Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mei Xin Chen, Ya Qian Bai, Xin Na Guan, Jia Wei Chen, Jing Hui Zeng
Summary: The study demonstrates that the passivation layer formed by phosphate can significantly improve the photovoltaic performance of solar cells by inhibiting the internal charge recombination process, leading to a 33.5% efficiency enhancement compared to unpassivated reference cells.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanli Shi, Xiaowen Zhou, Yuan Lin, Jianguang Jia
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of surface passivation on the performance of quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). The results show that using a ZnS/ZnSe double passivation layer can effectively inhibit charge recombination and significantly improve the conversion efficiency of the cells.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nguyen Thi Kim Chung, Phat Tan Nguyen, Ha Thanh Tung, Dang Huu Phuc
Summary: This study provides an overview of quantum dot application in solar cells, replacing dye molecules. The different types of quantum dot sensitized solar cells are presented with obtained results and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, methods for improving efficiency performance in future research are proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maryam Ostadebrahim, Hossein Dehghani
Summary: In this study, the influence of ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnSxSe1-x layers in CdSexS1-x quantum dot based solar cells was systematically investigated, with ZnS and ZnS0.2Se0.8 identified as the optimal choices. The designed QDSSCs with these layers showed a significantly higher efficiency compared to bare QDSSCs.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Tea-Yon Kim, Byung Su Kim, Jong Gyu Oh, Seul Chan Park, Jaeyoung Jang, Thomas W. Hamann, Young Soo Kang, Jin Ho Bang, Sixto Gimenez, Yong Soo Kang
Summary: By applying a TiO2(B) surface passivation layer (SPL) on TiO2/QD (PbS and CdS), electron conductivity was improved, collection efficiency was increased, and a record high photocurrent density was achieved, suggesting a promising strategy for the development of high-performance photoelectrochemical devices.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. S. Rasal, Y-H Chen, K. Dehvari, G. Getachew, P-J Tseng, K. Waki, S. Bela, J-Y Chang
Summary: This study reported the preparation of a gel electrolyte using XG and TiO2 NPs to improve the performance of QDSSCs, achieving higher photoconversion efficiencies and stability. XG exhibited thixotropic sol-gel transitions, and the incorporation of TiO2 NPs improved the ionic conductivity of the gel electrolyte, passivating surface trap states or acting as steric hindrance.
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mohammed Panthakkal Abdul Muthalif, Youngson Choe
Summary: A novel strategy of modifying copper sulfide counter electrodes with hydrohalic acids has been successfully introduced to enhance electrocatalytic activity and charge transfer properties, resulting in improved photovoltaic performance of quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiangcai Wang, Zhuoyin Peng, Jincheng Huang, Yuanfang Zhang, Xinlong Zhang, Yue Wang, Yilong Fu, Wei Li, Jian Chen, Keqiang Chen
Summary: The loading amount of quantum dots and trap density are important issues for quantum dot sensitized solar cells. This study used an anatase TiO2 nanodendrite array as the photo-electrodes for CuInS2 quantum dot sensitized solar cells instead of the traditional TiO2 nanowire array. The CuInS2 quantum dots sensitized photo-electrodes based on the anatase TiO2 nanodendrite array exhibited excellent charge generation and separation properties. The branches from the nanodendrite array provided more paths for charge transfer and reduced charge recombination traps, resulting in higher current density and increased photovoltaic conversion efficiency from 4.7% to 5.48%.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hebing Tang, Tingting Xu, Xiulan Qin, Kai Zou, Shaoshen Lv, Jingquan Fan, Tao Huang, Lixin Chen, Wei Huang
Summary: In this study, two types of carbon quantum dots were used to passivate the perovskite surface of solar cells, resulting in improved photovoltaic performance. The introduction of A-CQDs led to larger crystal grains, reduced defect density, and efficient carrier transfer, achieving a champion power conversion efficiency of 13.97%. A-CQDs-based C-PSCs also showed excellent stability with over 80% retention of initial efficiency after 840 hours of storage under 35% humidity.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shenghua He, Luwen Shang, Yueyue Gao, Yan Shi, Furui Tan, Xiaoming Chen, Gentian Yue
Summary: The use of TSi molecule effectively reduces charge recombination in DSSCs, improving PCE, enhancing humidity resistance, and long-term stability.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maryam Ostadebrahim, Hossein Dehghani
Summary: In quantum dot sensitized solar cells, the strategy of metal ion-doped ZnS passivation layer is effective in preventing surface charge recombination, with Ce-ZnS layer being the optimal choice for surface passivation, leading to improved efficiency in power conversion.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Abdul Basit, Muhammad Aanish Ali, Zunair Masroor, Zeeshan Tariq, Jin Ho Bang
Summary: Quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) have unique characteristics that make them a promising solution to the energy-economy-environment dilemma. Researchers have been strategically addressing the challenges faced by QDSSCs, such as back transfer of electrons, recombination, and photocorrosion, to improve their performance. Interfacial layers (ILs) have proved beneficial in addressing these challenges, providing surface passivation, seeding quantum dots, and controlling back electron transfer. This review discusses the multifunctional roles of ILs in QDSSCs, characterization techniques, and future prospects.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Varun Kumar Singhal, Upendra Kumar Verma, Medha Joshi, Brijesh Kumar
Summary: This paper models the charge transport in quantum dot (QD) thin films using trap-state assisted tunneling. The study finds that variations in trap-state concentration significantly impact the charge extraction and recombination in QD sensitized solar cells.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhenyu Hu, Ruifeng Zheng, Wei Lu, Jialun Li, Xuesong Li, Yi Jiang, Xijia Yang, Liying Wang
Summary: This study developed a simple and cost-effective method to prepare transparent TiO2 films with high transmittance up to 90%. When applied to solar cells, the highest power conversion efficiency reached 2.92%, demonstrating its potential applications in related fields.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Lan Zhou, Hong Ling Ren, Chun Qin Yang, Ya Xue Wu, Bin Bin Jin
Summary: By using the SILAR method, ATO porous matrix film-supported CuS composites were constructed on a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass substrate, showing excellent electrocatalytic activity. Through optimizing the deposition cycles, a stable efficiency was achieved while improving the conductivity.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hafiz Faiq Bakhat, Sidra Arshad, Natasha, Sunaina Abbas, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Shah Fahad, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Muhammad Sajjad, Muhammad Ashfaq, Muhammad Shahid
Summary: The study found that aerobic cultivation of rice resulted in lower arsenic accumulation in grains compared to anaerobic cultivation. Certain rice genotypes showed lower arsenic accumulation under aerobic conditions, indicating lower risks. Therefore, utilizing aerobic water management and selecting genotypes with low arsenic accumulation can help reduce health risks for humans.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas Webb, Xueping Liu, Robert J. E. Westbrook, Stefanie Kern, Muhammad T. Sajjad, Sandra Jenatsch, K. D. G. Imalka Jayawardena, W. Hashini K. Perera, Igor P. Marko, Sanjayan Sathasivam, Bowei Li, Mozhgan Yavari, David J. Scurr, Morgan R. Alexander, Thomas J. Macdonald, Saif A. Haque, Stephen J. Sweeney, Wei Zhang
Summary: A new approach is presented in this paper to address the issue of dopant induced instability in high efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By utilizing organometallocenes, significant improvements are observed in device stability and hole extraction efficiency at the hole transporting layer (HTL) interface.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kiem Giap Nguyen, Ioan-Alexandru Baragau, Radka Gromicova, Adela Nicolaev, Stuart A. J. Thomson, Alistair Rennie, Nicholas P. Power, Muhammad Tariq Sajjad, Suela Kellici
Summary: This study developed efficient nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) through an environmentally friendly continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis process. The optimized N-CQDs exhibited enhanced fluorescence emission properties and served as a sensitive nano-sensor for highly toxic chromium (VI).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Sadaf Irshad, Muhammad Shakeel, Aysha Bibi, Muhammad Sajjad, Kottakkran Sooppy Nisar
Summary: This study investigates the optical soliton solutions to the fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equation with nonlinear oscillating coefficient and Beta and M-truncated derivatives. A complex wave transformation is applied to convert the fractional NLS equation into an ordinary differential equation. The optical solution structures are obtained using the SSE method. The fractional NLS equation is commonly used in various fields such as optical telecommunication, high-energy physics, gas dynamics, electrodynamics, and ocean engineering. The graphical representation of the results is also discussed in detail.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zumaira Siddique, Julia L. L. Payne, Muhammad Tariq Sajjad, Natalie Mica, David B. B. Cordes, Alexandra M. Z. Slawin, Ifor D. W. Samuel, Azhar Iqbal, John T. S. Irvine
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of three new lead-free bismuth halides, among which beta-(PPD)(2)Bi2I10 exhibits the best photoelectric performance and charge carrier lifetime, making it a promising candidate for lead-free photovoltaic devices.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yi Wang, Jack Howley, Erica N. N. Faria, Chen Huang, Sadie Carter-Searjeant, Simon Fairclough, Angus Kirkland, Jason J. J. Davis, Falak Naz, Muhammad Tariq Sajjad, Jose M. M. Goicoechea, Mark Green
Summary: We present a new synthetic method to prepare high-quality InP-based quantum dots (QDs) with tuneable emission, by using a solid, air- and moisture-tolerant primary phosphine as a group-V precursor. This method offers a significantly simpler synthetic pathway compared to the current state-of-the-art precursors used in phosphide quantum dot synthesis, which are volatile, dangerous, and sensitive to air, such as P(Si(CH3)(3))(3).
NANOSCALE HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Sajjad, Tariq Shah, Maha Alammari, Huda Alsaud
Summary: In this article, the theory of the Gaussian field and its extension field are discussed. A comprehensive construction scheme for BCH codes over the Gaussian field is provided. The decoding of newly designed BCH codes is performed using a slightly amended modified Berlekamp-Massey algorithm. BCH codes over the Gaussian field offer coding gain, resulting in a better code rate and number of code words compared to BCH codes over finite fields. Therefore, they are a promising candidate for use in communication systems.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Muhammad Sajjad, Tariq Shah, Huda Alsaud, Maha Alammari
Summary: In the field of cryptography, block ciphers with a nonlinear substitution function play a significant role in ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data. This paper proposes a new design methodology for the nonlinear substitution function using Quaternion integers (QI), which are an extension of complex numbers allowing for more complex arithmetic operations. The proposed design demonstrates superior security compared to existing designs, making it a promising approach for future cryptographic applications.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Tariq Shah, Muhammad Zohaib, Qin Xin, Bander Almutairi, Muhammad Sajjad
Summary: This article introduces a new generalized RSA crypto-system called GRSA, based on 2n prime numbers. It provides supreme security for the computer world by factoring the variable Φ, which has become easier with the development of tools and equipment. The GRSA crypto-system uses 2n primes to ensure security over the network system, including encryption, key generation, and decryption. This method offers better performance and reliability by using hard-to-break 2n primes.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Muhammad Sajjad, Tariq Shah, Robinson Julian Serna
Summary: This article mainly introduces the nonlinear components (S-boxes) used in block ciphers and their role in improving the security of cryptographic systems. By designing a pair of S-boxes and conducting various tests, the nonlinear properties, strict avalanche criterion, linear approximation probability, and differential approximation probability are verified.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ioan-Alexandru Baragau, John Buckeridge, Kiem G. Nguyen, Tobias Heil, Muhammad Tariq Sajjad, Stuart A. J. Thomson, Alistair Rennie, David J. Morgan, Nicholas P. Power, Sabina Alexandra Nicolae, Maria-Magdalena Titirici, Steve Dunn, Suela Kellici
Summary: In this study, a green, rapid, single-step continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis was used to prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2) and TiO2 hybrids with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and/or N-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs), resulting in significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity. By tailoring the light absorption to match that of the solar spectrum and using various techniques such as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the researchers gained substantial insight into the mechanisms behind the improved photocatalytic efficiencies. This research not only provides a pathway to industrialization but also highlights the importance of combining different features and materials for optimal photocatalytic behavior.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Antonio Iborra-Torres, Matej Hus, Kiem Nguyen, Antonis Vamvakeros, Muhammad Tariq Sajjad, Steven Dunn, Myrjam Mertens, Simon Jacques, Andrew M. Beale, Blaz Likozar, Geoffrey Hyett, Suela Kellici, Vesna Middelkoop
Summary: Organic pollutants in water are a major concern and urgent attention is required. In this study, 3D printed structures of SrNbO2N were developed for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water. The 3D printed material showed excellent photocatalytic activity and stability, attributed to its high adsorption towards methylene blue and efficient charge transfer. Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory calculations were performed to understand the photocatalyst structure and degradation pathways.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Muhammad Sajjad, Tariq Shah, Qin Xin, Bander Almutairi
Summary: This article provides an overview of the theory behind the Eisenstein field and its extension field, as well as a detailed framework for building BCH codes over the EF. It also discusses the decoding of these codes using the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm, and investigates their error-correcting capabilities and minimal distance expressions. The article offers researchers and engineers creating and implementing robust error-correcting codes for digital communication systems with valuable information on building, decoding, and performance assessment.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Mahmood Ul Hassan, Rida Jabeen, Rashid Ahmed, Muhammad Sajjad
Summary: This paper constructs minimal circular SPBRMDs for almost every case of odd p(1), filling the gap in literature regarding designs for odd p(1).
THAILAND STATISTICIAN
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Altaf Hussain, Khan Muhammad, Hayat Ullah, Amin Ullah, Ali Shariq Imran, Mi Young Lee, Seungmin Rho, Muhammad Sajjad
Summary: This paper proposes an energy-efficient camera prioritisation framework that can intelligently adjust the priority of cameras in a vast surveillance network, addressing the limitations of existing manual monitoring surveillance systems through a series of steps. Experiments show that the system performs well in terms of activity recognition and camera prioritisation, achieving high accuracy.
CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA
(2022)