Inverse relations of serum phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholines with vascular damage and heart rate in patients with atherosclerosis

Background and aims: The rapidly growing discipline of lipidomics allows the study of a wide spectrum of lipid species in body fluids and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. We investigated serum phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) species in relation to arterial stiffness, hemodynamics, and endothelial dysfunction in symptomatic patients with atherosclerosis and in healthy controls. Methods and results: Thirty-two patients with peripheral arterial disease (age 61.7 +/- 9.0 years), 52 patients with coronary artery disease (age 63.2 +/- 9.2 years), and 40 apparently healthy controls (age 60.3 +/- 7.1 years) were studied. Serum levels of 90 glycerophospholipids were determined with the AbsoluteIDQ (TM) p180 kit (BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria). The technique of applanation tonometry was used for non-invasive pulse wave analysis and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) assessment. Decreased serum levels of several individual PC and lysoPC species (e.g., PC aa C28: 1, PC aa C30: 0, PC aa C32: 2, PC ae C30: 0 and PC ae C34: 2, lysoPC a C18: 2) were observed for the patient groups in comparison to the healthy subjects. In addition, a considerable number of PCs and lysoPCs were inversely related to either cf-PWV, heart rate, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) or ADMA/arginine for patients with symptomatic atherosclerosis but not for the controls. Conclusion: We found altered relationships between PC and lysoPC profiles, inflammation, and arterial function in atherosclerotic patients, compared to healthy subjects. (C) 2017 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.