Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haixia Lin, Kelly E. Mercer, Xiawei Ou, Kori Mansfield, Robert Buchmann, Elisabet Borsheim, Emir Tas
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum miRNA profile in children with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results showed that several miRNAs were differentially expressed in children with IR and NAFLD, which may provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hamzeh Karimkhanloo, Stacey N. Keenan, Emily W. Sun, David A. Wattchow, Damien J. Keating, Magdalene K. Montgomery, Matthew J. Watt
Summary: The study reveals a role for CTSS in regulating glycaemic control through direct effects on hepatocytes, leading to improved glucose tolerance and increased plasma insulin in lean mice. CTSS also stimulated GLP-1 secretion without affecting insulin secretion. However, these positive effects of CTSS on glycaemic control are abrogated in insulin resistant states.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rodrigo Fernandez-Verdejo, Lorena Malo-Vintimilla, Juan Gutierrez-Pino, Antonio Lopez-Fuenzalida, Pablo Olmos, Pablo Irarrazaval, Jose E. Galgani
Summary: The study compared individuals with low and high metabolic flexibility in response to an oral glucose tolerance test and found that while metabolic health markers were similar between the two groups, individuals with high metabolic flexibility had higher diastolic blood pressure, enhanced circulating triglyceride clearance, and increased subcutaneous fat.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guanhong Miao, Ying Zhang, Zhiguang Huo, Wenjie Zeng, Jianhui Zhu, Jason G. Umans, Gert Wohlgemuth, Diego Pedrosa, Brian DeFelice, Shelley A. Cole, Amanda M. Fretts, Elisa T. Lee, Barbara V. Howard, Oliver Fiehn, Jinying Zhao
Summary: The study found that alterations in plasma molecular lipids are closely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in American Indians, with various lipid species showing significant impact on T2D risk both at baseline and over time. Aberrant lipid profiles were observed in prediabetes, and longitudinal changes in lipidome were significantly linked to changes in continuous measures of T2D. The findings suggest that lipid dysregulation occurs many years before the onset of T2D and may provide new therapeutic targets for early intervention tailored to American Indians.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hossein Rafiei, Kosar Omidian, Courtney Rochelle Chang, Jonathan Peter Little
Summary: Non-invasive monitoring of insulin in saliva has potential to identify individuals with or at risk for insulin resistance. This study found that changes in saliva insulin levels accurately reflected changes in plasma insulin levels after high-carbohydrate and low-carbohydrate meals. Saliva insulin showed promise as a non-invasive method to distinguish between low and high plasma insulin and predict the degree of insulin resistance, with a 30-45 minute delay compared to plasma insulin.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cherlyn Ding, Leonie Egli, Nabil Bosco, Lijuan Sun, Hui Jen Goh, Khung Keong Yeo, Jonathan Jiunn Liang Yap, Lucas Actis-Goretta, Melvin Khee-Shing Leow, Faidon Magkos
Summary: The study found that plasma BCAA levels were associated with increased insulin secretion and decreased insulin clearance in healthy Chinese subjects. This suggests that BCAA may play an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nils B. Kroemer
Summary: As most studies have mainly focused on the effects of insulin in the brain on men, there is limited understanding of metabolic changes during the menstrual cycle in women. Hummel et al. found that insulin sensitivity is reduced during the luteal phase through intranasal insulin administration and functional MRI.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Henriquez-Olguin, Roberto Meneses-Valdes, Steffen H. Raun, Samantha Gallero, Jonas R. Knudsen, Zhencheng Li, Jingwen Li, Lykke Sylow, Enrique Jaimovich, Thomas E. Jensen
Summary: The study investigates the role of NOX2 in the interaction between diet-induced insulin resistance and exercise training in skeletal muscle. The results suggest that NOX2 deficiency worsens the effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, body composition, and glucose intolerance. Additionally, the lack of NOX2 activity during exercise training reduces several metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yoriko Heianza, Qiaochu Xue, Jennifer Rood, George A. Bray, Frank M. Sacks, Lu Qi
Summary: The circulating levels of miR-128-1-5p are related to the regulation of body fat, insulin resistance, and energy metabolism. Changes in miR-128-1-5p levels are associated with improvements in insulin resistance and adiposity after weight-loss diet interventions, and the associations are modified by habitual physical activity and dietary macronutrient intake.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julian Roos, Meike Dahlhaus, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Monika Kustermann, Gudrun Strauss, Daniel Halbgebauer, Elena Boldrin, Karlheinz Holzmann, Peter Moeller, Bernadette M. Trojanowski, Bernd Baumann, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Martin Wabitsch, Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
Summary: The study revealed that miR-146a regulates adipose tissue inflammation by suppressing the NPR3 gene, thereby impacting the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Agnieszka Zmyslowska, Urszula Smyczynska, Marcin Stanczak, Krzysztof Jeziorny, Agnieszka Szadkowska, Wojciech Fendler, Maciej Borowiec
Summary: This study found that patients with ALMS and BBS syndromes have different circulating miRNA expressions compared to obese individuals and controls. Additionally, eight miRNAs were found to be associated with the course of these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexander Lutsenko, Zhanna Belaya, Alexey Nikitin, Alexander Solodovnikov, Anastasia Lapshina, Philipp Koshkin, Maria Vorontsova, Liudmila Rozhinskaya, Galina Melnichenko, Ivan Dedov
Summary: The study identified and validated the downregulation of plasma miR-4446-3p and miR-215-5p in patients with acromegaly compared to healthy controls using two different techniques, suggesting their potential as promising biomarkers for further research.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma Nilsson, Magdalena Vavakova, Alexander Perfilyev, Johanna Sall, Per-Anders Jansson, Pernille Poulsen, Jonathan Lou S. Esguerra, Lena Eliasson, Allan Vaag, Olga Goransson, Charlotte Ling
Summary: The study found that type 2 diabetes is associated with differential DNA methylation and expression of miRNAs in adipose tissue, and downregulation of the miR-30 family may lead to reduced glucose uptake and altered expression of key genes associated with diabetes.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Linfeng He, Wenbin Zheng, Zeyu Li, Lu Chen, Wen Kong, Tianshu Zeng
Summary: This study found that both high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and FPG within the normal range are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The results revealed a J-shaped relationship between FPG and T2D risk in Chinese and Japanese populations. These findings are important for early prevention and improvement of outcomes for individuals at high risk of T2D.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaehoon Lee, Hee Seung Lee, Soo Been Park, Chanyang Kim, Kahee Kim, Dawoon E. Jung, Si Young Song
Summary: The study aimed to identify non-invasive miRNA markers for early pancreatic cancer diagnosis. A total of 39 miRNA markers were selected from blood serum samples to build a PC diagnosis model, which showed excellent performance in independent sample validation and differential expression in samples from PC patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)