Article
Environmental Sciences
Simao Maia, Sonia C. Marques, Sam Dupont, Marta Neves, Henrique J. Pinto, Joao Reis, Sergio M. Leandro
Summary: This study investigated the combined effects of seawater acidification and warming on growth and biochemical responses of juvenile shrimp, finding that these factors decrease lipid and protein content, impacting body size and biochemical profile.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mikhael Clotilde S. Tanedo, Ronald D. Villanueva, Andrew F. Torres, Rachel Ravago-Gotanco, Maria Lourdes San Diego-McGlone
Summary: The study investigated the responses of Philippine coral reefs to ocean warming and acidification scenarios, finding that changes in seawater temperature and pH have significant impacts on the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of F. colemani. Despite experiencing declines in growth rate and zooxanthellae density, F. colemani showed sustained photosynthetic competency under near-future scenarios, indicating its ability to adapt and survive in changing ocean conditions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jung Ho Yoo, Shichoon Lee
Summary: Calcite cleavage was observed by accelerating the formation and dissolution of calcitic CaCO3 in aqueous solutions, with crystals forming within one day and dissolution beginning at three days. X-ray diffraction patterns showed predominantly calcite formation, with no amorphous phase even after twelve days of aging. Cleavages mainly occurred in the {10 (1) over bar1} plane, with some observed through the {10 (1) over bar4} plane in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Gabriela Tavares Sousa, Milton C. Lima Neto, Rodrigo Brasil Choueri, Italo Braga Castro
Summary: Anthropogenic changes such as ocean acidification affect coastal environments and aquatic organisms. In the presence of the herbicide Irgarol, low pH resulted in reduced photosynthetic yield in Ulva lactuca, while also inducing protective mechanisms like NPQ to adapt to low pH conditions. However, the combination of low pH and Irgarol had harmful effects on the algae, with increased membrane damage and lipid peroxidation, indicating a possible synergistic effect.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Caroline Schwaner, Michelle Barbosa, Teresa G. Schwemmer, Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa, Bassem Allam
Summary: Ocean acidification caused by the absorption of atmospheric CO2 by the oceans has detrimental effects on marine organisms, including the vulnerable eastern oyster. This study investigated the challenges oysters face in low pH conditions and identified potential resilience mechanisms, such as food availability and adaptive changes in food uptake. The findings suggest that oysters with abundant food resources are more likely to survive and grow under ocean acidification, highlighting the importance of energy availability in their resilience.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lawrence Patrick C. Bernardo, Masahiko Fujii, Tsuneo Ono
Summary: This study developed an approach to evaluate and predict the combined effects of ocean acidification and deoxygenation on calcifying organisms along the coast of Japan. The model simulations suggest that global warming and ocean acidification may have significant impacts on calcifying organisms.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elliot Scanes, Laura M. Parker, Justin R. Seymour, Nachshon Siboni, Michael C. Dove, Wayne A. O'Connor, Pauline M. Ross
Summary: The study found a significant negative relationship between the metabolic rate and bacterial richness in oysters, with the bacterial community composition being influenced by metabolic rate, extracellular CO2, and extracellular pH. The effects of extracellular CO2 depended on genotype, and changes in metabolic rate aligned with a shift in ASVs abundance, indicating a clear relationship between host metabolism and the microbiome in oysters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Tang, Xueying Du, Shuge Sun, Wei Shi, Yu Han, Weishang Zhou, Jiongming Zhang, Shuangshuang Teng, Peng Ren, Guangxu Liu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of ocean acidification and warming on the metabolism of thick-shell mussels. The results showed that acidification and warming significantly affected mussel metabolism and led to a shortage of energy supply. Additionally, these stressors disrupted circadian rhythm and neurotransmitters.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dong Xu, Shanying Tong, Bingkun Wang, Xiansheng Zhang, Wei Wang, Xiaowen Zhang, Xiao Fan, Yitao Wang, Ke Sun, Naihao Ye
Summary: This study reveals that ocean acidification and warming are major environmental stressors, and the impact of warming on the growth responses of phytoplankton to ocean acidification is not well understood. The results show that high CO2 enhances the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira weissflogii, especially at optimum temperature. Furthermore, HC-grown cells require more energy and materials to maintain intracellular homeostasis and repair damage caused by unsuitable temperatures.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Salvador Villasuso-Palomares, Maria T. Gutierrez-Wing, Carmen G. Paniagua-Chavez
Summary: This study successfully synchronized the reproductive development stage of Pacific oysters through a preconditioning process. The results showed that using a calcium reactor helped maintain water quality parameters within favorable ranges, but had no significant effect on the oysters' weight and condition index.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhan Ban, Xiangang Hu, Jinghong Li
Summary: The authors utilize machine learning models to identify multifactor tipping points of global marine phytoplankton. The study reveals that temperature and carbon dioxide are the key risks, and predicts that the tipping points of production and resistance in tropical areas will be crossed by 2100.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Raymond Czaja Jr, Emmanuelle Pales-Espinosa, Robert M. Cerrato, Kamazima Lwiza, Bassem Allam
Summary: Low pH conditions associated with ocean acidification pose threats to commercially and ecologically important organisms like bivalves. This study investigates factors that explain differences in biological responses to low pH in laboratory experiments, such as upwelling exposure and experimental design. The results show that upwelling exposure and experimental design significantly impact bivalve metabolic responses to low pH, with bivalves from strong upwelling areas showing less sensitivity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Jiale Fan, Futian Li, Siyu Hu, Kunshan Gao, Juntian Xu
Summary: This study investigated the response of differently sized diatoms to temperature changes and found that with increasing cell size, the optimum growth temperature, maximum growth rates, and thermal niche width all decreased. Additionally, the cell volume of diatoms decreased with rising temperature, but the cellular biogenic silica content increased until the optimum growth temperature. However, warming to temperatures higher than the optimum temperature for growth significantly reduced the biogenic silica content. These findings have significant implications for ocean carbon and silica biogeochemical cycles.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Coulson A. Lantz, William Leggat, Jessica L. Bergman, Alexander Fordyce, Charlotte Page, Thomas Mesaglio, Tracy D. Ainsworth
Summary: Coral bleaching events continue to degrade coral reefs worldwide, causing a shift in the ecosystem from coral to algae dominance. This study found that during a bleaching event, a degraded coral reef community was still able to maintain positive net ecosystem calcification and production, despite declining coral health. Elevated temperatures may have enhanced calcification in non-hermatypic calcifiers. However, the study highlights that positive net ecosystem calcification on degraded reefs may not equate to net positive accretion of a complex reef structure in the future.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mei Zhang, Yu Zhen, Tiezhu Mi, Senjie Lin
Summary: Research has shown that rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations are causing ocean acidification with significant consequences for marine organisms. Studies on the temperate coastal marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi suggest that elevated CO2 levels can inhibit photosynthesis and growth, but induce cells to invest more in protein synthesis, energy metabolism, and antioxidative stress defense.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Julia D. Sigwart, Lauren Sumner-Rooney
Summary: The study found that the visual network of eyed chitons expands continuously as new eyes are added at the shell margin and generated at regular time intervals. While chiton eyes are arranged bilaterally symmetrically with slight deviations from symmetry, the overall regularity and organization of the visual system are greater than previously appreciated, ensuring comprehensive sampling of the total field of view.
BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Limnology
Jahangir Vajedsamiei, Frank Melzner, Michael Raatz, Rainer Kiko, Maral Khosravi, Christian Pansch
Summary: This paper introduces an empirical method using FOFS to enhance understanding of benthic filter feeders' performance under changing environmental conditions. Through online data recording and Python script processing, researchers can adjust experimental procedures in different environments to provide a detailed description of stress-response relationships and detect species' tolerance limits.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Kerry L. Howell, Ana Hilario, A. Louise Allcock, David Bailey, Maria Baker, Malcolm R. Clark, Ana Colaco, Jon Copley, Erik E. Cordes, Roberto Danovaro, Awantha Dissanayake, Elva Escobar, Patricia Esquete, Austin J. Gallagher, Andrew R. Gates, Sylvie M. Gaudron, Christopher R. German, Kristina M. Gjerde, Nicholas D. Higgs, Nadine Le Bris, Lisa A. Levin, Elisabetta Manea, Craig McClain, Lenaick Menot, Nelia C. Mestre, Anna Metaxas, Rosanna Milligan, Agnes W. N. Muthumbi, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Sofia P. Ramalho, Eva Ramirez-Llodra, Laura M. Robson, Alex D. Rogers, Javier Sellanes, Julia D. Sigwart, Kerry Sink, Paul V. R. Snelgrove, Paris V. Stefanoudis, Paulo Y. Sumida, Michelle L. Taylor, Andrew R. Thurber, Rui Vieira, Hiromi K. Watanabe, Lucy C. Woodall, Joana R. Xavier
Summary: The United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development offers a great opportunity for the deep-sea research community to achieve positive change in ocean use.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tejaswi Yarra, Kirti Ramesh, Mark Blaxter, Anne Huening, Frank Melzner, Melody S. Clark
Summary: Biomineralization by molluscs involves regulated deposition of calcium carbonate crystals within a protein framework to produce complex biocomposite structures. Effective biomineralization is crucial for aquaculture and animal resilience under future climate change. In this study, gene expression dynamics during shell repair in adult blue mussels were explored using RNA-Seq, identifying a large number of differentially expressed transcripts related to shell biology and repair. The results provide insights into the genes and pathways involved in biomineralization processes, offering potential for future functional analyses.
Article
Ecology
Jahangir Vajedsamiei, Frank Melzner, Michael Raatz, Sonia C. Moron Lugo, Christian Pansch
Summary: Research findings suggest that the impact of ongoing ocean climate warming on marine ectotherms is influenced by short-term thermal variability, with high-temperature fluctuations improving growth performance in mussels. However, fluctuations only mitigate heat stress impacts at critically high average temperatures.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Loreen Knoebel, Jennifer C. Nascimento-Schulze, Trystan Sanders, Dominique Zeus, Claas Hiebenthal, Francisco R. Barboza, Heiko Stuckas, Frank Melzner
Summary: Baltic blue mussels are able to colonize habitats with low salinity and show gene flow between different populations at varying salinities. Larvae from different populations exhibit better performance at their native salinities, indicating local adaptation. Low salinity also acts as a selective pressure shaping genetic composition and potentially impacting ecosystem structure in the Baltic Sea.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frank Melzner, Mike Podbielski, Felix C. Mark, Martin Tresguerres
Summary: The ongoing loss of experts in marine cellular biochemistry and physiology is hindering the generation of knowledge needed for predicting organismal responses to climate change.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Imke Podbielski, Claas Hiebenthal, Mithra-Christin Hajati, Christian Bock, Markus Bleich, Frank Melzner
Summary: Low-salinity stress can severely affect the fitness of marine organisms. The organic osmolyte pool plays an important role in low-salinity acclimation, while inorganic osmolytes are involved in long-term cellular osmoregulation in most species.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Imke Podbielski, Lara Schmittmann, Trystan Sanders, Frank Melzner
Summary: Salinity is a major factor affecting marine organisms. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on osmolytes in marine invertebrates acclimated to reduced salinity. The findings suggest that tissue concentrations of certain organic compounds and sodium are consistently reduced across different phyla, indicating the utilization of intracellular inorganic ions as a response system during acute exposure to low salinity stress. However, there are still research gaps in quantifying salinity-induced long-term changes in intracellular ion concentrations and compiling a complete intracellular osmolyte budget. Best-practice guidelines are suggested to better understand the mechanisms of salinity acclimation in marine invertebrates.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Boris Sirenko, Julia D. Sigwart
Summary: In this study, the distinction of Leptochiton alascensis from other closely related chitons was confirmed through the examination of its type material and specimens from Asia and America.
ARCHIV FUR MOLLUSKENKUNDE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Julia D. Sigwart, Angelika Brandt, Davide Di Franco, Elva Escobar Briones, Sarah Gerken, Andrew J. Gooday, Candace J. Grimes, Kamila Gluchowska, Sven Hoffmann, Anna Maria Jazdzewska, Elham Kamyab, Andreas Kelch, Henry Knauber, Katharina Kohlenbach, Olmo Miguez-Salas, Camille Moreau, Akito Ogawa, Angelo Poliseno, Andreu Santin Muriel, Anne Helene S. Tandberg, Franziska I. Theising, Thomas Walter, Anne-Cathrin Woelfl, Chong Chen
Summary: Abyssal plains cover a large portion of the ocean floor and were previously considered featureless, but recent research has revealed substantial biological heterogeneity. By analyzing high-definition camera images from three stations in the Bering Sea, researchers found significant variations in the density and distribution of visible epifauna, including different megafaunal taxa. The findings suggest that abyssal habitats exhibit comparable levels of biological heterogeneity to terrestrial continental realms.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia D. Sigwart, Chong Chen, Ekin Tilic, Miguel Vences, Torben Riehl
Summary: The increasing complexity and specialisation of modern sciences have led to the need for collaborative publications and involvement of commercial services. However, modern integrative taxonomy lags behind in terms of collaboration, and attempts at 'turbo taxonomy' have been unsatisfactory. To address this, we are developing a taxonomic service that provides fundamental data for new species descriptions and connects a global network of taxonomists. This service aims to tackle the challenges of extinction and inclusion crises in Anthropocene biodiversity loss.
News Item
Biodiversity Conservation
Julia D. Sigwart, Riley Pollom, Monika Bohm
Article
Zoology
Chong Chen, Julia D. Sigwart
Summary: Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are home to many unique species adapted to these chemosynthesis-based ecosystems. The exploration of vent fields, including those in the tropical Pacific, is increasing due to deep-sea mining. Molecular evidence has revealed that many vent endemic gastropod lineages consist of sibling species pairs in neighboring oceanic basins. In this study, previously unpublished descriptions of several species and a new genus were presented, which are important for their taxonomic recognition and potential conservation needs in the face of future environmental destruction.
Article
Ecology
Trystan Sanders, Jorn Thomsen, Jens Daniel Mueller, Gregor Rehder, Frank Melzner
Summary: The Baltic Sea has a salinity gradient decreasing from fully marine in the west to below 7 in the central Baltic Proper. Mytilid mussels experience reduced growth in low salinity environments mainly due to calcium ion limitation. Laboratory experiments showed that individual factors such as low bicarbonate concentration, pH, and salinity cannot fully explain the low calcification rates in the Baltic Sea.