Article
Clinical Neurology
Dae Lim Koo, Kwang Ik Yang, Jee Hyun Kim, Daeyoung Kim, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Young Hwangbo, Hwa Reung Lee, Seung Bong Hong
Summary: Eveningness preference and insufficient weekday sleep duration were associated with an increased risk for depression, while weekend catch-up sleep durations >= 2 hr reduced the risk for depression. Factors like female gender, underweight or obese body weight, short weekday sleep durations, excessive daytime sleepiness, and perceived insufficiency of sleep were linked to a higher risk of depression among late adolescents.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Zijian Peng, Lin Wu
Summary: The rapid development of China's economy has resulted in a significant wealth gap, leading to challenges to people's physical and mental health due to the effects of social changes. Research based on survey data shows that relative income deprivation decreases the probability of having normal sleep duration. The study suggests that in Chinese society, the relative deprivation of individual income affects sleep duration by altering social trust. Therefore, reducing income inequality, increasing the income of low-income groups, and promoting interpersonal trust are important for ensuring that social members can have normal sleep duration.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Economics
Jad Beyhum, Samuele Centorrino, Jean-Pierre Florens, Ingrid Van Keilegom
Summary: This article focuses on identifying and estimating the causal effect of time Z until a subject is treated on the duration T. Non-random assignment of time-to-treatment and random censorship of T by variable C are accounted for, with time-to-treatment Z being censored by T - C. Endogeneity is addressed using an instrumental variable independent of the model's error term. The methodology includes nonparametric identification conditions and proposes an estimation procedure that yields asymptotically normal estimators with good finite sample properties.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin S. O'Connell, Oleksandr Frei, Shahram Bahrami, Olav B. Smeland, Francesco Bettella, Weiqiu Cheng, Yunhan Chu, Guy Hindley, Aihua Lin, Alexey Shadrin, Elizabeth Ann Barrett, Trine Vik Lagerberg, Nils Eiel Steen, Anders M. Dale, Srdjan Djurovic, Ole A. Andreassen
Summary: The study reveals extensive genetic overlap between psychiatric disorders and sleep-related phenotypes, with moderate levels of congruence. Specific shared loci have been identified and mapped to 70 credible genes. These findings offer new opportunities for future research.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Arcady A. Putilov, Dmitry S. Sveshnikov, Zarina B. Bakaeva, Elena B. Yakunina, Yuri P. Starshinov, Vladimir Torshin, Nikolay N. Alipov, Olga Sergeeva, Elena A. Trutneva, Michael M. Lapkin, Zhanna N. Lopatskaya, Roman O. Budkevich, Elena Budkevich, Alexandra N. Puchkova, Vladimir B. Dorokhov
Summary: This study found that female university students are more likely to feel sleepy compared to male students and have a greater need for longer sleep, potentially making them more susceptible to weekday sleep loss. Therefore, the negative effects of reduced sleep duration may be more common and more detrimental among female students.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammed Y. Khanji, Shahid Karim, Jackie Cooper, Anwar Chahal, Nay Aung, Virend K. Somers, Stefan Neubauer, Steffen E. Petersen
Summary: Sleep duration and chronotype were found to be associated with cardiac structure and function. Longer sleep duration was associated with smaller left ventricular mass, left atrial volume, and right ventricular volume. Evening chronotype was associated with smaller left ventricular and right ventricular volumes, as well as reduced right ventricular function compared to morning chronotype.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Arcady A. Putilov, Olga G. Donskaya
Summary: The two-process conceptualization of sleep-wake regulation suggests that the biological differences between morning and evening types in sleep timing and duration might be related to the circadian process or the homeostatic process. This study tested whether morning and evening types have similar homeostatic processes to achieve adequate sleep on free days and simulated the sleep-wake patterns using a model of sleep-wake regulation. The results showed that the homeostatic components of sleep-wake regulation were identical in morning and evening types of the same age, and the observed differences in sleep timing and duration on weekdays and weekends can be attributed to differences in the circadian process between chronotypes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuwei Peng, Jianchen Bu, Neng Dai, Chen Huang, Yahang Liu, Hui Yang, Ruilang Lin, Guoyou Qin, Yongfu Yu, Jiaohua Chen
Summary: Insufficient and excessive nocturnal sleep duration were both associated with increased risk of functional disability in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Higher degree of nocturnal sleep changes also increased the probability of functional disability.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tina T. Vo, Shandell Pahlen, William S. Kremen, Matt McGue, Anna Dahl Aslan, Marianne Nygaard, Kaare Christensen, Chandra A. Reynolds
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between sleep and genetic/environmental factors contributing to cognitive function. The findings suggest that sleep duration moderates the genetic and environmental contributions to specific cognitive abilities, with genetic factors having a greater influence on cognitive function in shorter sleep durations and environmental factors playing a larger role in longer sleep durations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yue Leng, Sarah F. Ackley, Maria M. Glymour, Kristine Yaffe, Willa D. Brenowitz
Summary: Growing evidence suggests an association between sleep duration and Alzheimer's disease. This study found that genetic liability for AD may predict sleep duration, with a higher AD-GRS score associated with shorter sleep, especially in those aged 55 and older. Using AD-GRS as an instrumental variable, incipient AD was found to reduce sleep duration by 1.87 hours.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Minglan Yu, Yanhong Du, Kezhi Liu, Xuemei Liang, Chaohua Huang, Rongfang He, Wei Lei, Jing Chen, Jianlin Chen, Youguo Tan, Bo Xiang
Summary: The study reveals significant genetic correlations between auditory hallucinations and insomnia complaints, sleep duration, and ease of getting up in the morning. There is a high genetic correlation between visual hallucinations and insomnia complaints. Mendelian randomization indicates a unidirectional causal relationship between sleep duration and auditory hallucinations, suggesting that addressing sleep problems should be a priority in mental health services.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yujia Ma, Zechen Zhou, Xiaoyi Li, Zeyu Yan, Kexin Ding, Han Xiao, Yiqun Wu, Tao Wu, Dafang Chen
Summary: This study provides evidence for the polygenic overlap between diabetic traits and sleep traits, with the expression of PMPCA possibly playing a crucial role and supporting the adverse effect of being an evening person on diabetes risk.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shiqi Yuan, Wen Ma, Rui Yang, Fengshuo Xu, Didi Han, Tao Huang, MIn Peng, Anding Xu, Jun Lyu
Summary: In the UK Biobank population, long sleep duration (> 9 h/night) is significantly associated with a higher risk of AD, regardless of high, intermediate, or low AD-GRS. Prolonged sleep duration may be one of the clinical predictors of a higher risk of AD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peilin Meng, Chuyu Pan, Shiqiang Cheng, Chun'e Li, Yao Yao, Li Liu, Bolun Cheng, Xuena Yang, Zhen Zhang, Yujing Chen, Jingxi Zhang, Huijie Zhang, Yan Wen, Yumeng Jia, Xiong Guo, Feng Zhang
Summary: This study conducted an exome-wide association study based on the UK Biobank dataset to explore the roles of rare genetic variants in sleep duration. The study identified two novel candidate genes, TMIE and ZIC2, that are significantly associated with sleep duration. These genes were also found to be associated with various mental traits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karlijn Groen, Joanne J. van der Vis, Aernoud A. van Batenburg, Karin M. Kazemier, Jan C. Grutters, Coline H. M. van Moorsel
Summary: In families with pulmonary fibrosis (PF), a genetic cause is only found in about 40% of cases. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis can help identify new genetic variants in novel genes related to PF. In this study, we detected known PF gene variants in unrelated patients and found overlapping variants. We also identified two novel variants of interest in the WES data, suggesting potential new PF genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Steph Suddell, Maren Muller-Glodde, Jim Lumsden, Chung Yen Looi, Kiri Granger, Jennifer H. Barnett, Oliver J. Robinson, Marcus R. Munafo, Ian S. Penton-Voak
Summary: These studies demonstrate the effectiveness of delivering a multi-session online training program to promote lasting cognitive changes. However, there is currently no clear evidence that these changes can improve symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, there is evidence that individuals with more depressive symptoms at baseline experienced improved quality of life following the training.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Catherine Hobbs, Jie Sui, David Kessler, Marcus R. Munafo, Katherine S. Button
Summary: This study examined the cognitive differences in self-reference, emotion, and reward processing among individuals with depression. The results showed that there was little association between self-reference and depression when measured independently. However, when self-reference was combined with emotion and reward processing, depression was associated with an increased positive bias towards others.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chloe Slaney, Adam M. Perkins, Robert Davis, Ian Penton-Voak, Marcus R. Munafo, Conor J. Houghton, Emma S. J. Robinson
Summary: Anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, is poorly understood. This study examined reward motivation and sensitivity in individuals with high and low anhedonia. The results suggest that anhedonia is associated with impairments in decision-making and reward sensitivity.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ymkje Anna de Vries, Robert A. Schoevers, Julian P. T. Higgins, Marcus R. Munafo, Jojanneke A. Bastiaansen
Summary: Statistical power is generally low in trials of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and complementary and alternative medicine for mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders. Underpowered studies tend to produce larger effect sizes, indicating the presence of reporting bias. Increasing sample sizes and reducing bias are necessary to improve the reliability of published literature in this field.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Anna K. M. Blackwell, Mark A. Pilling, Katie De-Loyde, Richard W. Morris, Laura A. Brocklebank, Theresa M. Marteau, Marcus R. Munafo
Summary: The visibility and proportion of e-cigarette images in retail displays do not appear to affect children's susceptibility to smoking, but viewing a higher proportion of e-cigarette images increases susceptibility to smoking among regular store visitors or those paying more attention. Additionally, higher visibility e-cigarette display images reduce perceived harm of smoking.
Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Jasmine N. Khouja, Marcus R. Munafo
Article
Substance Abuse
Ilse Lee, Anna K. M. Blackwell, Alice Hobson, Danielle Wiggers, David Hammond, Katie De-Loyde, Mark A. Pilling, Gareth J. Hollands, Marcus R. Munafo, Theresa M. Marteau
Summary: This study found that reducing the number of cigarettes per pack from 25 to 20 can decrease the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Wonuola A. Akingbuwa, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Andrea G. Allegrini, Hannah Sallis, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Kaili Rimfeld, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundstrom, Marcus R. Munafo, Robert Plomin, Michel G. Nivard, Meike Bartels, Christel M. Middeldorp
Summary: Genetic factors partially explain the associations between childhood psychopathology and adult outcomes. Specific adult traits are genetically associated with childhood psychopathology, such as major depression being associated with ADHD, internalizing problems, and social problems. Additionally, educational attainment, BMI, and neuroticism have genetic associations with specific childhood phenotypes, while bipolar disorder, subjective well-being, and insomnia are not associated with any childhood traits.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Virginia Carter Leno, Hannah Pickard, Liliana Cybulska, Tim Smith, Marcus Munafo, Ian Penton-Voak, Emily Simonoff, Andrew Pickles, Rachael Bedford
Summary: This study examined the relationship between autism and callous-unemotional (CU) traits and emotion recognition difficulties. It found that autism traits were associated with decreased emotion recognition in the cued condition, while CU traits were associated with decreased emotion recognition in the uncued condition but better fear recognition when cued to the eyes. The results suggest that interventions promoting eye gaze may benefit children with CU traits, but not those with autistic characteristics.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgina Russell, Konstantinos Kalafatakis, Claire Durant, Nicola Marchant, Jamini Thakrar, Russell Thirard, Jade King, Jane Bowles, Thomas Upton, Ngoc Jade Thai, Jonathan C. W. Brooks, Aileen Wilson, Kirsty Phillips, Stuart Ferguson, Meryem Grabski, Chris A. Rogers, Theodoros Lampros, Sue Wilson, Catherine Harmer, Marcus Munafo, Stafford L. Lightman
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pump therapy on quality of life, mood, functional neuroimaging, behavioral and cognitive responses, sleep, and metabolism in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency. The results showed subjective improvements in fatigue and mood with pump therapy, and functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed differential neural processing to emotional cues and visual stimulation.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jess Butler, Neil Jacobs, Malcolm Macleod, Marcus Munafo
Summary: There is a growing awareness that academic research could benefit from improvements, including open and transparent practices. The UK Reproducibility Network, along with other similar initiatives globally, is promoting rigorous and transparent research to address this issue.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Iob, Jean-Baptiste R. Pingault, Marcus R. Munafo, Brendon S. Stubbs, Mark S. X. Gilthorpe, Adam X. Maihofer, Andrea Danese
Summary: Observational studies suggest that physical activity can reduce the risk of mental health and substance use disorders. The bidirectional causal relationship of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with various mental health and substance use disorders was investigated using two-sample Mendelian Randomisation. The results indicated that physical activity was associated with a lower risk of depression and cigarette smoking, while sedentary behaviour decreased the risk of anorexia and schizophrenia.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Benjamin Woolf, Hannah M. Sallis, Marcus R. Munafo, Dipender Gill
Summary: This study used the method of genome-wide association study (GWAS) by subtraction to derive genome-wide summary statistics for paternal smoking from existing summary statistics. We derived a weighted linear model based on the laws of inherence and implemented it to subtract the summary statistics of a GWAS of maternal smoking from a GWAS of the index individual's smoking. A Monte-Carlo simulation was used to validate the model and showed similar performance to a traditional GWAS. The summary statistics were further validated in a Mendelian randomisation analysis, demonstrating an association of genetically predicted paternal smoking with paternal lung cancer and emphysema.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Benjamin Woolf, Dipender Gill, Hannah Sallis, Marcus R. Munafo
Summary: This study investigates the use of multivariable instrumental variables to address the adjustment problem in Mendelian randomisation analysis using smoking or lung function related phenotypes in the UK Biobank. The results suggest that multivariable instrumental variables analyses can attenuate potential collider bias, and adjusting for genotyping chip only introduces a small amount of bias.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Katherine Lloyd, Sean Harrison, Hannah M. Sallis, George Davey Smith, Marcus R. Munafo, Robyn E. Wootton
Summary: This study investigates the causal relationship between headache and smoking using Mendelian randomization. The findings suggest a weak bidirectional causal relationship between smoking behaviors and headache, indicating that they may share common risk factors such as personality traits.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)