Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Agata Czarnywojtek, Ewa Florek, Krzysztof Pietronczyk, Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj, Marek Ruchala, Ohad Ronen, Iain J. Nixon, Ashok R. Shaha, Juan Pablo Rodrigo, Ralph Patrick Tufano, Mark Zafereo, Gregory William Randolph, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency has received significant attention in medical research due to its role in regulating calcium-phosphorus metabolism and its potential impact on the immune system. Studies have shown that Vitamin D deficiency can affect autoimmune diseases, coeliac disease, infections, and cancer. Recent research has also highlighted its significant role in autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and postpartum thyroiditis. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the role of Vitamin D in autoimmune thyroid diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dania Akeil Abed Alkader, Naweedullah Asadi, Uzma Solangi, Ransherjit Singh, Sayed Farhad Rasuli, Muhammad Jawad Farooq, F. N. U. Raheela, Radeyah Waseem, Syed Mujahid Gilani, Kiran Abbas, Moiz Ahmed, Desmond Boakye Tanoh, Hussain Haider Shah, Ayusha Dulal, Muhammad Sheheryar Hussain, Abdul Subhan Talpur
Summary: There is a significant difference in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Shoko Ito, Shin-ichiro Fujiwara, Rui Murahashi, Hirotomo Nakashima, Sae Matsuoka, Takashi Ikeda, Shin-ichiro Kawaguchi, Yumiko Toda, Tetsuaki Ban, Takashi Nagayama, Kento Umino, Daisuke Minakata, Kaoru Morita, Hirofumi Nakano, Ryoko Yamasaki, Masahiro Ashizawa, Chihiro Yamamoto, Kaoru Hatano, Kazuya Sato, Iekuni Oh, Ken Ohmine, Yoshinobu Kanda
Summary: ITP can coexist with autoimmune thyroid disease, with female sex and positivity for antinuclear antibodies significantly associated with thyroid diseases. Platelet-associated immunoglobulin G levels were higher in patients with Graves' disease than in those with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, while platelet counts were similar between euthyroid patients and those with thyroid disease.
ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Barbara Swiechowicz, Anna Kasielska-Trojan, John T. Manning, Boguslaw Antoszewski
Summary: Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease are autoimmune thyroid diseases that occur more frequently in women. The 2D:4D digit ratio may be associated with prenatal estrogen and testosterone levels. In women, higher 2D:4D is found in those with Hashimoto thyroiditis, while lower 2D:4D is found in those with Graves' disease.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicole Lafontaine, Scott G. Wilson, John P. Walsh
Summary: This review summarizes the current understanding of DNA methylation (DNAm) in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), highlighting differential DNAm in several genes implicated in AITD. However, further replication and functional studies are needed to support the causal roles of these differential DNAm in AITD pathogenesis. Additionally, the influence of thyroid hormones on DNAm and the confounding effects of reverse causation need to be considered. Recent studies suggest a potential mechanism for the association between iodine and AITD through differential DNAm patterns in candidate genes. The research focus is shifting towards epigenome-wide studies to elucidate the role of DNAm in AITD and identify diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rebeca Martinez-Hernandez, Monica Marazuela
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. They have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) due to their regulatory role in a wide range of biological phenomena. Understanding the role of miRNAs could lead to the identification of susceptibility pathways, diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for AITD.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Boshen Gong, Chuyuan Wang, Fanrui Meng, Haoyu Wang, Bo Song, Yang Yang, Zhongyan Shan
Summary: Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is characterized by thyroid dysfunction and deficits in the autoimmune system. Recent studies have shown altered gut microbiota composition in patients with AITD, with changes in alpha diversity and abundance of specific gut microbiota. The meta-analysis indicated an association between AITD and alteration of microbiota composition at the family, genus, and species levels.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sueleyman Nahit Sendur, Seda Hanife Oguz, Ugur Unluturk
Summary: This review summarizes the thyroid disorders associated with COVID-19 vaccination, including subacute thyroiditis, silent thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and Graves' orbitopathy. It outlines the clinical characteristics of each disease and discusses possible pathophysiological mechanisms. The article also highlights areas lacking evidence and proposes a research agenda.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Narantsatsral Daramjav, Junko Takagi, Hideyuki Iwayama, Kaori Uchino, Daisuke Inukai, Kazuo Otake, Tetsuya Ogawa, Akiyoshi Takami
Summary: In 15-20% of cases, Graves' disease shifts to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, while the shift from Hashimoto's to Graves' is rare. We present a case of a patient in whom Hashimoto's disease shifted to Graves', along with a literature review.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Camilla Virili, Ilaria Stramazzo, Marco Centanni
Summary: The intestinal microbiota has a pleiotropic effect on the intestinal barrier, nutrients metabolism, and immune system development and functions. Recent evidence suggests a possible role of altered gut microbiota composition in the pathogenesis and progression of several autoimmune disorders, including thyroid autoimmune diseases.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jialu Xu, Guoqing Huang, Linjie Weng, Luping Gong, Yushan Mao, Yan Li, Mingcai Li
Summary: The study results suggest that serum IL-38 levels are significantly lower in patients with GD and HT compared to healthy controls. In the HT group, serum CRP concentrations were lower than in the HC group. ROC curve analysis indicated that the combination of IL-38 and CRP can be potential diagnostic biomarkers for GD and HT patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yi Wang, Sijie Fang, Huifang Zhou
Summary: Autoimmune thyroid disease, including Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, has a multifactorial etiology involving genetic and environmental factors. The imbalance of T helper cell 1 and 2 has traditionally been implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases, but recent evidence has highlighted the important role of T helper 17 cell in autoimmune thyroid disease. This review aims to summarize the current studies on the involvement of T helper 17 cell in autoimmune thyroid disease and discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms, with potential implications for therapeutic targets.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meihua Jin, Bictdeun Kim, Ahreum Jang, Min Ji Jeon, Young Jun Choi, Yu-Mi Lee, Dong Eun Song, Won Gu Kim
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed cases from a tertiary medical center in Korea, investigating the clinical presentation, radiological and pathological findings of IgG4-related thyroid disease (IgG4-RTD). During the study period, five patients were diagnosed with IgG4-RTD, presenting with neck masses and hypoechogenic nodular lesions on ultrasound. The diagnosis of IgG4-RTD requires clinical suspicion combined with serology and histological analyses using IgG4 immunostaining.
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandro Brancatella, Nicola Viola, Ferruccio Santini, Francesco Latrofa
Summary: The breakdown of self-tolerance to thyroid antigens is the main cause of thyroid autoimmunity. It has been proposed that infectious diseases may trigger autoimmune thyroid diseases. This review focuses on the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Nine cases of Graves' disease and three cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Linjie Weng, Guoqing Huang, Luping Gong, Jialu Xu, Yushan Mao, Yan Li, Mingcai Li
Summary: This study found that serum levels of IL-39 were significantly reduced in patients with HT and GD, suggesting that it may be a new potential predictor for these diseases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ilze Konrade, Julija Zavorikina, Aija Fridvalde, Dmitrijs Rots, Ieva Kalere, Ilze Strumfa, Maija Dambrova, Linda Gailite
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valerija Groma, Mihails Tarasovs, Sandra Skuja, Sofija Semenistaja, Zaiga Nora-Krukle, Simons Svirskis, Modra Murovska
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra Skuja, Simons Svirskis, Modra Murovska
Summary: The study evaluated the infection of HHV-6 and -7 in the brain, finding higher expression of HHV-7 in the temporal gray matter of patients with unspecified encephalopathy. Additionally, HHV-6 predominantly infected oligodendrocytes, while HHV-7 was detected in both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tatjana Zake, Ieva Kalere, Sabine Upmale-Engela, Simons Svirskis, Gita Gersone, Andrejs Skesters, Valerija Groma, Ilze Konrade
Summary: The study found no significant differences in Th17-related cytokine levels in newly diagnosed GD and HT patients. In HT patients, IL-17a levels were positively correlated with other cytokines, while in GD patients, IL-17a levels were positively correlated with IL-22 and IL-23. Plasma selenium levels were negatively correlated with antibody titers in HT patients.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Andrejs Lifsics, Valerija Groma, Maksims Cistjakovs, Sandra Skuja, Renars Deksnis, Modra Murovska
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of HPV16 in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, but the lack of HPV E6/E7 oncoproteins in some tumor samples may suggest the presence of other mechanisms of tumorigenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nityanand Jain, Marks Smirnovs, Samanta Strojeva, Modra Murovska, Sandra Skuja
Summary: Chronic alcoholism and HHV-6 infection have been shown to promote neuroinflammation, especially in the Substantia Nigra (SN) region, resulting in significant changes in microglial functions and morphology. Alcoholics exhibit more inflammatory microglial changes and an increase in Iba1 expression, while HHV-6 infection exacerbates these effects. This highlights the compounding relationship between alcoholism and HHV-6 infection in promoting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra Skuja, Nityanand Jain, Marks Smirnovs, Modra Murovska
Summary: This study investigated the effects of chronic alcoholism on the basement membrane of the blood-brain barrier. It found that alcohol consumption leads to a loss of basement membrane integrity and aggregation of proteins. These structural changes may compromise the blood-brain barrier, making the brain more susceptible to toxins.
Article
Medical Ethics
Nityanand Jain, Andrei Tanasov, Swarali Yatin Chodnekar, Akvile Rakauskaite, Edouard Lansiaux, Sandra Skuja, Aigars Reinis
Summary: The sudden spread of the monkeypox virus has led to increased scientific interest, with over 1,400 PubMed-indexed documents authored by about 5,800 unique authors. More than 30% of the documents are Quantitative Productivity (QP), illustrating emerging trends. There are also hyper-prolific authors previously identified in the COVID-19 literature, indicating continued interest in publishing monkeypox literature.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofija Semenistaja, Sandra Skuja, Anda Kadisa, Valerija Groma
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, chronic, progressive, and severely debilitating joint disease with a complex etiology. The prevalence and incidence of OA have been increasing globally over the past decade. The underlying processes that trigger OA remain unclear due to the diverse and complex mechanisms involved. In synovial joint dysfunction, the cellular phenotypes and functions of the osteochondral unit are altered. The synovial membrane is influenced by cartilage and subchondral bone cleavage fragments as well as degradation products from apoptotic and necrotic cells, leading to low-grade inflammation. This review explores the cellular and molecular communication networks established between the major joint compartments in both normal and OA-affected joints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vija Veisa, Ieva Kalere, Tatjana Zake, Ieva Strele, Marina Makrecka-Kuka, Sabine Upmale-Engela, Andrejs Skesters, Dace Rezeberga, Aivars Lejnieks, Iveta Pudule, Daiga Grinberga, Biruta Velika, Maija Dambrova, Ilze Konrade
Summary: The dietary intake of iodine and selenium among women of reproductive age in Latvia is inadequate, with decreasing use of key sources in recent years and low intake in pregnant women. Although supplement use has increased, most supplements do not contain sufficient amounts of iodine and selenium.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tatjana Zake, Sandra Skuja, Ieva Kalere, Ilze Konrade, Valerija Groma
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Santa Rasa, Svetlana Chapenko, Sandra Skuja, Silvija Roga, Inara Logina, Angelika Krumina, Valerija Groma, Modra Murovska
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2018)