Article
Automation & Control Systems
Marcel Freitas de Souza, Luana Ferreira Serrao, Juan Manuel Pardal, Sergio Souto Maior Tavares, Maria Cindra Fonseca
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of tempering temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and residual stresses of AISI 4340 steel. The results showed that tempering treatments at 300 degrees C and 400 degrees C could relieve residual stresses and decrease hardness. Tempering performed between 500 and 650 degrees C resulted in compressive residual stresses and improved hardness and toughness values.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Douglas Silva Marques Serrati, Ricardo Martins Silva, Jonas Guilherme Gomes Wiezel, Danilo Batista Cunha, Douglas Bezerra de Araujo, Louriel Oliveira Vilarinho
Summary: Residual stresses from welding can negatively impact welded structures' mechanical properties, and stress relief techniques are commonly used to reduce these stresses. This study evaluated the effects of thermal and vibrational stress relief methods on ASTM A131 EH36 marine steel plates. Results showed that thermal treatment, a well-established method, significantly reduced stress intensity and altered mechanical properties. Vibrational treatment, although lacking studies and standards, showed potential as an alternative to traditional thermal treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ronny Scharf-Wildenhain, Andre Haelsig, Jonas Hensel, Karsten Wandtke, Dirk Schroepfer, Arne Kromm, Thomas Kannengiesser
Summary: This study focuses on the influence of process parameters on cooling time, mechanical properties, and residual stresses of high-strength filler materials in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). It provides insights into the safe avoidance of cold cracking and offers processing recommendations for economical WAAM of high-strength steels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Wenchun Jiang, Yun Luo, Qiang Zeng, Jinguang Wang, Shan-Tung Tu
Summary: This paper investigates the residual stress distribution and evolution during strip clad welding, proposing a new heat source model with good agreement to experimental results. It also addresses the limited effect of PWHT on residual stress and proposes a novel heat treatment method based on temperature regulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSELS AND PIPING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hao Yuan, Yan-Le Li, Yuan-Yu Liu, Gang-Lin Zhao, Fang-Yi Li
Summary: The effects of heat treatment and heat-assisted forming on the formability and performance of incrementally formed parts were investigated. It was found that heat treatment can decrease the strength of sheet material and improve the surface quality, while heat-assisted forming can reduce the deformation resistance and increase the formability. By combining both methods, the surface quality and formability of the formed parts can be further improved.
ADVANCES IN MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Panayiotis Tsokanas, Theodoros Loutas
Summary: This paper investigates the mechanical behavior of an interfacially cracked layered beam with bending-extension coupling and residual hygrothermal stresses. A mathematical model of the beam is established and solved analytically to obtain closed-form expressions for internal forces, strains, displacements, and interfacial stresses. Specific cases and the mechanical responses of composite laminates are discussed. The paper also proposes new methods to deepen our understanding of the fracture response of interfacially cracked beams.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jiamin Sun, Klaus Dilger
Summary: Generally, as-received steel components before welding undergo various manufacturing processes, leading to the presence of initial residual stresses (IRS). The relationship between IRS and welding residual stresses (WRS) is still unclear, particularly in ultra-high strength steels (UHSS). This study aims to investigate the influence of IRS on WRS in ultra-high strength steel S960 using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The results indicate that IRS in the weld area are completely eliminated and have no impact on WRS due to the metallurgical and mechanical melting effect. In the heated zone outside the weld area, the initial longitudinal residual stress (σLRS) affects WRS significantly only when it is in tension. In the cold area, WRS are a combination of IRS and welding-induced residual stresses (WIRS), with IRS playing the dominant role in general and having minimal impact on WRS in the weld area.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Harinadh Vemanaboina, M. Mohan Babu, Inguva Chinmaya Prerana, Edison Gundabattini, Balram Yelamasetti, Kuldeep K. Saxena, Karrar Hazim Salem, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Sayed M. Eldin, Manoj Kumar Agrawal
Summary: Laser welding is used for critical component production with tight tolerances. It provides benefits such as lower heat input, smaller heat affected zone, lower residual stresses, minimum distortions, and better mechanical joint characteristics compared to conventional welding. In this study, a Gaussian heat source model was used to simulate the laser welding process on SS316L plates. The model was developed and simulated using ANSYS with APDL coding. The thermal profiles at the joint cross sections and the interface across joints were analyzed. The maximum temperature was observed at the fusion zone and associated zones. The residual stresses were analyzed and found to be within the safe limits of the base material. The predicted and experimentally measured residual stresses were in close agreement with a difference of 10%.
MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
P. Sinha, T. Mukhopadhyay
Summary: Characterizing the effective elastic properties of lattice-type materials is crucial for their application in multi-functional mechanical systems. The presence of manufacturing irregularities and residual stresses can significantly influence these properties. We have developed closed-form analytical expressions to account for the effect of residual stresses on the effective elastic moduli of lattice materials. The presence of residual stresses expands the design space for property modulation.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
D. Schroepfer, A. Kromm, T. Lausch, M. Rhode, R. C. Wimpory, T. Kannengiesser
Summary: For the modified 13CrMoV9-10 steel developed for petrochemical plants, extreme care is required during the welding process due to its low toughness, high strength, and susceptibility to stress relief cracking. Research focuses on the effects of welding heat control on residual stresses and discusses the transferability of results.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiamin Sun, Thomas Nitschke-Pagel, Klaus Dilger
Summary: This study investigates the reasons and mechanisms behind the generation and distribution of welding-induced residual stresses (WIRS) through experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that thermal shrinkage and phase transformation are the main sources of longitudinal residual stresses, while quenching process is another source of transverse residual stresses. It is also found that the distribution of residual stresses varies in shape depending on the transforming property of the materials.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhenan Zhao, Lei Li, Weizhu Yang, Yan Zeng, Yeda Lian, Zhufeng Yue
Summary: This study presents the anisotropic tensile properties of laser additive manufactured (LAMed) GH4169 in different heat-treated conditions. The results show that heat treatment and residual stress levels have a significant impact on the tensile strength, while the dissolution of Laves phase has a slight influence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
D. E. Cherepanov, A. S. Arakcheev, A. Burdakov, I. Kandaurov, A. A. Kasatov, V. A. Popov, A. A. Ruktuev, A. A. Vasilyev, L. N. Vyacheslavov
Summary: This study investigates the bending process of tungsten plates subjected to pulsed heating and proposes a new non-contact method to measure stress in polycrystalline tungsten plates. Experimental results show the method is promising for studying residual stresses in pulse-heated metal samples.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hairong Wu, Dingyong He, Xingye Guo, Mu Gao, Zhen Tan, Guohong Wang
Summary: An optimized segmented heat source model is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of numerical simulation for the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. The model achieves accurate calculations of the molten pool's geometrical size and temperature distribution, with a calculation efficiency about 9 times higher than the traditional model. Experimental results confirm the model's accuracy.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Mohamed Ali Louhichi, Gerard Poulachon, Philippe Lorong, Jose Outeiro, Eric Monteiro, Dominique Cotton
Summary: Residual stresses distributions induced by heat treatment of AA 7075-T6 alloy were modeled and simulated using the Finite Element Method. An inverse method coupled with optimization algorithms was developed to determine the convection coefficients. The simulated results were validated by comparing with experimental measurements, and the effects of temperature gradient on the residual stress distribution were evaluated.
MACHINING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
S. Gohar, G. Hussain, A. Ali, H. Ahmad
Summary: Honey Comb Sandwich Structures (HCSS) have various applications in industries such as aerospace, automobile, and satellite industry due to their properties like high strength to weight ratio, stiffness, and impact strength. This study investigates the mechanical behavior of FDM-built HCSS and suggests that an optimum combination of ABS core with composite face sheets having raster layup of 0 degrees/90 degrees can be achieved. The research indicates the potential of using FDM for manufacturing HCSS with complex lamination schemes and adequate mechanical properties on an industrial scale.
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Syed Fawad Hussain, Ghulam Hussain, Naila Rahman
Summary: This paper discusses the differences between traditional polymer processing techniques and incremental sheet forming, highlighting the spring back issue with the latter that requires process control for desired part accuracy. It proposes using machine learning methods for error prediction and parameter optimization, utilizing a hybrid model of genetic algorithm and artificial neural network to minimize shape error. Experiments on Polypropylene sheet demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in minimizing mean squared error compared to statistical techniques.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mohammed Asmael, Tauqir Nasir, Qasim Zeeshan, Babak Safaei, Omer Kalaf, Amir Motallebzadeh, Ghulam Hussain
Summary: This study reviewed experimental works on friction stir spot welding of dissimilar alloys and applied machine learning algorithms to forecast tensile shear strength. The results showed that welding parameters had significant influences on the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of weld joints, with dwell period having a significant impact on the tensile shear strength.
ARCHIVES OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Muhammad Salman Mustafa, Muhammad Arslan Muneer, Muhammad Qasim Zafar, Muhammad Arif, Ghulam Hussain, Farrukh Arsalan Siddiqui
Summary: FFF additive manufacturing is widely used for producing complex structures using material extrusion. This study focuses on optimizing printing parameters for mechanical properties of blended biodegradable polymers, PLA/PHA. Experimental results and statistical analysis identify optimum values for layer thickness, infill density, and printing bed temperature to achieve superior tensile and impact strength properties.
INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Asim Ahmad Riaz, Ghulam Hussain, Asif Iqbal, Volkan Esat, Mohammed Alkahtani, Aqib Mashood Khan, Naveed Ullah, Maohua Xiao, Shaukat Khan
Summary: Due to worsening environmental conditions and resource depletion, sustainability in manufacturing is becoming increasingly important. Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is a promising process for small production runs, and this study provides a comprehensive review of its sustainability aspects. The review concludes that ISF is more sustainable than conventional forming methods for small production runs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shakeel Ahmed, Khurram Kamal, Tahir Abdul Hussain Ratlamwala, Senthan Mathavan, Ghulam Hussain, Mohammed Alkahtani, Marwan Bin Muhammad Alsultan
Summary: Accurate prediction of aerodynamic properties is crucial for applications involving fluid flows, and machine learning techniques have shown promising results in predicting the aerodynamic coefficients of airfoils.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Muhammad Abas, Mohammed Alkahtani, Qazi Salman Khalid, Ghulam Hussain, Mustufa Haider Abidi, Johannes Buhl
Summary: This study investigated the end-milling operation of AISI 1522H steel grade under minimum-quantity lubrication conditions using a novel blend of canola and olive oil. The results showed that the feed rate significantly affected the responses. Multi-response optimization was performed to find the optimal cutting process parameters.
Article
Thermodynamics
Khurram Altaf, Adeel Tariq, Syed Waqar Ahmad, Ghulam Hussain, T. A. H. Ratlamwala, Hafiz Muhammad Ali
Summary: This study focuses on optimizing the thermal performance of heatsinks by implementing slots while maintaining the pressure drop. Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis shows that the optimized heatsinks exhibit better thermal performance without compromising the pressure drop.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mustajab Ahmed, Khurram Kamal, Tahir Abdul Hussain Ratlamwala, Ghulam Hussain, Mejdal Alqahtani, Mohammed Alkahtani, Moath Alatefi, Ayoub Alzabidi
Summary: This research utilized spectrograms of airborne acoustic emission data and a residual network to monitor the tool health of an end-milling machine. Different cutting tools were used and their acoustic emission signals were recorded for various cut depths. The trained model showed an overall classification accuracy of 99.7%, with 100% accuracy for classifying hardwood and 99.5% accuracy for classifying softwood.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdul Qadeer, G. Hussain, Mohammed Alkahtani, Johannes Buhl
Summary: Metal/polymer laminates are lightweight construction composite materials. Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is being analyzed for processing laminates. The study investigates the accuracy and springback mechanism in SPIF of laminates. The results show that the relaxation modulus decreases as the polymer-to-metal thickness ratio increases, leading to reduced springback in the formed components.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
S. Gohar, G. Hussain, A. Ali, M. Ilyas, Mohammed Alkahtani
Summary: This study proposes two solutions to overcome the low in-plane stiffness issue of NPR structures. Firstly, new structures with improved NPR were designed, offering better performance than conventional NPR structures. Secondly, shape optimization was applied to redistribute the material in each cell based on the applied load. The bending performance of the structures was evaluated and validated, showing significant improvements in stiffness and energy absorption capacity.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Aftab Ahmad, Ahmad Abbas, Ghulam Hussain, Omar Al-Abbasi, Mohammed Alkahtani, Khurram Altaf
Summary: Due to their low cost, lightweight, antifouling and anticorrosion properties, polymer heat exchangers (PHXs) are replacing metal heat exchangers in various applications. This study investigates the effects of important parameters on the heat transfer performance of PHXs fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with ABS material. The results show that printing temperature and tube wall thickness have a significant influence on the thermal performance of PHXs, while printing speed has a trivial effect. Higher printing temperature, smaller wall thickness, and lower printing speed lead to greater thermal performance and reduced roughness and dimensional variations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Munish Kumar Gupta, Muhammad Jamil, Ghulam Hussain, Mohammed Alkahtani, Mustufa Haider Abidi, Grzegorz M. Krolczyk
Summary: Recent pandemics have driven the industries to seek eco-benign cutting fluids for improving machinability. This study proposes a sustainable hybrid lubri-coolant by mixing ethanol-biodegradable ester oil in varying proportions and adding dry ice for enhanced cooling capabilities. Experimental findings show changes in the thermophysical properties and potential application of the hybrid lubri-coolant in high-speed machining of difficult-to-cut materials for the aerospace industry.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
G. Hussain, Malik Hassan, Hongyu Wei, J. Buhl, Maohua Xiao, Asif Iqbal, Hamza Qayyum, Asim Ahmed Riaz, Riaz Muhammad, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is an emerging materials processing technology that has gained growing interest in the application of composite materials due to its advantages such as reduced tooling, cycle time, cost, and ability to produce sculptured profiles compared to traditional methods. This authoritative article reviews the advancements in SPIF since 2008, covering various aspects of the process including deformation characteristics, forming limits, failure modes, forming forces, strain recovery, surface quality, and analytical models. It reveals the current state of the technology, challenges, and provides valuable findings that serve as guidelines for the process users.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Muhammad Qasim Zafar, Jinnan Wang, Zhenlin Zhang, Chaochao Wu, Haiyan Zhao, Ghulam Hussain, Ninshu Ma
Summary: Laser cladding is a promising technique for fabrications, remanufacturing, and repair of metallic components. Residual stresses caused by melting and solidification in the process often lead to geometric discrepancies and deterioration of the end product. A hybrid FEM scheme is adopted to efficiently predict the temperature field, residual stress, and distortion in multilayer powder-fed laser cladding. The accuracy of the simulation is validated through experiments, showing precise agreement for residual stress and distortion measurements.