Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Lee A. Fuiman, Terrie M. Williams, Randall W. Davis
Summary: Research on Weddell seals shows that they can exhibit directed terrestrial movement along remarkably straight paths even without visible landmarks. They may use geographic features and individual preferences to maintain consistent headings.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Jennifer L. Moore, John M. Terhune
Summary: This study aimed to determine the influence of soundwave reflection in the vocalizations of male Weddell seals during the breeding season. The research found evidence of resonance in the trills of Weddell seals, with frequencies that corresponded to the likely sizes of their trachea and larynx or pharynx. The amplitudes of the underwater calls were primarily generated by the sound source in the larynx, with some additional amplitude associated with resonance in the vocal tract.
MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Jamie L. Brusa, Jay J. Rotella, Robert A. Garrott
Summary: This study found that male Weddell seals are more likely to be found in areas with the highest densities of reproductive-age females as they age, but individual heterogeneity also plays a role in the number of female neighbors. Younger males tend to be in offshore areas for better hunting, while older males settle in nearshore areas with more pup production.
MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Limnology
Nobuo Kokubun, Yukiko Tanabe, Daisuke Hirano, Vigan Mensah, Takeshi Tamura, Shigeru Aoki, Akinori Takahashi
Summary: This study investigated the spatial and temporal variations in oceanographic conditions and their biological effects on the continental shelf off East Antarctica using conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) tags deployed on Weddell seals. The study found that Antarctic Surface Water (AASW) may intrude from the surface of off-shelf areas through Ekman transport in autumn, positively affecting the foraging behavior of the seals.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Adelie Antoine, Sara Labrousse, Pauline Goulet, Mathilde Chevallay, Joris Laborie, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet, David Nerini, Jean-Benoit Charrassin, Karine Heerah
Summary: This study focused on the lactation and foraging behavior of Weddell seals in East Antarctica. The results showed that the seals primarily fed on benthic prey in specific spatial locations. Prey capture attempts mainly occurred on the seafloor, and the prey often reacted by escaping or leaving the seafloor. The seals displayed opportunistic foraging behavior by continuously scanning the area during the approach phase.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Dionysios N. Apostolopoulos, Pavlos Avramidis, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos
Summary: This study examines the spatiotemporal changes of the Prokopos Lagoon using remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information System. The findings show that the water extent, geomorphological features, and adjacent shoreline of the lagoon have undergone changes. These research results are significant for the conservation and management of the lagoon.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Laxmi Kumar Parajuli, Masato Koike
Summary: EM is essential for visualizing synaptic morphology and quantifying synaptic transmission parameters. Automated EM tools have improved throughput for imaging and reconstructing dendritic segments effectively.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Song Chen, Zhenxin Zheng, Jinku Guo, Shengkun Hong, Weijun Zhou, Jun Xie, Wei Wang
Summary: This study used 3D computed tomography mapping to determine the location and frequency of fracture lines and comminution zones in AO/OTA types 33A and 33C distal femoral fractures. The results showed significant differences between these two types in terms of fracture fragment count, comminuted zone fracture fragment count, and mean comminuted zone fracture fragment volume. The majority of fracture line heat zones were found in the femoral epiphysis, intercondylar notch of the femur, and patellofemoral joint, while the comminuted area heat regions were mainly located on the lateral, anterior, and posterior femoral diaphysis.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ahmad Amani, Jordi Muela, Eugenio Schillaci, Jesus Castro
Summary: This article introduces the application of the VOF method based on the PLIC reconstruction algorithm in numerical simulation of interfacial flows, and proposes a method for evaluating the geometric properties of the interface based on a triangular grid. By comparing with commonly used methods, it is found that the proposed methods in this article have significant improvements in calculation accuracy and spatial convergence errors.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Kanokwarun Para, Bubpha Jitsom, Robert Eymard, Surattana Sungnul, Sekson Sirisubtawee, Sutthisak Phongthanapanich
Summary: In this paper, the CFVM method is applied to solve a convection-diffusion problem on two-dimensional triangular grids, with numerical analysis showing the least-squares method to be the most accurate for smooth initial condition problems and potential oscillations for discontinuous initial condition problems.
ZAMM-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANGEWANDTE MATHEMATIK UND MECHANIK
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luis A. Huckstadt, Andrea Pinones, Daniel M. Palacios, Birgitte I. McDonald, Michael S. Dinniman, Eileen E. Hofmann, Jennifer M. Burns, Daniel E. Crocker, Daniel P. Costa
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah A. Wood, Patrick W. Robinson, Daniel P. Costa, Roxanne S. Beltran
Summary: This study utilized crowd-sourcing to count seals and sea lions in drone imagery from Ano Nuevo Island and assessed the accuracy and precision of citizen science counts. The research found that citizen scientists tend to underestimate the actual number of animals present and can confuse sea lions for seals, especially during the summer.
Article
Biology
Roxanne S. Beltran, A. Marm Kilpatrick, Greg A. Breed, Taiki Adachi, Akinori Takahashi, Yasuhiko Naito, Patrick W. Robinson, Walker O. Smith, Amy L. Kirkham, Jennifer M. Burns
Summary: Seasonal resource pulses can have significant impacts on species interactions, as evidenced by the changes in vertical foraging depth and energy intake efficiency of Weddell seals during phytoplankton blooms. The timing of seal shallowing did not consistently align with the phytoplankton bloom, suggesting complex interactions between prey abundance, accessibility, and life-history phenology in this high-latitude ecosystem.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Luis A. Huckstadt, Andrea Pinones, Daniel M. Palacios, Birgitte I. McDonald, Michael S. Dinniman, Eileen E. Hofmann, Jennifer M. Burns, Daniel E. Crocker, Daniel P. Costa
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roxanne S. Beltran, Jessica M. Kendall-Bar, Enrico Pirotta, Taiki Adachi, Yasuhiko Naito, Akinori Takahashi, Jolien Cremers, Patrick W. Robinson, Daniel E. Crocker, Daniel P. Costa
Summary: Continuously monitoring 71 elephant seals throughout their 7-month foraging migrations revealed that they adjust activity time based on body condition and daylength, prioritizing rest in darkness for safety. This empirical evidence demonstrates that marine mammals actively optimize risk-reward trade-offs using the three-dimensional lightscape.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Taiki Adachi, Akinori Takahashi, Daniel P. Costa, Patrick W. Robinson, Luis A. Huckstadt, Sarah H. Peterson, Rachel R. Holser, Roxanne S. Beltran, Theresa R. Keates, Yasuhiko Naito
Summary: This study used innovative technologies to uncover the feeding behavior and energy balance of elephant seals on small mesopelagic fishes during oceanic migrations. It was found that the seals require extensive deep diving to achieve a positive energy balance, with female elephant seals exhibiting exceptional diving abilities relative to their body size.
Article
Biology
Kelly A. Keen, Roxanne S. Beltran, Enrico Pirotta, Daniel P. Costa
Summary: The Population Consequences of Disturbance (PCoD) framework is essential in assessing the non-lethal effects of disturbance from human activities on wildlife conservation and management. By linking short-term responses to long-term impacts on individuals and populations, PCoD models offer valuable insights into contextual factors influencing a population's exposure and sensitivity to disturbance, helping prioritize vulnerable populations and guide conservation decisions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Melissa R. Cronin, Suzanne H. Alonzo, Stephanie K. Adamczak, D. Neve Baker, Roxanne S. Beltran, Abraham L. Borker, Arina B. Favilla, Remy Gatins, Laura C. Goetz, Nicole Hack, Julia G. Harencar, Elizabeth A. Howard, Matthew C. Kustra, Rossana Maguina, Lourdes Martinez-Estevez, Rita S. Mehta, Ingrid M. Parker, Kyle Reid, May B. Roberts, Sabrina B. Shirazi, Theresa-Anne M. Tatom-Naecker, Kelley M. Voss, Ellen Willis-Norton, Bee Vadakan, Ana M. Valenzuela-Toro, Erika S. Zavaleta
Summary: Many academic EECB departments are seeking concrete ways to improve the climate and implement anti-racist policies in their teaching, training and research activities to eliminate marginalization and oppression experienced by Black people, Indigenous people and people of color.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Richard Condit, Roxanne S. Beltran, Patrick W. Robinson, Daniel E. Crocker, Daniel P. Costa
Summary: Northern elephant seals migrate long distances to breeding beaches to raise pups during a brief period. The timing of their arrival is crucial, with early arrival wasting foraging time and late arrival causing parturition failure. Despite traveling thousands of kilometers while pregnant, female elephant seals are able to time their arrival within days, maintaining a precise annual birth cycle for many years consecutively.
MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Ishana Shukla, A. Marm Kilpatrick, Roxanne S. Beltran
Summary: This study found that mammalian resting strategies vary based on trophic level, body mass, and habitat. Lower trophic levels and smaller species tend to use more spatial and social resting strategies, while top predators and larger species predominantly use temporal resting strategies. Human presence also impacts resting strategies across trophic levels, especially influencing top predators through changes in rest timing.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michelle R. Shero, Amy L. Kirkham, Daniel P. Costa, Jennifer M. Burns
Summary: The study demonstrates how Weddell seal mothers mobilize endogenous iron stores during lactation to provide for their pups, resulting in compromised physiologic dive capacities in the mothers.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Roxanne S. Beltran, Keith M. Hernandez, Richard Condit, Patrick W. Robinson, Daniel E. Crocker, Chandra Goetsch, A. Marm Kilpatrick, Daniel P. Costa
Summary: A study found that elephant seals increase their chances of survival and reproduction by gaining weight during long foraging trips. When individuals gained an additional 4.8% of their body mass, the reproductive success rate doubled. This threshold may explain reproductive failures in many species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica M. Kendall-Bar, Terrie M. Williams, Ritika Mukherji, Daniel A. Lozano, Julie K. Pitman, Rachel R. Holser, Theresa Keates, Roxanne S. Beltran, Patrick W. Robinson, Daniel E. Crocker, Taiki Adachi, Oleg I. Lyamin, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Daniel P. Costa
Summary: Marine mammals, such as the northern elephant seals, have very short sleep durations while at sea, with an average of only 2 hours per day for 7 months, which is comparable to the sleep record of African elephants.
Review
Ecology
Alli N. Cramer, Jennifer A. Hoey, Tara E. Dolan, Remy Gatins, Jason A. Toy, Jordan L. Chancellor, Eric P. Palkovacs, John Carlos Garza, Roxanne S. Beltran
Summary: The definition of connectivity in ecology and evolution is often inconsistent, leading to misunderstandings in interdisciplinary research. We propose a unified framework that conceptualizes connectivity as a generational continuum, dividing it into three timescales: within a generation, across one parent-offspring generation, and across two or more generations. Applying this framework can improve our understanding of connectivity and facilitate research communication across subdisciplines.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roxanne S. Beltran, Alexander L. Yuen, Richard Condit, Patrick W. Robinson, Max F. Czapanskiy, Daniel E. Crocker, Daniel P. Costa