Article
Mechanics
Stylianos Varchanis, Simon J. Haward, Cameron C. Hopkins, John Tsamopoulos, Amy Q. Shen
Summary: Wormlike micellar solutions exhibit complex rheological behavior, including shear banding and non-monotonic flow curves. In this study, four constitutive models (Johnson-Segalman, Giesekus, thixotropic viscoelastic, and Vasquez-Cook-McKinley) are systematically analyzed to predict the rheology of entangled wormlike micellar solutions with shear banding characteristics. The Giesekus model is found to be the most suitable for simulating the shear banding behavior in flows with both shear and extensional deformations. However, there is a quantitative mismatch between model predictions and experimental data, indicating the need for improved constitutive models in future works.
JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Carlos R. Lopez-Barron, Fernando Vargas-Lara
Summary: This study evaluates the tack performance of alpha-olefin molecular bottlebrushes with an elastic modulus 4 to 30 times lower than linear polyolefin (polypropylene). The results show that the tack parameters increase monotonically with the increase of bottlebrush side chain length (Nsc) and the decrease of modulus. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the monomeric bonding energy increases with Nscdue to a strong van der Waals interaction between the side chains and the aluminum sheet, overcoming the energy penalty imposed by side-chain bending.
Article
Polymer Science
Carlos R. Lopez-Barron, Fernando Vargas-Lara
Summary: Polymer softness is important for good tack in adhesives. We studied the tack performance of alpha-olefin molecular bottlebrushes with a lower elastic modulus compared to linear polyolefin. The tack parameters increased as the bottlebrush side chain length increased and the modulus decreased. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the bonding energy increased with side chain length due to strong van der Waals interactions between the side chains and the aluminum sheet.
Article
Telecommunications
Amin Jamali, Mehdi Berenjkoub, Hossein Saidi, Behrouz Shahgholi Ghahfarokhi
Summary: In this paper, a model for quantifying the survivability of networks carrying complex traffic flows is proposed. The model takes into account the general multi-rate and heterogeneous nature of complex network traffic, where individual bandwidth demands can aggregate in complex, nonlinear ways. The study investigates arbitrary and known topologies, as well as independent and dependent failure scenarios and deterministic and random traffic models. Finally, survivability evaluation results for different network configurations are provided, showing that using about 50% of the link capacity in networks with a relatively high number of links can keep the blocking probability near zero even in the case of a limited number of failures.
DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
J. D. Peterson, M. E. Cates
Summary: A complex relationship exists between reversible polymerization reactions and stress relaxation dynamics in well-entangled living polymers. New computationally efficient partial differential equation models have been introduced for linear and nonlinear rheology calculations, providing insights into the rheological contribution from different sectors of the molecular weight distribution. Two constitutive models, LRP-f and STARM-E, are evaluated for nonlinear rheology in systems of well-entangled living polymers, with both models capable of producing similar results despite differing assumptions and approximations.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Matthew Aultman, Zhenyu Wang, Rodrigo Auza-Gutierrez, Lian Duan
Summary: A comprehensive evaluation was conducted to assess the predictive capability and computational costs of different methodologies for flow around car models. The results showed that while all methods predicted drag within approximately 10% of experimental values, RANS was not accurate in regions with developing flow separation. In contrast, unsteady methods proved to be more accurate and robust, although the performance for flow around rotating wheels was inconclusive. LBM provided comparable accuracy to unsteady methods with reduced costs.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Simon J. Haward, Cameron C. Hopkins, Stylianos Varchanis, Amy Q. Shen
Summary: Flow around a cylinder is a classical problem in fluid dynamics and important for understanding microscale industrial and biological processes. Recent studies on model microfluidic geometries have provided insights into novel flow instabilities in viscoelastic flows.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Xiaoqin Lei, Xiaoqing Chen, Zongji Yang, Siming He, Lei Zhu, Heng Liang
Summary: This paper presents a simple yet robust modelling framework based on MPM for simulating granular flows over complex terrains. By using fixed rigid material points and a multi-material contact model, interactions between complex terrain and non-rigid sliding materials are accurately handled. Through validation and experimental results, the effectiveness and robustness of the framework are demonstrated.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Zipeng Xu, Ruikun Sun, Wei Lu, Shalin Patil, Jimmy Mays, Kenneth S. Schweizer, Shiwang Cheng
Summary: Understanding the nonequilibrium dynamics of topologically entangled polymers under strong external deformation has been a grand challenge in polymer science for more than half a century. This article presents new experimental and theoretical developments to investigate the steady-state shear viscosity of entangled polymer melts at high Rouse Weissenberg numbers. The results reveal shear-thinning behavior and a dynamic scaling model is proposed to explain this behavior.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Dominik Gehringer, Martin Friak, David Holec
Summary: We present a Python package for generating special quasi-random structures (SQS) for atomic-scale calculations of disordered systems. The package offers efficient optimization methods and analysis tools for finding optimal structures and quantifying randomness. It also provides a command-line interface and Python API for easy integration into complex simulation workflows.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Robotics
Thomas Power, Dmitry Berenson
Summary: LVSPC is a novel method for learning to control systems with complex dynamics and high-dimensional state spaces from images. It leverages a simple model approximation and Model Predictive Control to achieve impressive performance with less data.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Hamid Taghipour, Salvatore Costanzo, Dimitris Vlassopoulos, Evelyne van Ruymbeke, Laurence G. D. Hawke
Summary: This study evaluates the shear response of entangled linear polymers and proposes alternative directions to improve the GLaMM model by considering finite extensibility and overlooked mechanisms. The sensitivity of the GLaMM model to contour length fluctuations and the potential enhancements with the increase of Rouse-Weissenberg number are discussed. By using the time marching algorithm, an alternative approach based on steady-state description is proposed, which accurately reproduces experimental steady-state viscosities.
JOURNAL OF RHEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Gaoyan Zhu, Chengjie Zhang, Kunkun Wang, Lei Xiao, Peng Xue
Summary: We experimentally demonstrate a method for detecting entanglement using a limited set of local measurements. The method does not require prior knowledge about the form of entanglement witnesses and has been successfully applied to both pure and mixed two-qubit entangled states. The results show the validity of the method and provide a practical test bed for entanglement witness experiments.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ryan M. Bright, Diego G. Miralles, Rafael Poyatos, Stephanie Eisner
Summary: This study used sap flow and eddy-covariance measurement systems to estimate daily transpiration and evaluated the predictive capability of big leaf models using the triple collocation technique. The results showed that simpler models achieved higher accuracy and signal-to-noise levels when optimally configured. The optimal configurations included key plant functional type dependent parameters, daily leaf area index (LAI), and constraints based on atmospheric moisture demand and soil moisture supply.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gilbert Hinge, Jay Piplodiya, Ashutosh Sharma, Mohamed A. Hamouda, Mohamed M. Mohamed
Summary: Drought forecasting is crucial for risk management and preparedness of drought mitigation measures. In this study, researchers evaluated the effectiveness of multiple linear regression, artificial neural network, and two wavelet techniques for drought forecasting. They found that the hybrid WPT-MLR model was the best choice for the study area.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Konstantinos Giannokostas, Yannis Dimakopoulos, Andreas Anayiotos, John Tsamopoulos
Summary: This study focuses on the in-silico investigation of steady-state blood flow in straight microtubes, incorporating advanced constitutive modeling for human blood and blood plasma. The research demonstrates the microstructural configuration of blood in steady-state conditions, revealing highly aggregated blood in narrow tubes, and the extension of plasmatic proteins in the flow direction at high pressure-gradients generating large axial normal stresses. Predictions of normal stress at both the blood/plasma interface and the tube wall show significant differences in magnitude and type of variation, with INS linearly decreasing from 4.5 to 2 Pa and WNS exponentially decreasing from 50 mPa to zero with decreasing tube radius.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
S. Varchanis, A. Kordalis, Y. Dimakopoulos, J. Tsamopoulos
Summary: In this study, the finite-extensible Giesekus viscoelastic constitutive equation was used to model viscoelastic fluidlike adhesives and analyze their response during the debonding process from a rigid surface. Through numerical simulations, it was observed that the interaction and deformation of preexisting cavities at the adhesive-solid interface led to fibrillation of the sample, resulting in loss of adhesion. Parametric analysis was also conducted to understand the impact of rheological and geometrical properties on the adhesion energy of the material.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Vlasis Mitsoulas, Stylianos Varchanis, Yannis Dimakopoulos, John Tsamopoulos
Summary: The response of the endothelial glycocalyx (EG) to variations of the hemodynamic environment is crucial for maintaining blood vessel permeability and blood component balance. This study investigates the influence of geometric features and mechanical properties of individual fibers on the apparent permeability of EG, using modeling and experimental predictions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
D. Pettas, G. Karapetsas, Y. Dimakopoulos, J. Tsamopoulos
Summary: We investigated the flow of a Newtonian liquid film over an inclined hydrophobic wall textured with periodical microgrooves. Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, we explored the stability of the liquid flow under the influence of inertia, viscous, and capillary forces, as well as substrate wettability and geometric characteristics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
K. Giannokostas, Y. Dimakopoulos, J. Tsamopoulos
Summary: We studied the steady hemodynamics in physiological elastic microvessels using a fluid-structure interaction model. The model takes into account tissue deformation, blood flow, and other factors, and has been validated through calculations and comparisons.
BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Konstantina Psaraki, Vlasios Mitsoulas, Stavros Pavlou, Yannis Dimakopoulos
Summary: We investigated the effects of variations in critical shearing parameters on the response of an endothelial cell monolayer. Specifically, we developed a rheometric emulation method that accounts for the interaction between blood plasma and deformable endothelial cells. Our findings provide quantitative predictions for the stresses on different cell compartments and their structural changes. In addition, we highlight the significance of the variation of Wall Shear Stress (WSS) along the cell membrane and its dependence on cell shape.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Alexandros Syrakos, Oliver Oxtoby, Eugene de Villiers, Stylianos Varchanis, Yannis Dimakopoulos, John Tsamopoulos
Summary: This paper proposes a series of gradient reconstruction schemes based on orthogonal or oblique projections to solve over-determined systems. The schemes include weighted least-squares gradients and variations of consistent Green-Gauss gradients. Through testing and comparison on various grids, it is found that there may be numerical instability on high aspect ratio grids, and guidelines are provided for safely using weights within the least squares methods.
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
G. Esposito, Y. Dimakopoulos, J. Tsamopoulos
Summary: This study investigates the motion of a viscous drop rising in a viscoelastic liquid with elastic and shear thinning effects. The numerical predictions are validated by comparing them with experimental data, showing agreement in terminal velocities and drop shapes. The interplay of viscous, elastic, and capillary forces is explored through a parametric study. Key findings include the transformation of a spherical drop into one with a cusp and an extended tail due to increasing material elasticity, and the confirmation that viscoelastic materials can encapsulate liquid drops generated by liquid filaments.
JOURNAL OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eleni Kouni, Pantelis Moschopoulos, Yannis Dimakopoulos, John Tsamopoulos
Summary: When a charged particle moves through a solution, the surrounding electric double layer deforms in response to fluid motion, creating an electric force opposite to the particle's direction of motion, which reduces its settling velocity. This phenomenon combines fluid mechanics and electrodynamics, and differs from the classical problem of an uncharged sedimenting particle. Its applications range from mechanical to biomedical fields.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Kordalis, D. Pema, S. Androulakis, Y. Dimakopoulos, J. Tsamopoulos
Summary: This study investigates the buoyancy-driven rise and interaction between two coaxial bubbles in an elastoviscoplastic material. The development of a shear stress bridge between the bubbles decreases drag force on the trailing bubble, initiating their approach. The material's solidlike behavior makes it softer for the trailing bubble. Normal stresses primarily extend the bubbles, but the leading bubble eventually adopts a less favorable shape that slows it down. Geometric characteristics and material properties also affect the approach time.
PHYSICAL REVIEW FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
P. Moschopoulos, E. Kouni, K. Psaraki, Y. Dimakopoulos, J. Tsamopoulos
Summary: This study investigates the stretching dynamics of a yield stress material with both elastic and viscoplastic behavior. The material forms a cylindrical liquid bridge initially and then a neck when subjected to stretching between coaxial disks. Theoretical analysis shows that an elongated thin neck is formed due to elasticity, connecting the upper and lower parts of the bridge. The findings suggest that the consideration of elasticity affects the pinching times and filament length in filament stretching procedures of yield stress materials.