A Comprehensive Review on Recent Developments in the Field of Biological Applications of Potent Pyrazolines Derived from Chalcone Precursors

Background: Pyrazoline scaffold is a key structural motif found among pharmaceutically active molecules including synthetic and natural products. The molecules with pyrazoline backbone from natural as well as synthetic origin are investigated worldwide for the development of efficient and potent drugs. Over the past few years, pyrazoline derivatives are used for the treatment of diverse dreadful diseases including malaria, cardiovascular, tumor, HIV, diabetes, tuberculosis, infections, inflammation, etc. Objective: The main objective of this review article is to emphasize on the recent efforts of researchers to study and understand the pharmacological aspects of various pyrazolines and their analogues derived from chalcone derivatives. Methods: A well known synthetic method for the preparation of pyrazolines is the ring closure reaction of alpha, beta unsaturated ketones with nitrogen based nucleophiles like hydrazine and its derivatives. The synthetic manipulations of pyrazoline derivatives offer a high degree of varied medicinal properties with improved potency and good pharmacological actions. Results: The present review compiles the different synthetic methods to arrive at diversely substituted pyrazoline derivatives. It presents the biological evaluations such as, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidepressant, antimalarial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antidiabetic, antitubercular, anticancer and anticonvulsant properties and also documents the utility of these compounds based on their potency. Conclusion: This review presents that the synthetic pyrazolines are excellent scaffolds which possess multiple biological and medicinal properties.