Article
Environmental Sciences
Yaning Hu, Liwen Ma, Yushi Zhang, Zhensen Wu, Jiaji Wu, Jinpeng Zhang, Xiaoxiao Zhang
Summary: In this paper, a deep learning model based on a residual structure is proposed to generate high-resolution marine environmental parameter data for the surrounding seas of China. By introducing an attention module, the model effectively addresses the poor modeling performance of traditional methods at the edge positions in the image. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in generating accurate and high-resolution marine environmental parameter data.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pau Martin-Malpartida, Emil Hausvik, Jarl Underhaug, Carles Torner, Aurora Martinez, Maria J. Macias
Summary: To simplify the analysis steps in target-based biophysical assays, we developed the HTSDSF explorer, a versatile, all-in-one, user-friendly application suite. It helps users quickly analyze and select primary hits, and determines preliminary binding constants through dose-response assays.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Mahdi Karimi, Mehrdad Shemshadi, Naghmeh Firoozfam
Summary: Using MATLAB Simulink system simulation data and dimensional analysis technique, simple and reliable correlations can be established to design and analyze vibration absorbers for reducing structure vibrations. The unknown coefficients of the correlations derived from dimensional analysis are determined by minimizing the maximum motion amplitude of the structure and using multiple linear regression method.
JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhi Huang, Ming Feng, Helen Beggs, Susan Wijffels, Madeleine Cahill, Christopher Griffin
Summary: Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have significant ecological and economic impacts at local and regional scales, therefore, mapping the fine-scale temporal and spatial patterns of MHWs is crucial. This study used high-resolution satellite data to map recent and near real-time MHW events in waters around Australasia, identifying two broad areas of MHW hotspots and exploring the potential drivers behind the events.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ronggang Huang, Liming Jiang, Zhida Xu, Rui Guo, Fujun Niu, Hansheng Wang
Summary: In this study, we successfully used high-resolution satellite remote sensing images and deep learning to map solifluction terraces in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The proposed method proved to be effective in extracting solifluction terraces, providing important insights into the mechanism of solifluction occurrence, past climate, and hillslope stability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Massimo Zecchin, Octavian Catuneanu, Mauro Caffau
Summary: The interplay between high-frequency relative sea-level changes and regional uplift leads to the formation of marine terraces with variable topography and gradient due to tectonics and wave erosion. These settings result in the development of subaerial unconformities during both transgressive and forced regressive stages of the sea-level curve. Additionally, tectonic uplift causes the formation of steep coastal profiles and the deposition of shallow-marine wedges during highstand and lowstand stages, recording the uplift of coastal areas.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shansi Tian, Yuanling Guo, Zhentao Dong, Zhaolong Li
Summary: By analyzing the microstructure of pores in Qingshankou shale using FE-SEM and multifractal theory, different types of pores were identified, with inorganic pores and cracks playing a vital role in storage and seepage capacity, while organic pores and cracks offering limited storage space.
FRACTAL AND FRACTIONAL
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Jean-Baptiste Ndamiyehe Ncutirakiza, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Philippe Lejeune, Xavier Bry, Catherine Trottier, Frederic Mortier, Adeline Fayolle, Francois Muhashy Habiyaremye, Leopold Ndjele Mianda-Bungi, Gauthier Ligot
Summary: This study examines the influence of canopy structure on tropical tree growth using data collected through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and field measurements. The results show that combining UAV and field data can improve the prediction of tree diameter increment. Diameter at breast height and crown area are complementary predictors, and crown-based competition indices significantly enhance prediction models. The calibrated model at one site can accurately predict growth at another site.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhiqun Liu, Xiaoling Xue, Lifan Fu
Summary: In this paper, a confocal microscopic 3D imaging method based on differential array focusing structured light illumination (DAF-SIM) is proposed, which plays an extremely important role in MEMS, micro optics, microelectronics, biomedicine, and other fields. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the lateral resolution of this method reaches 173 nm, exceeding the optical diffraction limit, and the axial sensitivity is better than 10 nm with a time resolution of about 3 Hz@2.3 M Pixel. The high spatial and temporal resolution of DAF-SIM 3D micro imaging method provides a highly applicable, efficient, and high-precision online micro terrain detection scheme for intelligent manufacturing and other fields.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yaozhi Jiang, Kun Yang, Hua Yang, Hui Lu, Yingying Chen, Xu Zhou, Jing Sun, Yuan Yang, Yan Wang
Summary: Altitudinal precipitation gradient plays an important role in interpolating precipitation in the complex topography of the Third Pole region. This study demonstrates the correlation between precipitation and altitude using the ERA5_CNN dataset. Most sub-basins have positive precipitation gradients, with negative gradients mainly found along the Himalayas, the Hengduan Mountains, and the western Kunlun. Furthermore, precipitation gradients tend to be positive at small spatial scales due to the influence of local topography.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chiara M. Bertelli, William G. Bennett, Harshinie Karunarathna, Dominic E. Reeve, Richard K. F. Unsworth, James C. Bull
Summary: Habitat suitability modelling (HSM) is increasingly used for decision making in conservation management and restoration efforts in oceans. This study used high-resolution Delft-3D modelled wave height data to improve HSM outputs for predicting suitable areas for seagrass growth. The findings revealed significant differences in fine-scale predictions and highlighted the increased importance of wave energy as a predictor variable compared to low resolution data.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marco Balsi, Monica Moroni, Valter Chiarabini, Giovanni Tanda
Summary: An automatic custom-made procedure was developed to identify macroplastic debris loads in coastal and marine environments using hyperspectral imaging from UAVs. The results show successful separate identification of PE and PET objects through post-processing data treatment based on a developed classifier algorithm.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul Berg, Deise Santana Maia, Minh-Tan Pham, Sebastien Lefevre
Summary: In this article, a modification of the patch distribution modeling method (PaDiM) is proposed for weakly supervised detection of marine animals. Comparative evaluation on two high-resolution marine animal image datasets demonstrates that the proposed method achieves better detection results when trained on images without objects of interest, indicating its potential for speeding up the discovery of marine animals in new flight surveys.
Article
Geography, Physical
Tong Shen, Xiaosong Li, Yang Chen, Yuran Cui, Qi Lu, Xiaoxia Jia, Jin Chen
Summary: This study developed a tool (HiLPD-GEE) to calculate 30 m Land Productivity Dynamics (LPD) by fusing Landsat and MODIS data based on Google Earth Engine (GEE). The tool can support global land degradation monitoring and provide more spatial details of land productivity change. The LPD product generated by HiLPD-GEE was applied to African Great Green Wall (GGW) countries and proved to be effective in reflecting land productivity change.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Carole Delenne, Jean-Stephane Bailly, Antoine Rousseau, Renaud Hostache, Olivier Boutron
Summary: This paper presents an interpolation approach that utilizes the delineation of waterbodies to improve topography estimates in endorheic areas.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
News Item
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Melnick
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luis Astudillo-Sotomayor, Julius Jara-Munoz, Daniel Melnick, Joaquin Cortes-Aranda, Andres Tassara, Manfred R. Strecker
Summary: In the Liquirie-Ofqui Fault System in Southern Chile, a single fault segment has exhibited a rapid slip rate over the past millennia, indicating strain localization on the fault at millennial time scales but not sustained over longer time scales.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Diego Molina, Andres Tassara, Rodrigo Abarca, Daniel Melnick, Andrea Madella
Summary: A formal seismic segmentation model of the Chile Margin was presented using multivariate analysis, with principal component analysis revealing a first-order along-trench tendency among three frictional structure proxies. By comparing with earthquake rupture areas and using friction theory, the study inferred the limits of the velocity-weakening seismogenic zone.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Asfaw Erbello, Daniel Melnick, Gerold Zeilinger, Bodo Bookhagen, Heiko Pingel, Manfred R. Strecker
Summary: This study reveals a north-south gradient of tectonic activity in the transfer zone of southern Ethiopia, with the highest extensional deformation and recent tectonic activity occurring in the southern Chew Bahir Basin. The quantitative geomorphic analysis of river catchments and field work provide valuable insights into the tectono-geomorphic history of this complex kinematic transfer zone.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Francisco Acuna, Gonzalo A. Montalva, Daniel Melnick
Summary: This study examines the impact of dating uncertainty and completeness of paleoseismic catalogs on probabilistic estimates of forthcoming earthquakes, finding that the Weibull model predicts the highest forecasting probabilities of 44% and 72% in the next 50 and 100 years. Uncertainties in earthquake chronologies may produce changes in forecast probabilities of up to 50%.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Pedro Matos-Llavona, Lisa L. Ely, Breanyn MacInnes, Tina Dura, Marco A. Cisternas, Joanne Bourgeois, David Bruce, Jessica DePaolis, Alexander Dolcimascolo, Benjamin P. Horton, Daniel Melnick, Alan R. Nelson, Walter Szeliga, Robert L. Wesson
Summary: This study examines the inconsistency between the tsunami deposits at a location in south-central Chile and the historical and geological records of tsunamis. The research suggests that the discrepancy may be attributed to factors such as falling sea levels, coastal geomorphological changes, and a potentially larger tsunami in 1960.
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
S. Riedl, D. Melnick, L. Njue, M. Sudo, M. R. Strecker
Summary: This study investigates the extension rates in the inner graben of the Northern Kenya Rift using digital elevation models and radiometric dating. The results indicate that extension primarily occurs in the region of the active volcano-tectonic axis, highlighting the maturing of continental rifting in the area.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Jara-Munoz, D. Melnick, S. Li, A. Socquet, J. Cortes-Aranda, D. Brill, M. R. Strecker
Summary: The first step in assessing hazards in seismically active areas is to map possible faults and estimate their recurrence times. This study focuses on the Pichilemu Fault in coastal Chile, which was unknown until it caused a magnitude 7.0 earthquake in 2010. By analyzing off-fault deformed marine terraces, researchers estimated the fault-slip rate and recurrence time, providing valuable insights for assessing the seismic potential of hidden faults.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Luis Astudillo-Sotomayor, Joaquin Cortes-Aranda, Daniel Melnick, Julius Jara-Munoz, Catalina Cabello, Laura Perucca, Andres Tassara, Jose Vicente Perez-Pena, Pablo Leon-Ibanez
Summary: The seismic threat of intra-arc faults in the Southern Chile Subduction Zone should be considered due to their potential to produce moderate-to-large shallow earthquakes, causing severe damage to surrounding areas.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Roland Freisleben, Julius Jara-Munoz, Daniel Melnick, Diego Molina, Andres Tassara, Peter van der Beek, Manfred R. Strecker
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms driving permanent coastal uplift in the tectonically active South American margin. By analyzing uplifted marine terraces and tectonic parameters, the researchers identify a constant background-uplift rate along the margin, perturbed by changes at variable wavelengths. The study suggests that major, deep earthquakes near the Moho are responsible for the moderate, long-term background uplift, while accumulation of permanent deformation over millennial time scales occurs through multiple, distinct uplift phases. The findings highlight the utility of a signal-analysis approach in understanding surface deformation in subduction zones at a continental scale.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Martin de Blas, Giampiero Iaffaldano, Andres Tassara, Daniel Melnick
Summary: The convergence between the Nazca and South America tectonic plates has resulted in the formation of the Andean orogeny and drives the earthquake cycle of the Andean megathrust. While the long-term feedback mechanism of Andean orogeny on plate convergence rates is well recognized, the short-term feedback mechanism of the earthquake cycle has not been considered. This study investigates whether the contemporary motion of the Nazca/South America plate varies over year-/decade-long periods in response to stress variations associated with the earthquake cycle. The findings show significant slowdowns in plate motions preceding the three largest recent earthquakes, suggesting a possible link between these slowdowns and the buildup of interseismic stress.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Erin A. Wirth, Valerie J. Sahakian, Laura M. Wallace, Daniel Melnick
Summary: Subduction zone earthquakes are one of the most devastating natural hazards on Earth. Understanding their occurrence and rupture mechanisms is crucial for mitigating seismic and tsunami hazards. This Review emphasizes the influence of subduction zone properties on the location and characteristics of large earthquakes, and highlights the impact of rupture characteristics on earthquake and tsunami hazards.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emma P. Hocking, Ed Garrett, Diego Aedo, Matias Carvajal, Daniel Melnick
Summary: The study suggests that a great earthquake in 1737 at Chaihuin, Chile, did produce a tsunami, even though there were no historical records to support this. This indicates the importance of combining geological and historical records when assessing tsunami hazards.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)