Article
Environmental Sciences
Tao Huang, Mingtao Ding, Zemin Gao, Ricardo Delgado Tellez
Summary: Debris flows are a common natural trigger of disasters in mountainous areas, and check dams are standard structural measures for controlling debris flows. Despite their prevalence worldwide, the capacity of check dams is usually calculated using empirical formulas, leading to large calculation errors. This study proposes a new method that utilizes GIS technology to accurately calculate the design storage capacity of check dams in debris flow-prone areas, demonstrating its effectiveness through analysis of measured data and evaluation of calculation accuracy.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Zaizhi Yang, Xingwu Duan, Jiangcheng Huang, Yifan Dong, Xinbao Zhang, Jiang Liu, Cheng Yang
Summary: The study investigated the long-term silting processes behind cascade check dams and their effects on debris flow control in Hunshui Gully, southwestern China. It was found that the siltation area behind check dams increased significantly, the channel slopes changed, and the cascade check dam group effectively intercepted and stabilized a large amount of sediment, ensuring effective debris flow control.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tommaso Baggio, Vincenzo D'Agostino
Summary: The aim of this study is to simulate the effect of check dam collapse in a debris-flow event. The study analyzed a catastrophic debris flow in the Rotian channel and used the simulation tool r.avaflow to reconstruct the event and define three scenarios. The results showed that the method combining the contribution of bed erosion and check dam collapse is of particular relevance for residual risk estimation in aging mitigation structures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Guanyu Zhou, Liqun Lyu, Mengzhen Xu, Chao Ma, Yunqi Wang, Yujie Wang, Zhaoyin Wang, Markus Stoffel
Summary: Check dams and afforestation are common measures for debris-flow mitigation, but there is a lack of quantitative evaluation methods for their effects. In Laogan Gully, check dams and silver wattle trees were used to reduce debris flow volume and stabilize a large landslide. The study analyzed sedimentation and tree rings to reconstruct debris flow motion and deposition. Based on the results, a model was constructed to evaluate the effects of check dams and afforestation on debris flow mitigation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiao-bo Lyu, Yong You, Zhuang Wang, Jin-feng Liu, Hao Sun, Wan-yu Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the influence characteristics of opening width, flume slope, debris flow density, and opening rate on the characteristics of gully bed scour and siltation. The results showed that flume slope was the most influential factor on scour depth, scour length, siltation length, and siltation volume, while sediment concentration was the most influential factor on scour volume.
JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiangping Xie, Xiaojun Wang, Zhenzhen Liu, Zhixuan Liu, Shenzhou Zhao
Summary: Woody debris flows are common in mountainous and forested areas and can cause more severe hazards due to the presence of large woody debris. Mitigation structures for debris flows have not considered the regulation effects on woody debris and the influence of woody debris on sediment regulation. Model tests were conducted to study the regulation effects of slit-check dams on woody debris flows, showing that these dams can effectively regulate woody debris flows and prevent overflows. The wood retention rate and sediment trapping efficiency of the dams are influenced by various factors and a logarithmic relationship between them was obtained.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anping Shu, Le Wang, Fuyang Zhu, Jiapin Zhu, Chengling Pi, Ziru Zhang, Huarez Christian
Summary: This study focuses on the hydro-sediment dynamic processes that control unconsolidated dam failure and subsequent debris flow. Experimental results show that debris flows induced by partial dam failures are likely to occur under low overtopping flow and shallow channel slope conditions, while debris flows originated from en masse dam failures develop well under the opposite conditions. The critical shear stresses for sediment entrainment under en masse dam failure cases are generally higher compared to partial dam-failure equivalents. The relative proportion of clear water to erodible solid materials is also related to the dam failure mode, which ultimately determines debris-flow properties.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hao Sun, Yong You, Daoling Li, Jinfeng Liu, Dongwei Wang, Zhuang Wang, Xiaobo Lv
Summary: This study investigates the behavior of open check dams subjected to debris flows using specially designed physical modeling tests. The influence of opening shape, relative opening, and debris-flow bulk density on the blockade behavior is explored, and an improved evaluation method based on the blockade criterion is proposed. The results provide critical blockade conditions for various types of dam and debris flow, as well as a range of high probability for temporary blocking.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhijian Wang, Lili Gui, Jiaxuan Zhang, Yongye Li
Summary: The continuous operation of check dams leads to the gradual increase in silting elevation of the whole dam, which can cause significant changes in the hydraulic characteristics of the original flow pattern when the silting height approaches the elevation of the broad-crested weir. This study investigates the hydraulic characteristics and discharge coefficient of a broad-crested weir with different siltation heights and discharges through physical experiments. The research findings indicate that with the increase in siltation height, the water level on the weir decreases, and the flow drop becomes smaller, resulting in a shift towards an open-channel flow pattern.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tugce Anilan, Emre Akcali
Summary: Driftwood is a significant component in mountainous rivers that causes severe hazards by blocking bridges, culverts, and narrow sections during floods. Open check dams are commonly used to prevent driftwood from reaching downstream areas, but they often lose their function when blocked by sediment and driftwood. This paper proposes a new type of open check dam to prevent clogging, and flume experiments were conducted to examine its effectiveness. The results showed that the design of the dam plays an important role in trapping efficiency, and by implementing this type of dam, it may provide a basis for the optimal design of open check dams in mountain river basins for effective flood management.
JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minh-Vuong Pham, Yun-Tae Kim
Summary: This study conducted a performance evaluation of check dams for debris flow mitigation through experiments and numerical analyses. The results showed that the position of the check dam significantly impacted the dynamic characteristics of the flow. The dual barrier system installed at the upstream channel performed better in terms of sediment storage capacity and dynamic factors. Check dams were found to effectively reduce the magnitude of debris flow and deposition volume of sediments on the fan area compared to flow without a check dam.
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Yan Li, Wei Hu, Janusz Wasowski, Yangshuai Zheng, Mauri McSaveney
Summary: Underestimating local scouring in loose cohesionless landslide deposits may lead to rapid and episodic failure of hazard mitigation structures. The erosion rate can be high and irreversible without artificial intervention once a hydraulic drop is formed, highlighting the importance of proper understanding and engineering solutions in erosion-sensitive deposits.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fengyu Gu, Linrong Xu, Na Su
Summary: In this study, the effects of different factors on the solidification strength of debris flow siltation were investigated using an orthogonal test scheme. The results showed that all four tested curing agents effectively improved the solidification strength of the siltation. The type of curing agent had the most significant impact on the strength.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dongpo Wang, Xiaomei Zhang, Wei Shen, Aronne Armanini
Summary: The dynamic impact force of debris flow on dams with a curved upstream face curved was investigated using laboratory experiments and a theoretical approach. Equations describing the impact force and maximum run-up height were derived. Both the impact force and maximum run-up height are mainly controlled by the Froude number reduced by the cosine of the channel slope angle. The experimental data and theoretical results are in good agreement, indicating the practical applicability of the theoretical approach.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEDIMENT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Zaizhi Yang, Li Rong, Jiangcheng Huang, Xingwu Duan, Liyun Zhang, Jiang Liu
Summary: Soil productivity change in debris flow deposits behind check dams during rehabilitation was investigated in this study. The results showed that soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and clay increased with rehabilitation time, while total potassium, pH and bulk density decreased. The trend of Modified Productivity Index (MPI) indicated that soil productivity increased slowly in the early stage of ecosystem restoration and then rapidly increased with the increase of vegetation and organic matter. The results can provide scientific bases for the effective utilization and restoration of debris flow deposits.
ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)