期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
卷 51, 期 41, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1751-8121/aabe9c
关键词
quantum information; resource theory; imaginarity; quantum coherence
资金
- NSERC under an Undergraduate Student Research Award
- NSERC
The use of imaginary numbers in modelling quantum mechanical systems encompasses the wave-like nature of quantum states. Here we introduce a resource theoretic framework for imaginarity, where the free states are taken to be those with density matrices that are real with respect to a fixed basis. This theory is closely related to the resource theory of coherence, as it is basis dependent, and the imaginary numbers appear in the off-diagonal elements of the density matrix. Unlike coherence however, the set of physically realizable free operations is identical to both completely resource non-generating (RNG) operations, and stochastically RNG operations. Moreover, the resource theory of imaginarity does not have a self-adjoint resource destroying map. After introducing and characterizing the free operations, we provide several measures of imaginarity, and give necessary and sufficient conditions for pure state transformations via physically consistent free operations in the single shot regime.
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