventions targeting specific inflammatory pathways during pregnancy to improve birth outcomes and infant growth.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Jyoti S. Mathad, Artur T. L. Queiroz, Ramesh Bhosale, Mallika Alexander, Shilpa Naik, Vandana Kulkarni, Bruno B. Andrade, Amita Gupta
Summary: A new diagnostic cartridge assay for tuberculosis was found to be ineffective in diagnosing maternal TB disease in India. However, in a cohort of pregnant women, researchers identified a novel gene set for TB diagnosis and another set for predicting disease progression.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Amita Gupta, Michael D. Hughes, Jorge Leon Cruz, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Noluthando Mwelase, Patrice Severe, Ayotunde Omoz-Oarhe, Gaerolwe Masheto, Laura Moran, Constance A. Benson, Richard E. Chaisson, Susan Swindells
Summary: This study found that first-trimester exposure to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) was associated with a nearly two-fold increased risk of fetal demise, mostly spontaneous abortion. However, this association was attenuated when adjusted for factors related to the pregnancy outcome.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Parastu Kasaie, Jeff Pennington, Amita Gupta, David W. Dowdy, Emily A. Kendall
Summary: This study developed an agent-based model to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of TPT for household contacts of MDR/RR-TB patients. The results showed that TPT has a significant impact in preventing MDR/RR-TB, with greater effects than suggested by clinical trial outcomes alone.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nishi Suryavanshi, Gauri Dhumal, Samyra R. Cox, Shashikala Sangle, Andrea DeLuca, Manjeet Santre, Amita Gupta, Geetanjali Chander, Heidi Hutton
Summary: This study assessed the acceptability, adaptability, and feasibility of a virtual counselor-delivered alcohol intervention for patients with HIV and TB in clinical settings in India. The findings showed that the virtual counselor was acceptable to participants, and cultural tailoring was necessary for implementation in Indian clinical care settings.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sunita Girish, Aarti Kinikar, Geeta Pardesh, Sangita Shelke, Anita Basavaraj, Ajay Chandanwale, Dileep Kadam, Samir Josh, Gauri Dhumal, Nilima Lokhande, Andrea Deluca, Nikhil Gupte, Amita Gupta, Robert C. Bollinger, Vidya Mave
Summary: This prospective cohort study conducted in Pune, India, among HCW trainees showed good overall agreement between TST and QFT-GIT for LTBI screening. QFT-GIT detected additional LTBI cases among TST-negative trainees, suggesting possible early detection of LTBI conversion. The study supports the use of IGRA for annual LTBI screening among HCWs in LMIC settings.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
(2021)