期刊
JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
卷 46, 期 -, 页码 117-127出版社
ELSEVIER GMBH
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.12.005
关键词
Zn; Diabetes; Akt; Insulin resistance; Nrf2; Oxidative stress; Apoptosis; Epigenetic regulation; Autophagy
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81400725]
- Jilin University Bethune Foundation [2015201]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province [20160101030JC]
Zinc is one of the essential trace elements and participates in numerous physiological processes. Abnormalities in zinc homeostasis often result in the pathogenesis of various chronic metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and its complications. Zinc has insulin-mimetic and anti-diabetic effects and deficiency has been shown to aggravate diabetes-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury in diabetic rodent models and human subjects with diabetes. Akt signaling pathway plays a central role in insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and cell survival. Anti diabetic effects of zinc are largely dependent on the activation of Akt signaling. Zn is also an inducer of metallothionein that plays important role in anti-oxidative stress and damage. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying zinc-induced activation of Akt signaling pathway remains to be elucidated. This review summarizes the recent advances in deciphering the possible mechanisms of zinc on Akt-mediated insulin and cell survival signaling pathways in diabetes conditions. Insights into the effects of zinc on epigenetic regulation and autophagy in diabetic nephropathy are also discussed in the latter part of this review.
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