期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 624, 期 -, 页码 599-610出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.131
关键词
Factor analysis; Lateritic weathering; Illuviation; Soil variability
资金
- Hazwaste Fund [S43-0065]
- Australian Contaminated Land Consultants Association (ACLCA) Victoria
- Australian government
There has been a global shift in environmental risk assessment towards quantifying ambient background concentrations of metals/metalloids in soil. Whilst bedrock has been shown to be a key driver of metal/metalloid variability in soil, few researchers have assessed controls of ambient background concentrations in soils of similar bedrock. A soil survey was undertaken of Greater Melbourne, Greater Geelong, Ballarat and Mitchell in Victoria, Australia for elements of potential environmental concern: As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Hg, Pb and Zn. Samples (n = 622) were collected from surface (0 to 0.1 m) and sub-surface (0.3 to 0.6 m) soils, overlying Tertiary-Quaternary basalt, Tertiary sediments and Silurian siltstone and sandstone. In addition, background soil data from open-source environmental assessment reports (n = 5512) were collated to support the understanding of natural enrichment, particularly at depths >0.6 m. Factor analysis, supported by correlation analysis and auxiliary geo-spatial data, provided an improved understanding of where and how background metal/metalloid enrichment occurs in the environment. Weathering during paleoclimates was the predominant influence of background metal/metalloid variability in soils overlying similar bedrock. Other key influences of metal/metalloid variability in soil included hydraulic leaching of alkali elements, biological cycling, topography and alluvial transfer of silt and sand from mineralised regions. In addition, urbanisation positively correlated with Pb and Zn concentrations in surface soils suggesting that anthropogenic activities may have resulted in diffuse Pb and Zn contamination of urban soil. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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