Article
Physiology
Teresa Barra, Annarita Falanga, Rosa Bellavita, Vincenza Laforgia, Marina Prisco, Stefania Galdiero, Salvatore Valiante
Summary: The researchers used a dynamic in vitro model to study the passage of drugs through the blood-brain barrier and found that functionalized liposomes can efficiently cross this model. These findings have important implications for further investigations on therapeutic dosage of neuroprotective agents and improving practices in neuroscience laboratories.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaku Yamanaka, Shinji Suzuki, Natsumi Morishita, Mika Takeshita, Kanako Kanou, Tomoko Takamatsu, Shunsuke Suzuki, Shinichiro Morichi, Yusuke Watanabe, Yu Ishida, Soken Go, Shingo Oana, Yasuyo Kashiwagi, Hisashi Kawashima
Summary: Neuroinflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of migraine, but inflammatory mediators that can affect brain vascular function in animal models may not have the same effect in human patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charlotte Ernstsen, Sarah L. Christensen, Rikke H. Rasmussen, Brian S. Nielsen, Inger Jansen-Olesen, Jes Olesen, David M. Kristensen
Summary: Using in vivo and ex vivo models, the study shows that PACAP-38 can provoke migraine-like changes independently of CGRP and partially through K-ATP channels. The findings suggest that PACAP-38 antagonism could be a potential alternative therapeutic approach for patients non-responsive to CGRP-targeting therapies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hao Chen, Xueqian Tang, Jin Li, Bangyan Hu, Wenqin Yang, Meng Zhan, Tengyun Ma, Shijun Xu
Summary: This study optimized the NTG-induced migraine rat model and revealed the mechanism of NTG-induced migraine. The findings have important implications for the treatment of migraines.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Adisa Kuburas, Bianca N. Mason, Benjamin Hing, Anne-Sophie Wattiez, Alyssa S. Reis, Levi P. Sowers, Cristina Moldovan Loomis, Leon F. Garcia-Martinez, Andrew F. Russo
Summary: CGRP and PACAP have emerged as mediators of migraine, inducing migraine-like symptoms through independent pathways in mice. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PACAP may be effective in patients unresponsive to CGRP-based therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Hanieh Amani, Alireza Soltani Khaboushan, Gisela M. Terwindt, Abbas Tafakhori
Summary: Migraine is a complex neurological disorder with a global prevalence of 6% in men and 18% in women. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, altered mitochondrial function, neurotransmitter disturbances, cortical hyperexcitability, genetic factors, and endocrine system problems are all involved in the pathophysiology of migraine. However, more research is needed to fully understand these mechanisms and their role in migraine.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barrett D. Allen, Charles L. Limoli
Summary: Exposure to radiation during the treatment of CNS tumors leads to detrimental damage of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in normal tissue, while the irregular vasculature of the blood tumor barrier (BTB) causes tumor tissue to become resistant to radiation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphael Bernard-Valnet, Sylvain Perriot, Mathieu Canales, Beatrice Pizzarotti, Leonardo Caranzano, Mayte Castro-Jimenez, Jean-Benoit Epiney, Sergiu Vijiala, Paolo Salvioni-Chiabotti, Angelica Anichini, Alexander Salerno, Katia Jaton, Julien Vaucher, Matthieu Perreau, Gilbert Greub, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Renaud A. Du Pasquier
Summary: The study suggests that neurologic symptoms in COVID-19 patients may be related to intrathecal production of CXCL8, rather than active replication of the virus or massive inflammation in the CSF.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda, Sabela Rodriguez-Lorenzo, Jiji Attia, Jack van Horssen, Maarten E. Witte, Helga E. de Vries
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease where B cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis, migrating into the central nervous system through various routes. Understanding the routes of B cell entry into the inflamed CNS is essential for comprehending the disease.
Review
Neurosciences
Song Guo, Inger Jansen-Olesen, Jes Olesen, Sarah Louise Christensen
Summary: Migraine is a widespread and debilitating neurological condition affecting more than a billion people worldwide. The recent introduction of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) blocking the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been a significant advance in migraine therapy. However, a large proportion of patients are unresponsive to these new drugs, and it is believed that the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) pathway may be involved in these cases.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Xing Tian, Taojian Fan, Wentian Zhao, Ghulam Abbas, Bo Han, Ke Zhang, Nan Li, Ning Liu, Weiyuan Liang, Hao Huang, Wen Chen, Bing Wang, Zhongjian Xie
Summary: This review focuses on the potential applications of nanotechnology in stroke treatment. It discusses the main molecular pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke, the role of the blood-brain barrier, and summarizes the challenges and future prospects of nanomedicine-based stroke treatments.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Spitzer, Tim Puetz, Moritz Armbrust, Maika Dunst, Jadranka Macas, Florian Croll, Karl-Heinz Plate, Yvonne Reiss, Stefan Liebner, Patrick N. Harter, Sylvaine Guerit, Kavi Devraj
Summary: This study found that targeting osteopontin, a protein associated with ischemic stroke, can improve blood-brain barrier recovery and reduce edema in mice. The expression levels of osteopontin and its receptor CD44 increased from early to late acute phases of ischemic stroke, and targeting osteopontin in both phases led to further improvement compared to targeting only in the early phase.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sneha Rathi, Jessica Griffith, Wenjuan Zhang, Wenqiu Zhang, Ju-Hee Oh, Surabhi Talele, Jann N. Sarkaria, William F. Elmquist
Summary: Brain tumours have a poor prognosis due to the challenges posed by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in drug delivery. The heterogeneity of the blood-brain tumour barrier (BBTB) limits the success of relying on its disruption for effective drug concentrations in tumours. Therefore, designing drugs and delivery strategies to overcome the 'normal' BBB is crucial for treating brain tumours effectively.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ilenia Martinelli, Seyed Khosrow Tayebati, Daniele Tomassoni, Giulio Nittari, Proshanta Roy, Francesco Amenta
Summary: This article reviews the development and technical analysis of brain and retinal organoids, and discusses their potential in modeling neurological and retinal diseases, as well as their use as screening tools. Furthermore, potential future directions, such as dedicated biobanks, are proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoke Chin Chai, San Kit To, Susan Simorgh, Samantha Zaunz, Yingli Zhu, Karan Ahuja, Alix Lemaitre, Roya Ramezankhani, Bernard K. van der Veer, Keimpe Wierda, Stefaan Verhulst, Leo A. van Grunsven, Vincent Pasque, Catherine Verfaillie
Summary: This study created a vascularized concentroid brain model using pluripotent stem cells and endothelial cells, which closely resembles the fetal human brain. This model facilitates the study of neurovascular development, neural cell migration, and vascularization strategies for brain mimics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christopher Kjaer Cullum, Thien Phu Do, Messoud Ashina, Lars Bendtsen, Sarah Sonja Hugger, Afrim Iljazi, Julia Gusatovic, Josefin Snellman, Cristina Lopez-Lopez, Hakan Ashina, Faisal Mohammad Amin
Summary: This study assessed the real-world efficacy and safety of erenumab in patients with chronic migraine. The results showed that erenumab was effective and well-tolerated in reducing the frequency of migraine attacks in patients with chronic migraine.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rune Hackert Christensen, Cedric Gollion, Faisal Mohammad Amin, Michael A. Moskowitz, Nouchine Hadjikhani, Messoud Ashina
Summary: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in migraine, and neuroimaging can be used to investigate and locate neuroinflammation in vivo. However, a comprehensive overview of imaging evidence of neuroinflammation in migraine is still lacking. Existing studies have mainly focused on vascular permeability as a marker of neuroinflammation, but more sensitive techniques and imaging tracers are needed to bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical findings.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lanfranco Pellesi, Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi, Roberto De Icco, Basit Ali Chaudhry, Cristina Lopez Lopez, Josefin Snellman, Jens Hannibal, Faisal Mohammad Amin, Messoud Ashina
Summary: A 2-hour infusion of VIP caused a significant increase in plasma CGRP levels in patients with migraine, but this alteration was not associated with VIP-induced migraine attacks. In healthy individuals, neither VIP infusion nor placebo led to an increase in plasma CGRP levels.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Haidar Muhsen Al-Khazali, Hakan Ashina, Afrim Iljazi, Zainab Al-Sayegh, Richard B. Lipton, Messoud Ashina, Sait Ashina, Henrik W. Schytz
Summary: Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and sleep disturbance are common psychiatric outcomes following whiplash injury. However, the prevalence of these conditions varies among studies. The existing literature suggests persistent psychiatric outcomes after whiplash trauma, but there is considerable heterogeneity among studies and methodological limitations that need to be addressed in future research to prevent psychiatric sequelae.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Malene Glavind Holmsted Kristensen, Thien Phu Do, Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Faisal Mohammad Amin
Summary: Despite a higher-than-average number of structured educational activities, residents in neurology in Denmark still perceive their training in headache disorders to be inadequate.
ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tobias Christian Clausen, Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos Greve, Kai Ivar Muller, Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen, Henrik Winther Schytz
Summary: This systematic review investigated the use of telemedicine for headache patients and found that there were no significant differences in treatment efficacy, patient satisfaction, compliance, or safety compared to traditional consultations. Telemedicine was considered a convenient choice due to being less time-consuming and expensive, especially for patients with limited access. Despite the occurrence of technical errors, telemedicine was found to be feasible.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Janu Thuraiaiyah, Mai Erritzoe-Jervild, Haidar Muhsen Al-Khazali, Henrik Winther Schytz, Samaira Younis
Summary: This systematic review investigated the levels of cytokines in migraine patients during and outside attacks. It found that the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 was decreased, while transforming growth factor beta 1 was increased in migraine patients compared to controls during non-attack periods. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6, were increased in migraine patients compared to controls outside attacks. The levels of cytokines during attacks varied. The review suggests an involvement of cytokines in the inflammatory mechanisms of migraine.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Adam Vittrup Heiberg, Sofie Amalie Simonsen, Henrik Winther Schytz, Helle Klingenberg Iversen
Summary: This study explored the feasibility of fNIRS as a biomarker to assess executive function in AIS patients. The results showed that AIS patients performed worse than the healthy controls in the SCWT. However, both groups exhibited an inverse hemodynamic response in the prefrontal cortex during the test.
NEUROREHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zainab Rissan, Nadja Skadkaer Hansen, Louise Ninett Carlsen, Johanne Juhl Korsbaek, Rigmor Hojland Jensen, Steffen Hamann, Henrik Winther Schytz
Summary: This study validated the COMPASS system, a fundus imaging and perimetric visual field assessment system, for diagnosing papilledema in patients suspected of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The system showed a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 73% in detecting papilledema. However, it had a lower sensitivity of 59% and moderate agreement in detecting visual field defects compared to the assessments made by neuroophthalmologists.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rigmor H. Jensen, Henrik Winther Schytz, Cristina Tassorelli, Gisela M. Terwindt, Louise N. Carlsen, Aurelia Mittoux, Ole osterberg, Richard B. Lipton, Stewart J. Tepper, Andrew Blumenfeld, Christofer Lundqvist
Summary: This article introduces the treatment method for medication-overuse headache by using preventive migraine treatment and withdrawal of overused medication. The design of a clinical trial is reported to evaluate the effectiveness of eptinezumab as a preventive migraine treatment for medication-overuse headache. The study will include 570 participants with dual diagnoses of chronic migraine and medication-overuse headache, and compare the impact on headache frequency and quality of life between two treatment groups.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Haidar M. Al-Khazali, Hakan Ashina, Rune Hackert Christensen, Astrid Wiggers, Kathrine Rose, Afrim Iljazi, Henrik W. Schytz, Faisal Mohammad Amin, Messoud Ashina
Summary: This study investigates the association between clinical and sociodemographic factors and CGRP-induced migraine attacks. The results suggest that cutaneous allodynia and aura play a role in CGRP-induced migraine attacks, while other factors do not have a noticeable impact.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bettina Bjerring, Stine Maarbjerg, Tone Heinskou, Lars Bendtsen, Miki Nikolic, Valentina Grillo, Roberto De Icco, Henrik Winther Schytz
Summary: In this study, the blink reflex in classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients was investigated. The results showed that there were no significant differences in blink reflex latencies and area under the curve between the two subgroups after adjusting for age and sex. Therefore, the blink reflex cannot be used to differentiate classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients, indicating the presence of common pathophysiological mechanisms in both subgroups.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Henrik Winter Schytz, Jeppe Hvedstrup
Summary: This narrative review presents the studies conducted at the Headache Diagnostic Laboratory at the Danish Headache Center, which have been valuable in categorizing primary and secondary headache subtypes, investigating possible pathophysiology, and defining needs for further research. Laboratory tests can be used as an integrated part of headache care at tertiary headache centers, aiding in the evaluation of headache patients and monitoring those suspected of increased intracranial pressure.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Haidar M. Al-Khazali, Hakan Ashina, Astrid Wiggers, Kathrine Rose, Afrim Iljazi, Rune Haeckert Christensen, Henrik Winther Schytz, Faisal Mohammad Amin, Messoud Ashina
Summary: This study investigates the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the aura phase of migraines, finding that CGRP may play an important role in the early stages of a migraine attack. This finding provides insights into the pathogenesis of migraines and offers potential directions for therapeutic interventions.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hakan Ashina, Rune H. Christensen, Haidar Muhsen Al-Khazali, Afrim Iljazi, Daniel Tolnai, Anna K. Eigenbrodt, Henrik B. W. Larsson, Henrik W. Schytz, Ulrich Lindberg, Faisal Mohammad Amin
Summary: This study compared the prevalence of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and healthy controls using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. The results showed no significant differences in the numbers of WMHs and CMBs between the two groups. These findings suggest that future studies should focus on other MRI techniques to identify radiologic biomarkers of post-traumatic headache.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2023)