Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yulei Zhu, Yang Qiao, Rouli Dai, Xin Hu, Xin Li
Summary: The study analyzed trends in antibiotics utilization and patient costs, evaluated policy effects and explored factors associated with irrational antibiotic use. The proportion of outpatients treated with antibiotics decreased significantly, while the proportion for emergency patients increased significantly and for inpatients also increased significantly. Various factors such as survey areas, clinical departments, patient demographics, and antibiotic categories influenced antibiotics utilization.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sanjiv Rampal, Thanusha Ganesan, Narresh Sisubalasingam, Vasantha Kumari Neela, Mehmet Ali Tokgoz, Arun Arunasalam, Mohd Asyraf Hafizuddin Ab Halim, Zulfahrizzat Bin Shamsudin, Suresh Kumar, Ajantha Sinniah
Summary: This study investigated the common causative microorganisms and prescribed antibiotics for necrotizing fasciitis in two tertiary care hospitals in Central Malaysia. The findings suggest that ampicillin + sulbactam, clindamycin, and ceftazidime are the top three empirical antibiotics prescribed, impacting the outcome of NF. The use of antibiotics reduces the risk of amputation and improves the prognosis of the disease. Broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics following surgical debridement can help reduce the mortality rate of NF.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aneta Peric, Nemanja Rancic, Viktorija Dragojevic-Simic, Bojana Milenkovic, Nenad Ljubenovic, Bojan Rakonjac, Vesna Begovic-Kupresanin, Vesna Suljagic
Summary: This ecological study is the largest to date examining the association between rates of antibiotic use and hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection in a Serbian university hospital. The study found that the total utilization of antibacterials increased over time, with third-generation cephalosporins being the most commonly used antibiotics. The study also identified statistically significant associations between certain types of antibiotics and the rate of infection.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael J. Steiner, Matt Hall, Ashley G. Sutton, John R. Stephens, JoAnna K. Leyenaar, Lindsay Chase, Corrie E. McDaniel
Summary: This study investigates the redistribution of pediatric inpatient care from general hospitals to children's hospitals.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Tatsuo Horiuchi, Tomonori Takazawa, Masaki Orihara, Shinya Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Nagumo, Shigeru Saito
Summary: Perioperative anaphylaxis is a sudden and life-threatening event that requires anesthesiologists to have sufficient knowledge and coping strategies. While studies on this condition are rare in Japan, a recent study analyzed data from 46 patients to identify common causative agents and their associated characteristics. The findings may provide valuable information for anesthesiologists in Japan dealing with perioperative anaphylaxis.
JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Federico A. Zumaya-Estrada, Alfredo Ponce-de-Leon-Garduno, Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela, Juan Carlos Tinoco-Favila, Patricia Cornejo-Juarez, Diana Vilar-Compte, Alejandro Sassoe-Gonzalez, Pedro Jesus Saturno-Hernandez, Celia M. Alpuche-Aranda
Summary: This study highlights the extensive use of antimicrobials and broad-spectrum antibiotics for systemic use in Mexican hospitals, along with the presence of resistant pathogens to the commonly used antibiotics in the surveyed hospitals.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Holden W. Richards, Afif N. Kulaylat, Jennifer N. Cooper, Daryl J. McLeod, Karen A. Diefenbach, Marc P. Michalsky
Summary: The utilization of robotic-assisted surgery in pediatric surgery and pediatric urology has been increasing in both case volume and the number of operating surgeons, with the areas of greatest growth being foregut and renal pelvis/ureter surgery.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Santiago Grau, Sergi Hernandez, Daniel Echeverria-Esnal, Alexander Almendral, Ricard Ferrer, Enric Limon, Juan Pablo Horcajada
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial consumption in 66 hospitals in Catalonia. Results showed that the consumption of most antimicrobials deviated from the expected trend pattern, with a worrisome increase in antibacterial and antifungal consumption observed in ICUs in Catalonia. Overall, while ICU consumption of antibacterial and antimycotic decreased, their use in terms of DDD/100 discharges increased.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Maria Lagadinou, Elpida Tsami, Apostolos Deligakis, Themistoklis Paraskevas, Christos Michailides, Dimitrios Velissaris, Despoina Gkentzi, Markos Marangos
Summary: This study assessed the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers in Western Greece regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance. The findings revealed that healthcare workers tend not to base their antibiotic prescriptions on patient opinions and are aware of the adverse effects of antibiotics. However, some healthcare workers still prescribe antibiotics due to diagnostic uncertainty or based on their experience. Adverse effects are often not reported, and inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions are mentioned as the main reason for bacterial resistance. Monitoring treatment progress, using electronic prescriptions, and adhering to international guidelines were suggested as potential solutions to this problem.
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. Reche, N. Perez, A. Alastuey, N. Cots, E. Perez, X. Querol
Summary: It has been established that reducing NH3 emissions can contribute significantly to air quality control in environments where NH3 abundance limits secondary PM2.5 generation. However, the availability of NH3 concentration measurements is scarce, especially at urban background sites. This study conducted simultaneous multi-site measurements in NE Spain from 2011 to 2020 and found that traffic emissions were a significant source of NH3. NH3 concentrations showed a statistically significant increasing trend at the urban background site and during summer periods at the mountain site, possibly due to increasing emissions from agricultural/livestock activities. These increases in NH3 concentrations were hypothesized to affect the effectiveness of current action plans to reduce fine aerosols. Predicting NH3 concentrations at urban backgrounds is challenging due to its dependence on various factors. Therefore, highly temporally and spatially resolved NH3 measurements are necessary for designing effective abatement actions.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeffrey T. Howard, Jessica K. Perrotte, Kassandra Flores, Caleb Leong, Joseph David Nocito, Krista J. Howard
Summary: This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence trends of binge drinking and heavy alcohol consumption among pregnant women and nonpregnant women from 2011 to 2020.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samuel Baker Obakiro, Kenedy Kiyimba, George Paasi, Agnes Napyo, Sibyl Anthierens, Paul Waako, Paul Van Royen, Jacob Stanley Iramiot, Herman Goossens, Tomislav Kostyanev
Summary: This study found high rates of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates from inpatients and outpatients in Eastern Uganda. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed resistance to multiple antibiotics, while Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae also exhibited resistance to various drugs. Measures to improve microbiology diagnostics and prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains are essential for effective treatment of bacterial infections.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Cantero, E. Jimenez, L. M. Parra, I. Salcedo-Leal, R. M. Orti-Lucas, A. Asensio, EPINE Study Grp
Summary: This study evaluated the consumption of antimicrobials in Spanish hospitals from 2012 to 2021. The prevalence of antimicrobial use remained stable, but there was a slight increase in the percentage of systemic use and parenteral administration. Some improvements were observed in medical prophylaxis and documentation of the reason for use, while the percentage of surgical prophylaxis prescribed for more than 24 hours decreased.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nikolaos Skourlis, Paraskevi Massara, Ioannis Patsis, Eleni Peppa, Klea Katsouyanni, Antonia Trichopoulou
Summary: This study evaluated the longitudinal changes in alcohol consumption of Greek EPIC cohort participants over a 17-year period. The findings showed a decreasing trend in alcohol intake with age, and factors like education level and smoking were positively associated with total alcohol consumption while factors like gender, obesity, and medical history were negatively associated. Targeted monitoring of alcohol consumption is suggested based on age, subgroups, and types of alcohol.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaomin Zhao, Xuying Li, Yi Liu, Kathleen Calzone, Juan Xu, Xueling Xiao, Honghong Wang
Summary: The level of genomic knowledge among nurses in mainland Chinese tertiary hospitals was moderate, and the genomic competency of cancer hospital nurses was comparable to that of general hospital nurses.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Chaofan Li, Nengliang (Aaron) Yao, Aitian Yin
COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chaofan Li, Rui Zhou, Nengliang Yao, Thomas Cornwell, Shuangshuang Wang
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2020)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Chaofan Li, Nengliang Aaron Yao
Summary: The study reveals that 28% of Chinese older adults have no remaining teeth and only 19% had used dental care in the past year. Those without insurance and those with rural resident insurance had higher rates of edentulousness compared to those with urban employee insurance. Individuals in higher income and education groups were more likely to use dental care services and incur higher dental care expenses.
INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chaofan Li, Chengxiang Tang, Haipeng Wang
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jian Sun, Shoujun Lyu, Chaofan Li, Peter C. Coyte
Summary: This study found that the Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) reduced the pro-rich inequalities in depression occurrence and score among middle-aged and older adults in China. It is recommended to further expand the coverage of URRBMI to address income-related inequality in depressive symptoms.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Chaofan Li, Qiaobing Wu, Debin Gu, Shiguang Ni
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms among frontline healthcare professionals in Shenzhen, China during the COVID-19 pandemic and revealed a significant association between trauma exposure and depression. It also found that intrusive rumination mediated the effect of trauma exposure on depressive symptoms, and this relationship was moderated by organizational silence.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chaofan Li, Nengliang Yao, Stephanie L. Miller, Christopher Macpherson, Taryn Hassinger, Kaitlin Love, Steven K. Malin
Summary: This study examined the effects of Reduced Nicotine Cigarettes (RNC) and exercise training on smoking cessation and cardiometabolic health. The results showed that RNC + Exercise treatment maintained fat oxidation, insulin resistance, and cortisol levels. Increased VO(2)max was associated with lower nicotine dependence scores.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chaofan Li, Chengxiang Tang
Summary: This study examines income-related health inequality in western rural regions of China and finds slight inequality in health outcomes. Income and education are identified as the main sources of inequality, while ethnicity has less impact. To achieve further health equality, the Chinese government should improve the affordability of primary healthcare and implement targeted health poverty alleviation policies.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Xin Wang, Chaofan Li, Yuanqing Chen, Caiyun Zheng, Fei Zhang, Yixiang Huang, Stephen Birch
Summary: This study examines the effect of job satisfaction on job performance in a district-level health care system in China and explores the mechanism through which this association operates. The results show that job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job performance are positively correlated, while burnout is negatively correlated with them. Path analysis reveals the indirect effects of job satisfaction on job performance through organizational commitment and burnout.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cidan Zhuoga, Zhaxi Cuomu, Shunping Li, Lei Dou, Chaofan Li, Zhaxi Dawa
Summary: This study evaluates changes in income-related inequity in inpatient care utilization and unmet needs in Tibet between 2013 and 2018 and identifies the sources of inequity. The findings show that the inequity in inpatient care utilization decreased during this period, while the inequity in unmet hospitalization needs remained stable. Income and the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme were the main drivers of equity promotion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jian Sun, Hongye Luo, Chaofan Li, Qianqiang Wang
Summary: This study found that living in a place where neighbors had close-knit relationships during childhood was associated with better mental health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults in China. The results highlight the importance of neighborhood relationships in promoting mental well-being.
ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
Chaofan Li, Lizheng Xu, Haipeng Wang, Xin Wang, Chengxiang Tang
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chaofan Li, Chengxiang Tang, Haipeng Wang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
Xu Lizheng, Li Chaofan, Li Jiajing, Yang Fan, Wang Jian