Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna E. Coghill, Jianwen Fang, Zhiwei Liu, Chien-Jen Chen, Ruth F. Jarrett, Henrik Hjalgrim, Carla Proietti, Kelly J. Yu, Wan-Lun Hsu, Pei-Jen Lou, Chen-Ping Wang, Yingdong Zhao, Denise L. Doolan, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: This study examined the IgG antibody responses against 115 EBV peptide sequences in 316 cancer-free adults and identified eight EBV peptide sequences that appear to play a role in immunogenicity. This finding is important for understanding the role of EBV in B-cell immunity in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Massimiliano Castellazzi, Caterina Ferri, Alice Piola, Samantha Permunian, Gaia Buscemi, Michele Laudisi, Eleonora Baldi, Maura Pugliatti
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In this study, we investigated the effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a first-line treatment for MS, on the quantity and quality of EBV-specific IgG in MS patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Francesco Baccianti, Charlene Masson, Susanne Delecluse, Zhe Li, Remy Poirey, Henri-Jacques Delecluse
Summary: EBV efficiently infects and transforms B lymphocytes by activating viral gene expression and manipulating cellular pathways to limit the immune response, according to this study. The viral particle components sequentially activate proinflammatory B lymphocyte signaling pathways, leading to viral gene expression and cytokine release. However, infection also triggers the expression of ZFP36L1, a stress protein that limits the cytokine response. This study highlights the complex interactions between EBV and host cells during infection and transformation.
Article
Immunology
Olga S. Fedyanina, Anna E. Filippova, Olga Demina, Olga A. Zhuliabina, Dmitry S. Tikhomirov, Alexander Filatov, Tatiana A. Chebotareva, Sofya A. Kuznetsova
Summary: Atypical mononuclear cells (AM) appear in significant numbers in peripheral blood of patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM), primarily consisting of CD8(+) T cells and a small fraction of CD19(+) B lymphocytes. The AM population amount is significantly higher in children with mononucleosis caused by primary EBV infection compared to other viral infections, and the recovery from classic IM associated with primary EBV infection is correlated with the percentage of CD8(+) AM.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tobias Lanz, R. Camille Brewer, Peggy P. Ho, Jae-Seung Moon, Kevin M. Jude, Daniel Fernandez, Ricardo A. Fernandes, Alejandro M. Gomez, Gabriel-Stefan Nadj, Christopher M. Bartley, Ryan D. Schubert, Isobel A. Hawes, Sara E. Vazquez, Manasi Iyer, J. Bradley Zuchero, Bianca Teegen, Jeffrey E. Dunn, Christopher B. Lock, Lucas B. Kipp, Victoria C. Cotham, Beatrix M. Ueberheide, Blake T. Aftab, Mark S. Anderson, Joseph L. DeRisi, Michael R. Wilson, Rachael J. M. Bashford-Rogers, Michael Platten, K. Christopher Garcia, Lawrence Steinman, William H. Robinson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where autoreactive lymphocytes attack the central nervous system. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been linked to MS, with molecular mimicry between EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and central nervous system protein GlialCAM. EBNA1 immunization exacerbates disease in MS mouse models and anti-EBNA1 and anti-GlialCAM antibodies are prevalent in MS patients, providing a mechanistic link between MS and EBV and guiding the development of new MS therapies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Le Chang, Jing Xiong, Yuying Xue, Jie Wang, Xurong Zhu, Xuejiao Zheng, Xiaoyu Gao, Yu E. Yan, Jiaduo Hao, Hehuan Zhao, Zhengli Di
Summary: Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) characterized by clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, CSF analysis, and detection of anti-ganglioside antibodies. EBV infection may be associated with the development of MFS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Article
Oncology
Natalie Farha, Muhammad Salman Faisal, Daniela S. Allende, Joseph Sleiman, Ravi Shah, Nicole Farha, Pauline Funchain, Jessica R. Philpott
Summary: This article describes a case series of 25 patients who were diagnosed with gastritis following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The most common malignancies were non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. Symptoms included nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and melena. Endoscopic findings showed erythema, edema, and friability. Most patients received acid suppression treatment and methylprednisolone. Approximately 64% of patients had complete resolution of symptoms within two months, and 52% were able to resume immunotherapy.
Review
Immunology
Jiri Mestecky, Bruce A. A. Julian, Milan Raska
Summary: IgA nephropathy is an autoimmune disease caused by the recognition of poorly galactosylated IgA1 by anti-glycan antibodies, resulting in the formation of nephritogenic immune complexes. The incidence of IgA nephropathy varies geographically and racially.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Hannes Vietzen, Philippe L. Furlano, Jan J. Cornelissen, Georg A. Boehmig, Peter Jaksch, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl
Summary: This study found that nonclassic human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E)-restricted immune responses have a significant impact on the development of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) diseases in the individual host. The highly expressed HLA-E*0103/0103 genotype is protective against infectious mononucleosis (IM) by inducing potent EBV BZLF1-specific HLA-E-restricted CD8(+) T-cell responses. Variations in the inhibitory NKG2A/LMP-1/HLA-E axis are associated with the risk of symptomatic EBV reactivations in both immunocompetent individuals and immunocompromised transplant recipients.
Article
Immunology
Yan Pan, Linbin Lu, Huan Liu, Di Chen, Ning Han, Ruirong Yao, Xinlin Wang, Xianchun Gao, Jun Yu, Ling Chen, Fenli Zhou, Guangjun Hao, Yuanyuan Lu, Mengbin Li, Guangbin He, Fei Kang, Zengshan Li, Yongqiang Tang, Jinsong Zhang, Lichun Wei, Yongzhan Nie
Summary: Trastuzumab-containing chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (GC) with HER2 positive. However, few studies have explored the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 therapy in overcoming resistance to trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in advanced Epstein-Barr Virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) with PD-L1 and HER2 positive. In this case presentation, a 45-year-old man with advanced EBVaGC presented with fatigue, dysphagia, and weight loss. He received trastuzumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment, followed by nivolumab monotherapy, total radical gastrectomy plus sequential radiotherapy, and postoperative immunotherapy. The patient achieved a durable clinical benefit with a PFS of 28 months.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiao Zhang, Junping Hong, Ling Zhong, Qian Wu, Shanshan Zhang, Qianying Zhu, Haiwen Chen, Dongmei Wei, Rui Li, Wanlin Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Guosong Wang, Xiang Zhou, Junyu Chen, Yinfeng Kang, Zhenghui Zha, Xiaobing Duan, Yang Huang, Cong Sun, Xiangwei Kong, Yan Zhou, Yanhong Chen, Xiaoping Ye, Qisheng Feng, Shaowei Li, Tong Xiang, Song Gao, Mu-Sheng Zeng, Qingbing Zheng, Yixin Chen, Yi-Xin Zeng, Ningshao Xia, Miao Xu
Summary: This study identified two neutralizing antibodies that effectively neutralize EBV infection and provide protection against EBV-induced lymphoproliferative disorders in humanized mice. The antibodies inhibit membrane fusion through interference with gB-cell interaction and activation, offering potential targets for antiviral therapies and vaccines.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Sudipta Samanta, Muthukaruppan Swaminathan, Jianing Hu, Khai Tuck Lee, Ajitha Sundaresan, Chuan Keng Goh, Chor Hiang Siow, Kwok Seng Loh, Soh Ha Chan, Joshua K. Tay, Ian Cheong
Summary: The use of immunofluorescence assay for detecting serum Epstein-Barr virus antibodies is the gold standard screening test for nasopharyngeal cancer in high-risk populations. This study demonstrates that integrating deep learning with automated fuzzy inference can improve the scalability and accuracy of NPC detection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Ting Shi, Linlin Huang, Ling Luo, Qiuyao Yu, Jianmei Tian
Summary: In this study, it was found that plasma EBV-DNA test has a higher diagnostic value than VCA-IgG avidity test in different age stages and over the course of the disease. Peripheral lymphocyte test and plasma EBV-DNA test are suitable for the early stage of the disease, while the VCA-IgG avidity test is suitable for after 7 days of the disease.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hansaim Lim, Chung-Jung Tsai, Ozlem Keskin, Ruth Nussinov, Attila Gursoy
Summary: HMI-PRED 2.0 is a publicly available web service that predicts host-microbe protein-protein interaction using interface mimicry. It aims to be user-friendly without requiring extensive computational experience.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Monica S. Sierra, Sabrina H. Tsang, Carolina Porras, Rolando Herrero, Joshua N. Sampson, Bernal Cortes, John Schussler, Sarah Wagner, Loretto Carvajal, Wim Quint, Aimee R. Kreimer, Shangying Hu, Ana Cecilia Rodriguez, Byron Romero, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: This study estimated the prevalence and incidence of HPV infections in young adult women. The results showed that the incidence of HPV infections peaked at age 20 and steadily declined with age. The study also found that the incidence of HPV infections peaked within a year after first sexual intercourse and decreased over time. These findings suggest that HPV vaccination could be beneficial for young adult women in preventing cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Tzu-Hsiang Li, Wen-Hsuan Tseng, Hsiang-Ling Chiu, Tsung-Lin Yang, Cheng-Ping Wang, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Chun-Nan Chen, Mei-Chun Lin, Jenq-Yuh Ko, Pei-Jen Lou
Summary: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of proactive swallowing rehabilitation on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with recurrent oral cancer. The results showed that there was a significant deterioration in body weight, swallowing function, and MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory at one month, but a trend of recovery was observed afterwards. The study demonstrated that approximately 80% of participants achieved safe swallowing through diet modification or compensatory maneuvers. Patients who underwent proactive swallowing rehabilitation had better recovery in the functional oral intake level.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mei-Chun Lin, Chia-Lang Hsu, Shih-Fan Lai, Yen-Lin Huang, Min-Shu Hsieh, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Chun-Nan Chen, Cheng-Ping Wang, Tsung-Lin Yang, Jenq-Yuh Ko, Mong-Hsun Tsai, Pei-Jen Lou
Summary: This study evaluates the clinical and molecular characteristics of spindle cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSpCC), a rare variant of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. It shows that HNSpCC has more aggressive behavior than conventional HNSCC and that the prognosis is poorer when it arises from a previously irradiated field. Genetic and microenvironmental factors both contribute to the invasiveness of this tumor.
Article
Surgery
Shivshankar Thanigaimani, Vikram Iyer, John Bingley, Daniel Browne, James Phie, Denise Doolan, Jonathan Golledge
Summary: This study examined the association between serum microRNAs (miRNAs) and diagnosis and growth of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and tested their diagnostic and prognostic value. The expression levels of 800 miRNA tags were assessed in AAA patients, healthy controls, and patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The miRNAs let-7b-5p and miR-548n improved the ability to diagnose AAA, but none of the miRNAs had independent prognostic value in predicting AAA growth.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Loretto J. Carvajal, Jaimie Z. Shing, Juan C. Vanegas, Emmanuel Gonzalez, Diego Guillen, Monica S. Sierra, Allan Hildesheim, Carolina Porras, Rolando Herrero, Guillermo Torres, Meredith S. Shiels, Alejandro Calderon, Aimee R. Kreimer
Summary: This study investigated the incidence and trends of head and neck cancer in Costa Rica, specifically focusing on the potentially human papillomavirus (HPV)-related and HPV-unrelated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The findings showed a decreasing incidence of HNSCC overall, but an increasing trend for HPV-related HNSCCs. This study is important for understanding the epidemiology of head and neck cancer and the impact of HPV.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
W. K. Jacky Lam, Ann D. King, Jacob A. Miller, Zhiwei Liu, Kelly J. Yu, Melvin L. K. Chua, Brigette B. Y. Ma, Ming Yuan Chen, Benjamin A. Pinsky, Pei-Jen Lou, John K. S. Woo, Wan-Lun Hsu, Julia Simon, Denise L. Doolan, Tim Waterboer, Edwin P. Hui, Hui Li, Raymond K. Tsang, Kenneth C. W. Wong, Julian P. Goh, Alexander C. Vlantis, Qi Yong Ai, Lun M. Wong, Victor Abdullah, Jin Ching Lin, Chien-Jen Chen, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Quynh-Thu Le, Anne W. M. Lee, Mingfang Ji, Sumei Cao, Jun Ma, Anthony T. C. Chan, K. C. Allen Chan, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: A meeting of experts in November 2021 discussed the performance and cost-effectiveness of EBV-based approaches for screening early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Both serum EBV antibody and plasma EBV DNA testing methods were found to be favorable. Additionally, the use of MRI was recommended to increase the sensitivity of NPC detection without greatly impacting the cost-effectiveness of the screening program.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ilona Argirion, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Carla Proietti, Anna E. Coghill, Kelly J. Yu, Jaap M. Middeldorp, Yomani D. Sarathkumara, Wan-Lun Hsu, Yin-Chu Chien, Pei-Jen Lou, Cheng-Ping Wang, Nathaniel Rothman, Qing Lan, Chien-Jen Chen, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Ruth F. Jarrett, Ingrid Glimelius, Karin E. Smedby, Henrik Hjalgrim, Allan Hildesheim, Denise L. Doolan, Zhiwei Liu
Summary: By studying the anti-EBV IgG and IgA antibody responses in patients with four different EBV-associated cancers, it was found that the antibody responses were associated with different cancer types. This research helps to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of EBV-related cancers.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Yu-Hao Liao, Wei-Yi Chou, Chun-Wei Chang, Mei-Chun Lin, Cheng-Ping Wang, Pei-Jen Lou, Tseng-Cheng Chen
Summary: Oral cancer is a significant health issue that causes high morbidity and mortality. Chemoprevention, which involves using medications or natural compounds, has been studied to reverse oral premalignant lesions and prevent second primary tumors. Various agents, such as retinoids, herbal extracts, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have been investigated, showing inconsistent results. Future research will focus on identifying biomarkers and molecular profiles for monitoring and preventing malignant transformation, with larger trials needed to validate the efficacy of chemopreventive agents.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jessica L. Petrick, Andrea A. Florio, Jane Zen, Yanyu Wang, Andrew T. Gewirtz, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Sarah Loftus, Jon Inglefield, Jill Koshiol, Baiyu Yang, Kelly Yu, Allan Hildesheim, Chien-Jen Chen, Hwai- Yang, Mei-Hsuan Lee, Katherine A. McGlynn
Summary: Research findings suggest that gut barrier dysfunction may lead to liver exposure to bacterial products from the gut, promoting liver diseases such as hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study investigated the association between biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction and HCC risk in HBV/HCV carriers. The results showed that a doubling of antiflagellin IgA or LBP levels in the blood was associated with a significantly increased risk of HBV-related HCC, while other markers did not show the same association.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jennifer Schieber, Miranda Pring, Andy Ness, Zhiwei Liu, Wan-Lun Hsu, Nicole Brenner, Julia Butt, Tim Waterboer, Julia Simon
Summary: A novel duplex multiplex serology assay was developed to simultaneously analyze IgA and IgG antibodies against multiple antigens. The assay was validated using serum samples from 98 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and 142 controls, and compared to separate IgA and IgG multiplex assays. The duplex serological multiplex assay showed similar sensitivities to the separate assays and was able to accurately identify EBV-positive NPC cases.
Article
Oncology
Pei-Jen Lou, W. K. Jacky Lam, Wan-Lun Hsu, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Kelly J. Yu, Charles M. L. Chan, Vicky C. T. Lee, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Shyuang-Der Terng, Yung-An Tsou, Yi-Shing Leu, Li-Jen Liao, Yen-Liang Chang, Yin-Chu Chien, Cheng-Ping Wang, Ching-Yuan Lin, Chun-Hung Hua, Jehn-Chuan Lee, Tsung-Lin Yang, Chu-Hsing Hsiao, Ming-Shiang Wu, Ming-Hsui Tsai, Hung-Chun Cheng, Allan Hildesheim, Chien-Jen Chen, K. C. Allen Chan, Zhiwei Liu, Wan-Lun Hsu, Yin-Chu Chien, Chien-Jen Chen, Allan Hildesheim, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Zhiwei Liu, Kelly J. Yu, Cheng-Ping Wang, Tsung-Lin Yang, Pei-Jen Lou, Chun-Nan Chen, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Chih-Feng Lin, James Jer-Min Jian, Skye Hongiun Cheng, Yu-Chen Tsai, Yih-Lin Chung, Jia-Shing Wu, Ming-Jiung Liu, Kuei-Kang Huang, Mei-Hua Tsou, Hsin-Hsuan Chen, Ching-Yuan Lin, Shyuang-Der Terng, Fang-Yin Lin, Hsin- Huang, Hung-Chun Cheng, Yung-An Tsou, Chun-Hung Hua, Ming-Hsui Tsai, Yi-Shing Leu, Jehn-Chuan Lee, Li-Jen Liao, Yen-Liang Chang, Chu-Hsing Hsiao, Ming-Shiang Wu
Summary: Two Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-based testing approaches for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were compared in an independent population. The study found one approach to have slightly better sensitivity and specificity, while the other had slightly inferior performance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mei-Chun Lin, Ya-Ting Chuang, Hsin-Yi Wu, Chia-Lang Hsu, Neng-Yu Lin, Min-Chuan Huang, Pei-Jen Lou
Summary: Cells in the tumor microenvironment communicate through glycosylated membranebound and secreted proteins. In this study, O-glycosylation in tumor cells was found to regulate their interaction with macrophage and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The loss of O-glycosylation promoted tumor growth suppression and M1 polarization of macrophages, enhanced T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and reduced IL-6 levels. Targeting O-glycosylation with the inhibitor itraconazole and anti-PD-1 antibody effectively suppressed tumor growth, enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2023)