Article
Food Science & Technology
Tertius A. Kohn, Megan J. Anley, S'thandiwe N. Magwaza, Luqmaan Adamson, Louw C. Hoffman, Tertius S. Brand
Summary: This study analyzed muscle fiber type, fiber cross-sectional area, enzyme activities, and glycogen content in four muscles of 24 ostriches. The results showed similar proportions of type I and II fibers in all muscles, with the smallest fibers in the iliotibialis cranialis muscle. Citrate synthase activity was highest in the iliotibialis cranialis muscle and similar in the other muscles. 3-hydroxyacetyl Co A dehydrogenase activities were low in all muscles, indicating poor beta-oxidation. The iliotibialis cranialis muscle also had the lowest phosphofructokinase activity. Glycogen content varied within each muscle. These findings suggest that the ostrich muscles have low fat oxidation capacity and glycogen content, which could affect meat quality attributes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Takanaga Shirai, Tomohiro Iwata, Kazuki Uemichi, Riku Tanimura, Ryoto Iwai, Tohru Takemasa
Summary: Calorie restriction (CR) is a recognized dietary approach that has beneficial effects on the body. This study found that secretory factors present in the blood during CR can activate protein synthesis and promote mitochondrial function.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ayano Kato, Iori Sakakibara, Taku Fukushima, Kosuke Sugiura, Tomoya Fukawa, Takeshi Nikawa, Takayuki Uchida
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of different glucose concentrations on protein expression in muscle cells and found that low and medium glucose concentrations can enhance glucose utilization and induce myosin expression.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mingliang Li, Ying Wei, Zhiyuan Feng, Muyi Cai, Yaguang Xu, Ruizeng Gu, Yongqing Ma, Xingchang Pan
Summary: The study demonstrated that dipeptides isolated from corn peptides can regulate the Akt-mTOR and NF-kappa B signaling pathways, with the potential to promote skeletal muscle growth.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lu Xiang, Zhiqing Huang, Xiaoling Chen, Gang Jia, Guangmang Liu, Hua Zhao
Summary: The study reveals that leucine promotes muscle fiber type transformation from fast-twitch to slow-twitch through the AdipoQ signaling pathway. This is achieved by increasing the expression of slow muscle markers and decreasing the expression of fast muscle markers. Leucine plays a significant role in regulating muscle fiber type transformation.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caroline N. Rivera, Carly E. Smith, Lillian V. Draper, Gabriela E. Ochoa, Rachel M. Watne, Andrew J. Wommack, Roger A. Vaughan
Summary: The study found that LAT1 is the primary transporter of BCAA in skeletal muscle, and JPH203 (JPH) is its inhibitor. The results showed that treatment with 1μM JPH increased mitochondrial metabolism and content, and reduced extracellular leucine and valine. However, treatment with 2μM JPH suppressed insulin signaling and increased extracellular accumulation of isoleucine without affecting BCAA metabolic genes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haiwen Li, Peipei Wang, Chen Zhang, Yuanbojiao Zuo, Yuan Zhou, Renzhi Han
Summary: In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that BVES acts as a negative feedback regulator of ADCY9-cAMP signaling in skeletal muscle, promoting muscle mass and function maintenance. BVES interacts with and negatively regulates ADCY9's activity, leading to the inhibition of the PKA signaling cascade and the prevention of ubiquitin proteasome degradation and autophagy initiation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Joshua R. Huot, Brian Thompson, Charlotte McMullen, Joseph S. Marino, Susan T. Arthur
Summary: The study showed that inhibiting Notch signaling with GSI treatment promoted myogenesis and MPS in C2C12 myotubes, independent of AKT/mTOR signaling. However, the effects of GSI on myotube formation were completely reversed by rapamycin and API-1, while GSI treatment was able to rescue MPS in C2C12 myotubes exposed to these inhibitors. These results suggest that GSI treatment can rescue MPS via GSK3 beta modulation, regardless of AKT/mTOR signaling.
Article
Cell Biology
Shunya Sadaki, Ryo Fujita, Takuto Hayashi, Ayano Nakamura, Yui Okamura, Sayaka Fuseya, Michito Hamada, Eiji Warabi, Akihiro Kuno, Akiko Ishii, Masafumi Muratani, Risa Okada, Dai Shiba, Takashi Kudo, Shin'ichi Takeda, Satoru Takahashi
Summary: Myofibers can be broadly classified into two types, fatigue-resistant slow-twitch fibers and rapidly fatiguing fast-twitch fibers. This study investigates the molecular regulation of fast-twitch muscle and identifies the large Maf transcription factor family as a major regulator for the determination of type IIb myofibers. The ablation of these transcription factors leads to a significant loss of type IIb myofibers, resulting in enhanced endurance capacity and reduced muscle force.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chelsea Thompson, M. Motiur Rahman, Soudamani Singh, Subha Arthur, Cecilia Sierra-Bakhshi, Rebecca Russell, Krista Denning, Uma Sundaram, Travis Salisbury
Summary: Obesity increases the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer through changes in the adipose-derived secretome that mediate the activity of LAT1 and mTOR in breast cancer cells. LAT1 supports mTOR hyperactivation in obese-ADS induced breast cancer cells, which may contribute to breast cancer progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jiaqi Cui, Lin Song, Rui Wang, Shuyuan Hu, Zhao Yang, Zengtie Zhang, Bo Sun, Wei Cui
Summary: This study suggests that maternal metformin during gestation and lactation has the potential to overcome the negative effects of perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet in offspring. This is achieved by altering myogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and dynamics through the AMPK/mTOR pathways in skeletal muscle.
Article
Cell Biology
Wenlan Li, Jennifer Trieu, Ronnie Blazev, Benjamin L. Parker, Kate T. Murphy, Kristy Swiderski, Gordon S. Lynch
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a common condition in cancer patients, where loss of skeletal muscle mass affects treatment response and quality of life. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural antioxidant found in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to decrease oxidative stress. This study investigated whether SFN could attenuate muscle wasting induced by cancer cells and chemotherapy, and found that SFN was able to prevent muscle atrophy and activate antioxidant signaling pathways.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoping Yi, Gaofeng Zhou, Yan Fu, Jinchun Wu, Changyong Chen, Hongyan Zai, Qiongzhi He, Peipei Pang, Haiyan Zhou, Guanghui Gong, Tianxiang Lei, Fengbo Tan, Heli Liu, Bin Li, Bihong T. Chen
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether CT-based sarcopenia could differentiate between KIT/PDGFRA wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumors (wt-GIST) and mutant-type GIST (mu-GIST), and to evaluate the genetic features of GIST. The results showed a significantly higher incidence and more severe sarcopenia in patients with wt-GIST compared to those with mu-GIST. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified sarcopenia score and muscle fat index as independent predictors for higher risk of wt-GIST. The study supported the use of CT-based assessment of sarcopenia in preoperatively differentiating wt-GIST from mu-GIST.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Fatemeh Bagheripour, Sajad Jeddi, Khosrow Kashfi, Asghar Ghasemi
Summary: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. L-citrulline (Cit), a precursor of nitric oxide (NO) production, has been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent for T2D. Cit supplementation in T2D has shown positive effects on glucose, lipid, and antioxidant metabolism through multiple mechanisms, including increased insulin secretion, glucose uptake, lipolysis, and decreased glyceroneogenesis.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Satoshi Nozuma, Eiji Matsuura, Yuichi Tashiro, Ryusei Nagata, Masahiro Ando, Yu Hiramatsu, Yujiro Higuchi, Yusuke Sakiyama, Akihiro Hashiguchi, Kumiko Michizono, Keiko Higashi, Toshio Matsuzaki, Daisuke Kodama, Masakazu Tanaka, Yoshihisa Yamano, Takashi Moritoyo, Ryuji Kubota, Hiroshi Takashima
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of l-arginine in patients with HAM/TSP. The results showed that l-arginine therapy improved motor function and reduced inflammatory markers in the cerebrospinal fluid. Therefore, l-arginine may be a promising therapeutic option for patients with HAM/TSP.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yoriko Sato, Yusuke Sato, Reiko Suzuki, Kodwo Obeng, Fumiaki Yoshizawa
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yusuke Sato, Hideaki Ohtsubo, Naohiro Nihei, Takane Kaneko, Yoriko Sato, Shin-Ichi Adachi, Shinji Kondo, Mako Nakamura, Wataru Mizunoya, Hiroshi Iida, Ryuichi Tatsumi, Cristina Rada, Fumiaki Yoshizawa
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shin-ichi Adachi, Shinji Kondo, Yusuke Sato, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Kazumi Yagasaki
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naomi Watanabe, Yusuke Komiya, Yusuke Sato, Yusuke Watanabe, Takahiro Suzuki, Keizo Arihara
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shoko Sawano, Kento Baba, Yuka Sonoda, Jun-ichiro Wakamatsu, Shozo Tomonaga, Mitsuhiro Furuse, Yusuke Sato, Ryuichi Tatsumi, Yoshihide Ikeuchi, Wataru Mizunoya
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Reiko Suzuki, Yoriko Sato, Kodwo Amuzuah Obeng, Daisuke Suzuki, Yusuke Komiya, Shin-ichi Adachi, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Yusuke Sato
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Reiko Suzuki, Yoriko Sato, Misato Fukaya, Daisuke Suzuki, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Yusuke Sato
Summary: This study investigated the effects of amino acid treatment on energy metabolism in cultured hepatocytes. The results showed that different amino acids have different effects on glycolysis, with phenylalanine and phenylpyruvate inhibiting glycolysis. These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of amino acid treatment on energy metabolism.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shinichiro Koike, Yukihito Kabuyama, Kodwo Amuzuah Obeng, Kunio Sugahara, Yusuke Sato, Fumiaki Yoshizawa
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Misato Fukaya, Yoriko Sato, Shinji Kondo, Shin-ichi Adachi, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Yusuke Sato
Summary: This study demonstrates that quercetin enhances energy metabolism in hepatocytes by promoting lipophagy, leading to increased fatty acid beta-oxidation. Additionally, quercetin can activate AMPK signaling to regulate autophagy even under nutrient-sufficient conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoriko Sato, Keisuke Kawashima, Emiko Fukui, Hiromichi Matsumoto, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Yusuke Sato
Summary: In this study, the function of Tinagl1 in skeletal muscle and capillary development was investigated. The results showed that Tinagl1 is important for normal muscle and capillary development and regulates myogenic differentiation, proliferation, metabolism, and angiogenesis through the activation of the ERK signaling pathway.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kodwo Amuzuah Obeng, Shinji Mochizuki, Shinichiro Koike, Yuka Toyoshima, Yusuke Sato, Fumiaki Yoshizawa
Summary: Tryptophan plays an important role in protein synthesis and acts as a substrate for the generation of bioactive compounds. It also serves as a nutritional signaling molecule that regulates protein synthesis in the liver. This study found that oral administration of tryptophan stimulated protein synthesis in the liver and activated the mTOR pathway.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ryo Nomura, Sho Tsuzuki, Takaaki Kojima, Mao Nagasawa, Yusuke Sato, Masayoshi Uefune, Yasunori Baba, Toshiya Hayashi, Hideo Nakano, Masashi Kato, Motoyuki Shimizu
Summary: Aspergillus oryzae can modulate the gut microbiota and alleviate colitis.
FOOD CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoriko Sato, Hayato Tate, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Yusuke Sato
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hideaki Ohtsubo, Yusuke Sato, Yuji Matsuyoshi, Takahiro Suzuki, Wataru Mizunoya, Mako Nakamura, Ryuichi Tatsumi, Yoshihide Ikeuchi