Article
Virology
Carissa Gaghan, Matthew Browning, Abdelhamid M. Fares, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem, Isabel M. Gimeno, Raveendra R. Kulkarni
Summary: The study found that in ovo administration of rHVT-LT vaccine with CpG-ODN as an adjuvant or drinking water administration of CEO-ILT vaccine at 14 days of age can significantly protect against the challenge of wild-type ILT virus in broiler chickens, with similar levels of protection induced by both vaccines. The vaccinated chickens showed increased expression of interferon gamma and interleukin 12 genes, as well as increased frequency of gamma delta T cells and activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
Article
Immunology
Carissa Gaghan, Matthew Browning, Aneg L. Cortes, Isabel M. Gimeno, Raveendra R. Kulkarni
Summary: In this study, CpG-ODN was used as an in ovo adjuvant to enhance the immune response of one-day-old broiler chickens vaccinated with rHVT-LT. Results showed that CpG-ODN can increase the expression of certain immune genes and promote specific immune cell populations in the spleen and lung. These findings suggest that CpG-ODN can effectively boost the immune response in young chicks.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mishal Sarfraz, Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen, Colette Wheler, Wolfgang Koster, Volker Gerdts, Arshud Dar
Summary: In this study, the dosage levels of various innate immune stimulants were characterized, and it was found that the administration of 10-50 μg CpG ODN/embryo is effective in controlling yolk sac infection caused by avian pathogenic E. coli. Additionally, the combination of 10 μg CpG ODN and 15 μg poly I:C was the most effective in preventing yolk sac infection.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Galit H. Frydman, Felix Ellett, Julianne Jorgensen, Anika L. Marand, Lawrence Zukerberg, Martin K. Selig, Shannon N. Tessier, Keith H. K. Wong, David Olaleye, Charles R. Vanderburg, James G. Fox, Ronald G. Tompkins, Daniel Irimia
Summary: Histological studies of sepsis patients found increased MKs in the lungs and platelets within microthrombi in the kidneys, which correlated with organ dysfunction. Imaging cytometry of peripheral blood from sepsis patients showed significantly higher MK counts, likely misclassified as leukocytes by automated analyzers. In vitro techniques revealed that MKs interact with bacteria, undergo chemotaxis, and release chromatin webs in response to pathogenic stimuli, suggesting their involvement in sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Shir Eliachar, Grace Ann Snyder, Shany Klara Barkan, Shani Talice, Aner Otolenghi, Adrian Jaimes-Becerra, Ton Sharoni, Eliya Sultan, Uzi Hadad, Oren Levy, Yehu Moran, Orly Gershoni-Yahalom, Nikki Traylor-Knowles, Benyamin Rosental
Summary: Climate change-induced heat stress leads to increased coral bleaching events. This study explored the immune response during heat stress using two sea anemone models. The results showed enhanced immune cell activity during heat stress, which was not influenced by the presence of algal symbionts.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Allison C. Boone, Raveendra R. Kulkarni, Aneg L. Cortes, Tarsicio Villalobos, Javier Esandi, Isabel M. Gimeno
Summary: In ovo vaccination with herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) enhances immune competence in chickens, and the recommended dose (RD) of 6080 plaque-forming-units (PFU) offers the most optimal effects. This study found that HVT-RD increases transcription levels of TLR3 and IFN c R2 in meat-type chickens, leading to enhanced cellular immune responses. However, the addition of TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) only provides minimal adjuvant/dose-sparing effects.
Article
Immunology
Feng Hu, Yan Wang, Jingjie Hu, Zhenmin Bao, Mengqiang Wang
Summary: This experiment evaluated the impact of dietary supplementation with 17 types of CpG ODNs on the intestinal microbiota diversity, antioxidant capacity, and immune-related gene expression profiles of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp. The results showed that 11 of the 17 types of CpG ODNs significantly enhanced the intestinal microbiota diversity, increased the populations of several probiotic bacteria, and activated possible mechanisms relevant to diseases. The study suggests that CpG ODNs could be used as a trace supplement to improve the intestinal health and immunity of shrimp.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Osamu Kanauchi, Zhao Xuan Low, Kenta Jounai, Ryohei Tsuji, Sazaly Abubakar
Summary: This comprehensive review examines the medical impact of probiotics on infectious diseases, particularly focusing on the periods before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. It finds that certain probiotic strains have shown clinical effectiveness in treating gastrointestinal diseases, the common cold, and flu. However, the direct effectiveness of probiotics in treating or preventing COVID-19 is still uncertain. As we enter the post-COVID-19 era, the relationship between COVID-19 and the innate immune system is gradually being understood, offering potential for developing novel vaccines and treatments. Further research is needed to explore the interaction between probiotics and the immune system and their role in immunoregulatory therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ricardo Cardoso Castro, Relber Aguiar Goncales, Fabiana Albani Zambuzi, Fabiani Gai Frantz
Summary: The Notch signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses during infections, influencing cell fate, hematopoiesis, tissue self-renewal, and immune system function. Establishing an approach based on this pathway can help predict the outcomes of infectious diseases.
INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Daniel Maekawa, Sylva M. Riblet, Patrick Whang, Ivan Alvarado, Maricarmen Garcia
Summary: This study shows that the deletion strain BDORFC of ILTV, administered alone or in combination with rHVT-LT vaccine, did not affect hatchability and only caused minimal respiratory distress when administered via spray. The replication and seroconversion induced by BDORFC strain after in ovo and spray administration was limited, while replication of the rHVT-LT vaccine was delayed when combined with BDORFC strain in ovo. Dual vaccination with rHVT-LT + BDORFC was more effective in reducing clinical signs and challenge virus load in the trachea compared to single vaccination with rHVT-LT or BDORFC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fazul Nabi, Muhammad Asif Arain, Sarfaraz Ali Fazlani, Mariyam Khalid, Firdous Bugti, Sikandar Ali, Syed Khurram Fareed, Juan Liu
Summary: The present study investigated the effects of trace elements zinc and selenium supplementation on the histomorphology, immunological role, and functional activity of goblet cells in broiler chicken's small intestine. The results showed that trace element supplementation had significant effects on the morphology and immunological role of goblet cells, which could be essential for the immune function and health status of broiler chickens.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Amy Dagenais, Carlos Villalba-Guerrero, Martin Olivier
Summary: Innate immune cells can enhance the response to reinfection through trained immunity, a form of immunological memory. The potential of trained immunity in prophylaxis and therapy has attracted great interest in the field of infectious diseases. In the context of antimicrobial resistance and climate change, harnessing the advantages of trained immunity could be game-changing. This article presents recent research linking trained immunity and infectious diseases, highlighting important discoveries, questions, concerns, and novel avenues for its modulation in practice, with a focus on problematic and understudied pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
James A. Carroll, Brent Race, Katie Williams, James F. Striebel, Bruce Chesebro
Summary: The study found that adult microglia exhibited higher reactivity to exposure to LPS or IMQ, but showed decreased expression of genes when exposed to CpG-ODN 1585. In vivo experiments indicated that microglial influences on neuroinflammation were specific to the agonist, with mice with reduced microglia showing more dysregulated responses to the TLR7 agonist IMQ.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Virology
Javier Gutierrez-Alvarez, Li Wang, Raul Fernandez-Delgado, Kun Li, Paul B. McCray, Stanley Perlman, Isabel Sola, Sonia Zuniga, Luis Enjuanes
Summary: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a highly lethal virus causing severe pneumonia in humans. By developing a mouse-adapted MERS-CoV strain and studying gene 5, researchers found that the adapted virus showed increased virulence and gene 5 may play a role in modulating interferon response during infection. These findings contribute to a better understanding of MERS-CoV pathogenesis and could potentially lead to the development of new antiviral strategies.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mohammad Majid Ebrahimi, Shahla Shahsavandi, Ali Reza Yousefi, Nikdokht Ebrahimi
Summary: Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a respiratory disease in poultry with high mortality rates and decreased egg production. Vaccination and biosecurity measures are key in controlling ILT. This study evaluated an inactivated ILT vaccine candidate derived from a local ILTV isolate, finding that combined administration of inactivated and live ILT vaccines was most effective in inducing immunity against ILTV.
Article
Fisheries
S. Haddadi, S. Thapa, A. M. Kameka, J. Hui, M. Czub, E. Nagy, G. Muench, M. F. Abdul-Careem
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2015)
Review
Virology
Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Aruna Amarasinghe, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan, Aruna Amarasinghe, Eva Nagy, Shayan Sharif, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careemt
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aruna Amarasinghe, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Sadiya Nazir, Upasama De Silva Senapathi, Frank van der Meer, Susan Catherine Cork, Susantha Gomis, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Immunology
Jegarubee Bavananthasivam, Tamiru N. Alkie, Jake Astill, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem, Sarah K. Wootton, Shahriar Behboudi, Alexander Yitbarek, Shayan Sharif
Article
Immunology
Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Godsent Ehiremen, Eva Nagy, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Microbiology
Aruna Amarasinghe, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Zahraa Almatrouk, Frank van der Meer, Susan C. Cork, Susantha Gomis, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Immunology
Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Victor Palomino-Tapia, Aruna Amarasinghe, Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan, Upasama De Silva Senapathi, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Immunology
Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Maha Ahmed Sabry, Eman Hamza, Shayan Sharif, Eva Nagy, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Virology
Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Upasama De Silva Senapathi, Maha Ahmed Sabry, Eman Hamza, Eva Nagy, Shayan Sharif, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Virology
Hanaa Ahmed-Hassan, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Maha Ahmed Sabry, Eman Hamza, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Virology
Aruna Amarasinghe, Shelly Popowich, Upasama De Silva Senapathi, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Frank Marshall, Frank van der Meer, Susan C. Cork, Susantha Gomis, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Virology
Upasama De Silva Senapathi, Mohamed Sarjoon Abdul-Cader, Aruna Amarasinghe, Guido van Marle, Markus Czub, Susantha Gomis, Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jegarubee Bavananthasivam, Leah Read, Jake Astill, Alexander Yitbarek, Tamiru N. Alkie, Mohamed Fa Izal Abdul-Careem, Sarah K. Wootton, Shahriar Behboudi, Shayan Sharif
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)