Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Christine Strand Bachmann, Kari Risnes, Johan Hakon Bjorngaard, Jorun Schei, Kristine Pape
Summary: The study examines the impact of relative age on mental health, specifically in preterm infants. The results show that being relatively young within a school class is associated with an increased likelihood of psychostimulant prescription, and this effect persists into young adulthood for preterm individuals.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Javier C. Vazquez, Ona Martin de la Torre, Judit Lopez Palome, Diego Redolar-Ripoll
Summary: Research has shown that caffeine treatment can increase attention and improve learning, memory, and olfactory discrimination without affecting blood pressure and body weight. However, the role of caffeine in modulating ADHD-like symptoms is contradictory, requiring further clarification.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mina Darand, Shirin Hassanizadeh, Fahime Martami, Elham Shareghfarid, Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi, Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
Summary: This study found that a plant-based diet is associated with a lower risk of ADHD in children. Further cohort and clinical studies are necessary to confirm these results.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yoon Jae Cho, Bokyoung Shin, Sung-Ha Lee, Sangmin Park, Yoon-Keun Kim, Jae-Jin Kim, Eunjoo Kim
Summary: This study analyzed urine microbiome profiles to explore the potential of the urine microbiome as a biomarker for pediatric ADHD. The ADHD group showed decreased alpha diversity and significant beta diversity differences compared to the control group. The genus Afipia exhibited significant correlations with ADHD symptoms, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for ADHD.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ozgun Kaya Kara, Hasan Atacan Tonak, Koray Kara, Hazal Sonbahar Ulu, Barkin Kose, Sedef Sahin, Mahmut Zabit Kara
Summary: This study compared the participation, support, and barriers for children with ADHD at home pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 outbreak. Results showed a significant increase in participation frequency in activities like computer games, socializing, and household chores during the COVID-19 period. Mothers reported higher involvement levels and easier participation due to reduced cognitive and social demands, as well as more readily available resources in the home environment during the COVID-19 period.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Najme Ariyan, Sana Nourimoghadam
Summary: This study compared the levels of mindfulness in children with ADHD and typically developing children, as well as their mothers. The findings showed that children with ADHD and their mothers had significantly lower levels of mindfulness compared to typically developing children and their mothers. This suggests that childhood mental disorders like ADHD can reduce mindfulness in children and their mothers.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jian Huang, Yun Wang, Zhaomin Zhong, Yurong Ma, Keru Deng, Changhong Liu, Hui Huang, Yang Liu, Xin Ding, Zhenhui Kang
Summary: This study demonstrates that carbon dots derived from ascorbic acid can improve ADHD behavior by regulating the circadian system and dopamine signaling pathway, offering a potential application for the treatment of ADHD with degradable and bio-safe carbon dots.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Anna Kalenik, Karolina Kardas, Anna Rahnama, Katarzyna Sirojc, Tomasz Wolanczyk
Summary: ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Genetic factors play a main role in its etiology, but emerging research shows the involvement of changes and imbalances in intestinal microbiota. Probiotic supplementation may have a positive effect on ADHD, but more high-quality research is needed to provide robust evidence for therapy.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emilie Martz, Sebastien Weibel, Luisa Weiner
Summary: This study investigates process-oriented verbal fluency measures in adults with ADHD and adults with BD in a hypomanic episode. The results show that both groups exhibit increased switching in the verbal fluency tasks compared to healthy controls. Additionally, the hypomanic group shows increased phonological clustering in the semantic task. These findings suggest that semantic overactivation and unusual sounds-based associations contribute to racing thoughts in both ADHD and BD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hong-Hua Li, Tian-Tian Wang, Han-Yu Dong, Ya-Qin Liu, Fei-Yong Jia
Summary: This study found differences in the recognition of ADHD symptoms between parents and teachers of primary school students, with teachers exhibiting a significantly higher positive screening rate than parents. Parental awareness of ADHD is influenced by factors such as the relationship with children, educational level, children's sex, age and grade, and sources of information on ADHD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Victor Ardulov, Victor R. Martinez, Krishna Somandepalli, Shuting Zheng, Emma Salzman, Catherine Lord, Somer Bishop, Shrikanth Narayanan
Summary: This research utilizes machine learning models and Q-learning algorithm to construct clinical tools with interpretability and robustness, aiding in complex clinical diagnoses. Through simulating the differentiation process of developmental disorders in children, it demonstrates how to train more robust classifiers by maximizing accuracy and minimizing information required.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vincenza Spera, Alessandro Pallucchini, Marco Carli, Marco Maiello, Angelo G. Maremmani, Giulio Perugi, Icro Maremmani
Summary: The study compared demographic, clinical, and symptomatologic features between Dual Disorder A-ADHD (DD/A-ADHD) patients and those without dual disorders (NDD/A-ADHD). Results showed that NDD patients were more likely diagnosed with inattentive ADHD subtype, while DD/A-ADHD patients displayed more severe symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity. Type 1 and Type 2 substance use patterns had different effects on A-ADHD patients, leading to varied implications in diagnostic and therapeutic processes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Victoria Powell, Sharifah Shameem Agha, Rhys Bevan Jones, Olga Eyre, Alice Stephens, Bryony Weavers, Jess Lennon, Judith Allardyce, Robert Potter, Daniel Smith, Anita Thapar, Frances Rice
Summary: Findings suggest that higher ADHD symptoms in mid-life women with recurrent depression are associated with an earlier age of depression onset, higher impairment, increased recurrence of depressive episodes, persistence of subthreshold depression symptoms, higher levels of irritability, and increased risk of self-harm or suicide attempt. ADHD symptoms were also associated with increased risk of hospitalization and receiving non-first-line antidepressant medication.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Rickard Ahlberg, E. Du Rietz, E. Ahnemark, L. M. Andersson, T. Werner-Kiechle, P. Lichtenstein, H. Larsson, M. Garcia-Argibay
Summary: Studies have shown that individuals with ADHD are more likely to experience functional impairments in social and occupational settings, but there is limited evidence on real-life instability. It is also unclear if these impairments differ across sex and throughout adulthood.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cristina Varo, Silvia Amoretti, Giulio Sparacino, Esther Jimenez, Brisa Sole, Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Laura Montejo, Maria Serra, Carla Torrent, Estela Salagre, Antoni Benabarre, Pilar Salgado-Pineda, Irene Montoro Salvatierra, Pilar A. Saiz, Maria Paz Garcia-Portilla, Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Juan Undurraga, Maria Reinares, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Eduard Vieta, Norma Verdolini
Summary: This study found that emotional intelligence is preserved in patients after a first episode mania, but deficits can be observed in patients with chronic bipolar disorder. The severity of the illness and neurocognitive decline may contribute to impairments in emotional intelligence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Imanol Setien-Ramos, Jorge Lugo-Marin, Laura Gisbert-Gustemps, Emiliano Diez-Villoria, Maria Magan-Maganto, Ricardo Canal-Bedia, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: Eye-tracking studies have the potential to effectively differentiate between ASD and non-ASD groups, with fixation duration being an important factor. Active engaged tasks can reduce differences between ASD and non-ASD adults. Proportional fixation duration on eyes and non-social areas in non-active tasks is the optimal design for increasing sensitivity and specificity in ASD adults.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Soler Artigas, Cristina Sanchez-Mora, Paula Rovira, Laura Vilar-Ribo, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: This study investigates the causal relationship between ADHD and various related traits using GWAS data, providing new insights into the understanding and prevention of ADHD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jose Antonio Ramos-Quiroga, Vanesa Richarte, Isabel Soto, Maria Targhetta, John Ward, Nuria Perulero
Summary: This article estimates the prevalence and incidence of ADHD in Spain using a large database and analyzes variations in its treatment. The study finds higher rates of ADHD in children and males compared to adults and females. However, there is underdiagnosis and undertreatment of ADHD in adults, especially in females. The article calls for addressing the lack of diagnostic tools for adults and the variations in treatment across the country.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jose A. Gallardo, Sonia Marin, Antonio J. Ramos, German Cano-Sancho, Vicente Sanchis
Summary: Enniatin B (ENNB) is a mycotoxin produced by moulds from the Fusarium genera, and its toxic effects are still not fully understood, therefore a safe reference exposure value has not been established. ENNB is the most prevalent emerging mycotoxin found in cereal-based products, but there is a lack of comprehensive exposure assessment studies. This study aimed to characterize the occurrence of ENNB and estimate the exposure of the Spanish and Catalan populations. The results showed a high occurrence of ENNB in all foodstuffs analyzed, with a strong correlation with deoxynivalenol levels. Children aged one-nine years had the highest exposure. This study highlights the need for further toxicological data and formal risk assessment considering the co-occurrence with deoxynivalenol.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mireia Forner-Puntonet, Laura Gisbert-Gustemps, Eudald Castell-Panisello, Mauricio Larrarte, Jesus Quintero, Gema Ariceta, Ferran Gran, Ignacio Iglesias-Serrano, Annabella Garcia-Moran, Gemma Espanol-Martin, Pol Ibanez-Jimenez, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate psychopathology, family stress, and coping strategies in families of pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients compared to families of healthy children and adolescents. The results showed that families of SOT recipients exhibited higher levels of anxiety, stress related to childcare and parent-child interaction, and used more avoidance and religious coping strategies, while using fewer social support coping strategies. The study highlights the importance of providing psychological interventions and support for caregivers of SOT patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Gara Arteaga-Henriquez, Laura Gisbert, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with unclear pathogenesis and limited effective therapies. There is evidence suggesting an association between ASD and immune/inflammatory processes, providing a potential pathway for new drug interventions. This review summarizes the latest evidence on the use of immunoregulatory and/or anti-inflammatory agents for managing ASD.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Silvia Alemany, Maria Soler-Artigas, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Dana Fakhreddine, Natalia Llonga, Laura Vilar-Ribo, Amanda Rodriguez-Urrutia, Judit Palacio, Ana Maria Gonzalez-Castro, Beatriz Lobo, Carmen Alonso-Cotoner, Magnus Simren, Javier Santos, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: In this study, a multi-trait genome-wide association study was conducted to explore the genetic overlap between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), neuroticism, depression, and anxiety. The results revealed a polygenic architecture for IBS and identified novel genetic variants associated with the disorder. The analysis also showed bidirectional causal effects between IBS and neuroticism and depression, as well as the genetic liability of IBS on anxiety. These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis and relationships between gastrointestinal and mental disorders.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Vilar-Ribo, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Lourdes Martorell, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Abraham A. Palmer, Elisabet Vilella, Marta Ribases, Gerard Muntane, Maria Soler Artigas
Summary: There is evidence linking ADHD to reduced life expectancy. Individuals with ADHD have a higher mortality rate, which may be caused by unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, social adversity, and mental health problems. The study found a negative genetic correlation between ADHD and parental lifespan, indicating a common genetic background. These findings highlight the importance of ADHD as a health condition that can negatively affect lifespan and future life outcomes.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gemma Espanol-Martin, Mireia Pagerols, Raquel Prat, Cristina Rivas, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Miquel Casas, Rosa Bosch
Summary: Prior research has shown that ADHD, SLD, and SES have an impact on educational outcomes. This study aimed to examine whether SES moderates the association between these neurodevelopmental disorders and academic achievement in Spanish students. The results indicate that ADHD and SLD have a significant impact on academic performance across different socioeconomic backgrounds.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Natalia Calvo, Jorge Lugo Marin, Raquel Vidal, Carla Sharp, Juan D. Duque, Josep-Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marc Ferrer
Summary: This study examines the capacity of the self-report Borderline Personality Features Scale Children-11 (BPFSC-11) to discriminate between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adolescents. The results show that the total BPFSC-11 score has good discriminant capacity among adolescents diagnosed with BPD, ADHD, and healthy volunteers. However, different patterns of discriminative capacity were observed between the three groups for emotional dysregulation and impulsivity/recklessness factors.
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER AND EMOTION DYSREGULATION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rogelio Santiago, Antonio J. Ramos, Ana Cao, Rosa Ana Malvar, Ana Butron
Summary: In temperate regions, maize kernels are susceptible to contamination by the fumonisin-producing fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Maize breeding plays a crucial role in reducing fumonisin contamination, and a pedigree selection program was initiated to obtain inbred lines (EPFUM) with resistance to kernel contamination. The study found that EPFUM hybrids showed better resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination compared to commercial hybrids, indicating their potential in the market. White kernel hybrid EPFUM-4 x EP116 was highlighted as an alternative to dent hybrid cultivation due to its higher market value.
Article
Agronomy
Clara Melguizo, Belen Patino, Antonio J. Ramos, Covadonga Vazquez, Jessica Gil-Serna
Summary: Aspergillus flavus is a xerophilic fungus whose occurrence in vineyards is increasing, but the risk of grape contamination with aflatoxin needs further investigation.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Lin Li, Ebba Du Rietz, Le Zhang, Honghui Yao, Johan Jendle, Josep A. Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Zheng Chang, Isabell Brikell, Samuele Cortese, Henrik Larsson
Summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the association between ADHD and T2D. Our findings suggest that individuals with ADHD have a significantly increased risk of developing T2D, and this association can be largely explained by psychiatric comorbidities. Early identification and treatment of ADHD comorbidities may be crucial in reducing the risk of T2D in individuals with ADHD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
