Review
Neurosciences
Brook A. L. Perry, Juan Carlos Mendez, Anna S. Mitchell
Summary: The thalamus and cortex are interconnected both functionally and anatomically and share a common developmental trajectory. Interactions between the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and different parts of the prefrontal cortex are essential in cognitive processes. Cortico-thalamocortical interactions involving other dorsal thalamic nuclei also influence these cognitive processes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Bin A. Wang, Sabrina Drammis, Ali Hummos, Michael M. Halassa, Burkhard Pleger
Summary: Humans and animals can maintain constant payoffs in an uncertain environment by re-evaluating and adjusting their strategy. The interactions between the prefrontal cortex and mediodorsal thalamus play a crucial role in this process. This study found that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex acts as a gatekeeper for recruiting processing resources to re-evaluate decision strategy in situations of high uncertainty.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Bastiaan Bruinsma, Tommy Pattij, Huibert D. Mansvelder
Summary: Adaptive control is the process of adjusting behavior online to optimize responses, with the prefrontal cortex playing a critical role. However, the neural circuits involved in monitoring and adapting behavior are poorly understood. This study tested the involvement of different prefrontal cortical projections and identified a specific pathway that is important for posterror performance and timing of responses.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Fang Xu, Yan Shen, Lufeng Ding, Chao-Yu Yang, Heng Tan, Hao Wang, Qingyuan Zhu, Rui Xu, Fengyi Wu, Yanyang Xiao, Cheng Xu, Qianwei Li, Peng Su, Li I. Zhang, Hong-Wei Dong, Robert Desimone, Fuqiang Xu, Xintian Hu, Pak-Ming Lau, Guo-Qiang Bi
Summary: This study introduces a new method combining primate-optimized tissue sectioning and clearing with high-speed fluorescence microscopy to achieve high-resolution imaging of the entire rhesus monkey brain. Researchers have also developed an efficient method for tracing sparse axonal fibers in large datasets, enabling connectome-scale mapping of large primate brains.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nowrin Ahmed, Denis Pare
Summary: This study aimed to determine the neurotransmitter used by MD-projecting BLA cells in male and female rats. The results indicate that the BLA sends a mixed, glutamatergic-GABAergic projection to MD, which likely influences coordination of activity between BLA, MD, and medial prefrontal cortex.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kohei Onishi, Satomi S. Kikuchi, Takaya Abe, Tomoko Tokuhara, Tomomi Shimogori
Summary: The mediodorsal thalamus plays a crucial role in cognitive processes and tasks by being reciprocally connected to the prefrontal cortex. Although poorly segregated at the molecular level, the different subdivisions of the MD hinder specific Cre driver mice. By exploring molecules separately expressed in MD subdivisions and developing region-specific Cre mouse lines, diverse region- and layer-specific PFC projection patterns were identified. Comparative analysis of classified MD marker genes in mice and common marmosets revealed species-specific organization of cell types and their projections in the MD thalamus.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ali Hummos, Bin A. Wang, Sabrina Drammis, Michael M. Halassa, Burkhard Pleger
Summary: Interactions across frontal cortex are critical for cognition. Recent research suggests that the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) plays a role in these interactions, but the specific computations and relevance to human decision making remain unclear. In this study, a neural model of an executive frontal-MD network was trained on a human decision-making task, and the results showed that the MD compressed its cortical inputs and efficiently partitioned cortical activity patterns, enhancing task switching. The findings contribute to the emerging evidence for thalamic regulation of frontal interactions in the human brain.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Niyusha Asgharpour-Masouleh, Ameneh Rezayof, Sakineh Alijanpour, Ladan Delphi
Summary: This study found that cetirizine significantly enhances the analgesic effect of morphine in neuropathic pain by interacting with the mediodorsal thalamic (MD) GABA-A receptors. Neuropathic pain affects the GFAP signaling pathway in the prefrontal cortex.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaojing Meng, Lingxiao Yue, An Liu, Wenjuan Tao, Li Shi, Wan Zhao, Zhongmin Wu, Zhi Zhang, Liecheng Wang, Xulai Zhang, Wenjie Zhou
Summary: This study identifies two discrete glutamatergic neuronal circuits that control different aspects of pain, including the somatosensory and affective components. These circuits involve projections from the insular cortex and the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus to the basolateral amygdala glutamatergic neurons. This research deepens our understanding of pain perception and provides insights into its circuit basis.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaojing Meng, Lingxiao Yue, An Liu, Wenjuan Tao, Li Shi, Wan Zhao, Zhongmin Wu, Zhi Zhang, Liecheng Wang, Xulai Zhang, Wenjie Zhou
Summary: Pain is a multidimensional perception that includes unpleasant somatosensory and affective experiences. Two discrete glutamatergic neuronal circuits have been identified in male mice, modulating different aspects of pain. Optical inhibition or activation of these pathways affects pain perception and emotional processing in mice.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antoine Collomb-Clerc, Maelle C. M. Gueguen, Lorella Minotti, Philippe Kahane, Vincent Navarro, Fabrice Bartolomei, Romain Carron, Jean Regis, Stephan Chabardes, Stefano Palminteri, Julien Bastin
Summary: This study analyzed intra-thalamic electrophysiological recordings from human participants during a reinforcement learning task. The results showed that the thalamus is involved in estimating expected value and signaling reward prediction errors during reward-based and punishment-based learning. The study also revealed the neural mechanisms underlying action inhibition in punishment avoidance learning.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jessica M. Phillips, Niranjan A. Kambi, Michelle J. Redinbaugh, Sounak Mohanta, Yuri B. Saalmann
Summary: The prefrontal cortex has a complex relationship with the thalamus, where thalamocortical neurons in several nuclei are modulated by affective and cognitive signals. This modulation contributes to all aspects of cognitive control, including internal states processing, attentional allocation, and goal-directed behavior. Thalamic modulation of cortical gain and cortico-cortical functional connectivity play important roles in these processes.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Stacey A. Bedwell, Natalie Harrison, Sara Fradley, Matthew Brooks
Summary: Research shows that sibling relationships can influence cognitive development, specifically in terms of high-order processes involved in social functioning. However, it remains unclear how childhood experiences of sibling aggression contribute to decision-making styles and risky decision-making in adulthood. Two studies were conducted to investigate this relationship. Study 1 found that using sibling aggression to maintain dominance was associated with avoidant and spontaneous decision-making styles. Study 2 revealed that childhood sibling aggression did not predict performance in risky decision-making tasks. These findings suggest that childhood sibling aggression may influence the types of decisions made, but not the level of risk involved.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Zakaria Ouhaz, Brook A. L. Perry, Kouichi Nakamura, Anna S. Mitchell
Summary: Cognitive flexibility is crucial for navigating everyday complexities and is attributed to the frontal cortex. The mediodorsal thalamus (MD), connected to the frontal cortex, may play a role in influencing cognitive flexibility. This study using male rats found that MD lesions resulted in difficulties in learning and updating strategies during a set-shifting task.
Article
Biology
Sarah E. Canetta, Emma S. Holt, Laura J. Benoit, Eric Teboul, Gabriella M. Sahyoun, R. Todd Ogden, Alexander Z. Harris, Christoph Kellendonk
Summary: In their study, Hubel and Wiesel identified sensitive periods where experience can have long-lasting effects on adult visual cortical functioning and behavior through changes in neuronal activity. They investigated whether similar sensitive periods exist for non-sensory cortices and found that inhibition of prefrontal parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons during the juvenile and adolescent period leads to persistent impairments in adult prefrontal circuit connectivity, in vivo network function, and behavioral flexibility, which can be reversed by targeted activation of PV interneurons in adulthood.
Article
Neurosciences
Mai-Anh T. Vu, Tulay Adali, Demba Ba, Gyorgy Buzsaki, David Carlson, Katherine Heller, Conor Liston, Cynthia Rudin, Vikaas S. Sohal, Alik S. Widge, Helen S. Mayberg, Guillermo Sapiro, Kafui Dzirasa
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Biology
Jermyn Z. See, Craig A. Atencio, Vikaas S. Sohal, Christoph E. Schreiner
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zoltan Metlagel, Jocelyn F. Krey, Junha Song, Mark F. Swift, William J. Tivol, Rachel A. Dumont, Jasmine Thai, Alex Chang, Helia Seifikar, Niels Volkmann, Dorit Hanein, Peter G. Barr-Gillespie, Manfred Auer
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Karuna S. Meda, Tosha Patel, Joao M. Braz, Ruchi Malik, Marc L. Turner, Helia Seifikar, Allan Basbaum, Vikaas S. Sohal
Article
Toxicology
Hao Chen, Helia Seifikar, Nicholas Larocque, Yvonne Kim, Ibrahim Khatib, Charles J. Fernandez, Nicomedes Abello, Joshua F. Robinson
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen K. A. Cho, Thomas J. Davidson, Guy Bouvier, Jesse D. Marshall, Mark J. Schnitzer, Vikaas S. Sohal
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicholas A. Frost, Anna Haggart, Vikaas S. Sohal
Summary: New technologies allow simultaneous measurement of activity from multiple neurons. It has been found that neurons can act collectively and transmit information through correlations, not just individual activity levels. A neural network classifier and surrogate datasets were used to study how neurons synergistically transmit information about social behavior. Social behavior increases correlated activity within specific ensembles and this synergy can be disrupted in disease states such as autism.
Article
Neurosciences
Scott A. Wilke, Karen Lavi, Sujin Byeon, Kevin C. Donohue, Vikaas S. Sohal
Summary: Patterns of correlated prefrontal microcircuit activity are enhanced by D2R stimulation and two mechanistically distinct antidepressants (ketamine and fluoxetine). However, this D2R-driven effect is disrupted in two etiologically distinct depression models.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruchi Malik, Yi Li, Selin Schamiloglu, Vikaas S. Sohal
Summary: This study describes a monosynaptic long-range GABAergic projection from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the hippocampus, which enhances hippocampal information processing by inhibiting specific interneurons. Stimulation of this projection increases hippocampal feedforward inhibition and reduces activity, resulting in improved hippocampal encoding of object locations and spatial information. Activation or inhibition of this projection also promotes or suppresses object exploration behavior.
Article
Neurosciences
Amber L. Nolan, Vikaas S. Sohal, Susanna Rosi
Summary: This study investigates alterations in subtype-specific inhibitory circuits after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their association with cognitive inflexibility. The findings suggest that the non-fast-spiking and somatostatin-expressing subtypes of inhibitory neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex are selectively vulnerable and exhibit reduced excitability and synaptic output after TBI. Impairments in these inhibitory circuits are associated with network hyperexcitability and may contribute to cognitive deficits observed in TBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Denise E. Allen, Kevin C. Donohue, Cathryn R. Cadwell, David Shin, Matthew G. Keefe, Vikaas S. Sohal, Tomasz J. Nowakowski
Summary: The progenitors of the human neocortex are located in the ventricular and outer subventricular zones. This study demonstrates that astrocytes derived from these zones populate distinct layers and exhibit morphological and molecular differences.
Article
Biology
Margaret M. Cunniff, Eirene Markenscoff-Papadimitriou, Julia Ostrowski, John L. R. Rubenstein, Vikaas Singh Sohal