期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 636, 期 -, 页码 975-984出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.267
关键词
Pharmaceutically active compounds; Spatiotemporal distribution; Occurrence; Redundancy analysis; Mixture risks
资金
- Special Fund for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest [201503108]
- Science & Technology Project of Hunan Province [2017WK2091]
The occurrence of 36 pharmaceutically active compounds in surface water of the Xiangjiang River was investigated in twoseasons (n=38). Twenty-five of these compoundswere detected, with cefotaxime (maximum concentration 830 ng L-1) the most abundant compound followed by amoxicillin (maximum concentration 710 ng L-1). The spatiotemporal distribution was observed; indicating that pollution hotspots were mostly located in economically developed and densely populated regions such as Changsha City. Lower concentrations were found in summer than winter, which may be attributed to the dilution effect of a flood event and higher water temperatures. The distribution of pharmaceuticals was significantly correlated with temperature and ammonia nitrogen content. A principal component analysis-multiple linear regression model estimated that domestic sewage was the main source of pharmaceuticals, although the source composition varied among different sampling sites. Risk assessment was conducted using both individual and mixture models for preliminary identification of potential hazards. Sulfamethoxazole, clarithromycin, and azithromycin posed a high risk to algae, while sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and erythromycin-H2O showed a medium risk to invertebrates. Moreover, the mixture risk quotients calculated using a concentration additionmodel ranged from 0.31 to 9.60 in winter, and from 0.06 to 0.61 in summer, indicating a potential risk to the aquatic environment. This study provides scientific support to policy-makers to establish contaminant management priorities and enriches the global data on emerging contaminants. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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