Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anju Sathyanarayanan, Armin Koehl, Detlef Stammer
Summary: This study investigates mechanisms underlying salinity changes under RCP8.5 forcing conditions using MPI-ESM-MR output data. The research finds that sea surface salinity increases in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, while a basinwide surface freshening is observed in the Pacific and Indian Oceans in future projections.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Mitchell C. Gibbs, Laura M. Parker, Elliot Scanes, Maria Byrne, Wayne A. O'Connor, Pauline M. Ross
Summary: This study confirmed the role of transgenerational plasticity as an acclimatory mechanism for marine organisms to cope with climate change stress, but not all species can equally benefit from it and there are limitations to its effectiveness.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Samuel Barton, Daniel Padfield, Abigail Masterson, Angus Buckling, Nicholas Smirnoff, Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
Summary: Several experimental studies have shown that phytoplankton can adapt rapidly to warmed environments. However, these studies often use different experimental techniques, limiting our ability to compare thermal adaptation across different species. In this study, simultaneous long-term warming experiments were conducted on three phylogenetically diverse species of marine phytoplankton, revealing varying levels of thermal adaptation. Synechococcus sp. displayed the greatest improvement in fitness and thermal tolerance, Ostreococcus tauri showed some improvement but to a lesser extent, and Phaeodoactylum tricornutum showed no signs of adaptation. These findings can enhance our understanding of how phytoplankton communities may change in response to warming and the potential biogeochemical implications.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Paulo Ceppi, Peer Nowack
Summary: Global warming influences Earth's cloud cover, which plays a crucial role in the uncertainty of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS). Through analyzing how clouds respond to environmental changes, global cloud feedback is constrained to 0.43 +/- 0.35 W·m-2·K-1, indicating a robust amplifying effect of clouds on global warming. This approach is expected to provide tighter constraints on climate change projections and its various socioeconomic and ecological impacts.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Fhallon Ware-Gilmore, Mario Novelo, Carla M. Sgro, Matthew D. Hall, Elizabeth A. McGraw
Summary: The geographical range of Aedes aegypti, the mosquito vector for human disease-causing viruses, is expanding due to changing climate. The species' ability to adapt to thermal stress will affect its future distribution. The genetic variation and pathways that confer thermal tolerance are not fully understood. This study investigates the genetic architecture of mosquito thermal tolerance and suggests that other mechanisms besides heat shock may underpin stress response.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Anil Patidar, Mahesh C. C. Yadav, Jyoti Kumari, Shailesh Tiwari, Gautam Chawla, Vijay Paul
Summary: This study investigated the effects of heat stress on 18 morpho-physiological and yield-related traits in 96 bread wheat accessions. Heat stress negatively impacted crop growth and yield-related traits, especially in the delayed sown crop. Tolerant accessions showed better performance in terms of physiological and morphological characteristics under heat stress.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Timothy M. Lenton, Chi Xu, Jesse F. Abrams, Ashish Ghadiali, Sina Loriani, Boris Sakschewski, Caroline Zimm, Kristie L. Ebi, Robert R. Dunn, Jens-Christian Svenning, Marten Scheffer
Summary: The costs of climate change are often expressed in monetary terms, but this brings up ethical concerns. This study calculates the costs in terms of the number of people excluded from the 'human climate niche', which represents the historically consistent distribution of population density with respect to temperature. It was found that current climate policies leading to 2.7 degrees C global warming by the end of the century could leave one-third of the global population outside this niche, emphasizing the urgency for decisive action to address climate change.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jose A. Diaz, Raul Izquierdo-Santiago, Alejandro Llanos-Garrido
Summary: This study analyzed the body temperature data of lizards and found that global warming has already hindered the lizards' ability to regulate their body temperature effectively, resulting in temperatures exceeding the optimal range. The accuracy and effectiveness of thermoregulation have decreased as a result.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nina Paul, Sara C. Novais, Catia S. E. Silva, Susana Mendes, Andreas Kunzmann, Marco F. L. Lemos
Summary: The study showed that predation stress reduced the cellular metabolism and increased protein storage in G. paganellus. Additionally, hyperthermia decreased aerobic mitochondrial metabolism, indicating thermal compensation mechanisms. Thermal stress was the dominant stressor overriding responses to predation stress.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biology
Marta A. Santos, Marta A. Antunes, Afonso Grandela, Ana Carromeu-Santos, Ana S. Quina, Mauro Santos, Margarida Matos, Pedro Simoes
Summary: This study explores the thermal evolution of Drosophila populations and finds significant differences in their response to environmental changes between historically differentiated populations. High latitude populations show improved reproductive success at higher temperatures, while low latitude populations do not. This suggests population variation in the genetic basis for thermal adaptation, which needs to be considered for better predictions of climate change responses.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Jianzhao Tang, Dengpan Xiao, Jing Wang, Yang Li, Huizi Bai, Xuebiao Pan
Summary: This study evaluated the potential impact of climate change on potato yields in China and explored adaptation strategies through adjusting planting dates and cultivars. The results showed that different adaptation measures had varying effects on potato yields under different warming scenarios. By optimizing the combination of planting dates and cultivars, significant increases in potato yields can be achieved.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Kloewer, M. R. Allen, D. S. Lee, S. R. Proud, L. Gallagher, A. Skowron
Summary: Aviation's contribution to global warming exceeds common perceptions, with a significant impact from a mix of climate pollutants despite a relatively low CO2 emission rate. Forecasted simulations suggest that aviation's warming contribution will continue to rise, but measures such as reducing air traffic scale or transitioning to carbon-neutral fuels can effectively mitigate its impact.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhou, Yuan Wen, Bahar S. Razavi, Sebastian Loeppmann, Miles R. Marshall, Huadong Zang, Yakov Kuzyakov, Zhaohai Zeng, Michaela A. Dippold, Evgenia Blagodatskaya
Summary: A study conducted on agroecosystems explored the effects of long-term warming on microbial functions in the soil. It found that higher temperatures led to increased microbial growth but decreased the proportion of growing microbial biomass. The study also showed that increased availability of labile organic matter weakened the thermal acclimation of soil microbial functions. These findings suggest that the predicted impact of climate warming on soil microbe-driven CO2 emissions may be underestimated.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandre K. Magnan, Robert Bell, Virginie K. E. Duvat, James D. Ford, Matthias Garschagen, Marjolijn Haasnoot, Carmen Lacambra, Inigo J. Losada, Katharine J. Mach, Melinda Noblet, Devanathan Parthasaranthy, Marcello Sano, Katharine Vincent, Ariadna Anisimov, Susan Hanson, Alexandra Malmstrom, Robert J. Nicholls, Gundula Winter
Summary: The state of global coastal adaptation is currently halfway towards its full potential, with urban areas generally scoring higher than rural areas. Efforts in adaptation are unbalanced across different dimensions and strategizing for long-term pathways is limited. This assessment provides a multi-dimensional and locally grounded perspective on global coastal adaptation, highlighting the need to refine global adaptation targets and identify priorities transcending development levels.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jim Labisko, Nancy Bunbury, Richard A. Griffiths, Jim J. Groombridge, Lindsay Chong-Seng, Kay S. Bradfield, Jeffrey W. Streicher
Summary: This study reveals that some tropical amphibians have survived episodes of historic warming without the aid of dispersal and therefore may have the capacity to adapt to the currently warming climate. However, local extinction is still a likely outcome for tropical frogs experiencing warming climates in the absence of dispersal corridors to thermal refugia.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alice R. Jones, Heidi K. Alleway, Dominic McAfee, Patrick Reis-Santos, Seth J. Theuerkauf, Robert C. Jones
Summary: Aquaculture is a crucial food source for the growing world population, with mariculture offering a potential climate-friendly, high-protein food option. Sustainable intensification of low-emission mariculture is key to maintaining a low greenhouse gas footprint as production scales up.
Editorial Material
Biodiversity Conservation
Rodrigo Riera, Ricardo Rodriguez, Dominic McAfee, Sean D. Connell
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dominic McAfee, Melanie J. Bishop, Gray A. Williams
Summary: The habitat formed by rock oysters can provide cool microclimates, allowing associated invertebrate communities to remain stable during periods of temperature change. Oyster habitats consistently have lower maximum temperatures and greater thermal stability compared to bare rock habitats.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kate C. Dodds, Nina Schaefer, Melanie J. Bishop, Shinichi Nakagawa, Paul R. Brooks, Antony M. Knights, Elisabeth M. A. Strain
Summary: A meta-analysis of 46 studies reveals that there are no consistent patterns of difference between artificial and natural substrates, or between eco-friendly and standard concrete, in terms of abundance and richness of colonising biota on built structures. However, there are differences in the abundance of organisms between artificial and natural materials, depending on material type and functional group. Polymer and metal support lower abundances of benthic species compared to biogenic materials and rock, while wood has higher abundances of non-indigenous species. Concrete supports greater abundances of the general community, including habitat-forming species, compared to wood.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Francisco Martinez-Baena, Brendan S. Lanham, Ian McLeod, Matthew D. Taylor, Stephen Mcorrie, Melanie J. Bishop
Summary: This study assessed the fish community characteristics and habitat utilization of oyster farms in south-eastern Australia. The results showed that oyster farms supported more fish species than adjacent natural habitats, and the fish communities associated with oyster infrastructure were similar to those of natural biogenic habitats.
AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dominic McAfee, Ian M. McLeod, Heidi K. Alleway, Melanie J. Bishop, Simon Branigan, Sean D. Connell, Craig Copeland, Christine M. Crawford, Ben K. Diggles, James A. Fitzsimons, Ben L. Gilby, Paul Hamer, Boze Hancock, Robert Pearce, Kylie Russell, Chris L. Gillies
Summary: Achieving a sustainable socioecological future requires large-scale environmental repair and a multidisciplinary approach. By generating scientific evidence, community support, and funding, the restoration of a forgotten shellfish reef ecosystem was successfully initiated. Aligning project goals with public and industry interests is crucial for addressing multiple political obligations and achieving large-scale ecosystem repair.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Francisco Martinez-Baena, Brendan S. Lanham, Ian M. McLeod, Matthew D. Taylor, Stephen McOrrie, Alyssa Luongo, Melanie J. Bishop
Summary: This study found that oyster reefs play important roles in supporting fish communities, and they have similar functions as adjacent seagrass beds and mangrove forests. The number of fish observed in oyster reefs is almost double than that in mangroves and seagrass beds, and some fish species are unique to oyster reefs and mangroves containing oysters. These findings contribute to the development of restoration and management strategies that maximize fisheries benefit.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Melanie J. Bishop, Maria L. Vozzo, Mariana Mayer-Pinto, Katherine A. Dafforn
Summary: Urbanization leads to biodiversity loss through habitat homogenization. However, eco-engineering can enhance biodiversity and ecological functions on urban structures. This study found that the effects of complex habitat panels on biodiversity varied depending on the protective features they provided. Water-retaining features and crevices increased biodiversity and supported species otherwise absent. The study highlights the importance of matching eco-engineering interventions to the niche of target species and environmental conditions.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Gemma A. Clifton, Katherine A. Dafforn, Melanie J. Bishop
Summary: Artificial structures such as seawalls are increasingly dominating marine urban environments, resulting in reduced biodiversity compared to natural rocky shore habitats. Adding topographic complexity to seawalls can increase biodiversity, but the effects vary spatially at different sites within an estuary. Proximity to stormdrains and estuarine gradients are not reliable predictors of complexity effects, but complexity tends to have greater positive effects in the outer harbour where biodiversity is higher. The study suggests that knowledge of spatial variation and species pool composition can help predict the ecological benefits of adding complexity to marine built structures.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dominic McAfee, Brittany R. Williams, Lachlan McLeod, Andreas Reuter, Zak Wheaton, Sean D. Connell
Summary: Marine soundscapes play a crucial role in providing navigational cues for larvae searching for suitable habitats. A study conducted in Australia demonstrates that enriching marine soundscapes using speaker technology can significantly boost oyster recruitment and habitat formation. The use of speakers can influence the early recruitment of oysters, resulting in a larger number of large oysters that form three-dimensional habitats.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Kirby Morejohn, Lara Ainley, Jane Williamson, Ryan Nevatte, Libby Liggins, Vivian R. Cumbo, Michael Gillings
Summary: Giant clams are ecologically important in coral reef environments, but they face significant harvest pressure and require accurate management. This research confirms the presence of the giant clam species T. noae in the Cook Islands for the first time and expands its known distribution. Accurate identification of T. noae improves management and conservation efforts in the Cook Islands.
Review
Fisheries
T. P. Stelling-Wood, P. E. Gribben, G. Birch, M. J. Bishop, C. Blount, D. J. Booth, C. Brown, E. Bruce, A. B. Bugnot, M. Byrne, R. G. Creese, K. A. Dafforn, J. Dahlenburg, M. A. Doblin, T. E. Fellowes, A. M. Fowler, M. C. Gibbs, W. Glamore, T. M. Glasby, A. C. Hay, B. Kelaher, N. A. Knott, A. W. D. Larkum, L. M. Parker, E. M. Marzinelli, M. Mayer-Pinto, B. Morgan, S. A. Murray, M. J. Rees, P. M. Ross, M. Roughan, N. Saintilan, E. Scanes, J. R. Seymour, N. Schaefer, I. M. Suthers, M. D. Taylor, J. E. Williamson, A. Vila Concejo, R. J. Whittington, W. F. Figueira
Summary: By systematically reviewing published literature and traditional ecological knowledge, this review highlights the extensive amount of knowledge that exists for Gamay, but also identifies key gaps that need to be filled for effective management.
MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Melanie J. Bishop, Brendan S. Lanham, Juan R. Esquivel-Muelbert, Victoria J. Cole, Kristine M. Faelnar, Charlotte Jenkins, Jillian Keating, Francisco Martinez-Baena, Wayne A. O'Connor
Summary: This paper examines the potential positive and negative interactions between oyster reef restoration and oyster aquaculture industries. Three key factors influencing the strength and direction of interactions are identified: similarity of focal species, physicochemical and socio-economic environment, and open dialogue and consultation. Positive interactions can be maximized through shared infrastructure, resources, and knowledge, as well as utilization of marine spatial planning tools. Open and inclusive dialogue between industries and stakeholders is crucial for mitigating risk and maximizing positive synergies.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nina Schaefer, Francisco Sedano, Melanie J. Bishop, Kate Dunn, M. Hank Haeusler, K. Daniel Yu, Yannis Zavoleas, Katherine A. Dafforn
Summary: Marine artificial structures often have negative impacts on native species diversity and promote the presence of non-indigenous species. However, the addition of complex habitat and bioreceptive materials can help mitigate these effects. In this study, the effects of structural complexity and concrete mixture on recruitment were investigated. The results showed that complex tiles had less algal cover, while mixtures with oyster shell supported higher cover of sessile species. The non-indigenous ascidian Styela plicata dominated complex tiles at a low tidal elevation.
Article
Environmental Studies
Dominic McAfee, Georgina Drew, Sean D. Connell
Summary: This paper explores ways for researchers to engage stakeholders and improve marine restoration practices by incorporating culturally informed socio-economic well-being into restoration practice.
EARTH SYSTEM GOVERNANCE
(2022)