Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sarah Vosgerau, Nina Krattenmacher, Clemens Falker-Gieske, Anita Seidel, Jens Tetens, Kathrin F. Stock, Wietje Nolte, Mirell Wobbe, Iulia Blaj, Reinhard Reents, Christa Kuehn, Mario von Depka Prondzinski, Ernst Kalm, Georg Thaller
Summary: The reliability of genomic predictions for German Warmblood horses is affected by the size and genetic composition of the reference population. This study used preliminary data from a joint reference population to genetically and genomically characterize withers height and estimate genomic breeding values. The results showed that compiling a reference population across breeds is a suitable strategy for German Warmblood horses and the single-step method is an appealing approach for practical genomic prediction in horses.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Aleksander Chroszcz, Piotr Baranowski, Andrzej Janowski, Dominik Poradowski, Maciej Janeczek, Vedat Onar, Beata Sudol, Przemyslaw Spychalski, Agnieszka Dudek, Waldemar Sienkiewicz, Albert Czerski
Summary: Horse withers height in archaeozoological studies can be estimated using the modified Wyrost and Kucharczyk formula, which showed that horses from Western Pomerania were larger than those from Silesia, Kuyavia, and Eastern Pomerania. The Polish medieval horse populations are generally categorized as medium- and small-sized according to Vitt's classification. The modified formula can be used as an additional or alternative method in routine archaeozoological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Hui Yu, Javaid Akhter Bhat, Candong Li, Beifang Zhao, Tai Guo, Xianzhong Feng
Summary: A study on the genetic basis of soybean plant height identified four significant loci and nine candidate genes that regulate plant height. These findings can be used for breeding soybean cultivars with desired plant heights.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sarah Vosgerau, Nina Krattenmacher, Clemens Falker-Gieske, Anita Seidel, Jen Tetens, Kathrin F. Stock, Wietje Nolte, Mirell Wobbe, Reinhard Reents, Christa Kuehn, Mario Von Depka Prondzinski, Ernst Kalm, Georg Thaller
Summary: The accuracy of genomic breeding value estimation for German Warmblood horses depends on the size and genetic composition of the reference population. This study found that using a reference population across breeds and ensuring large kinship relations between calibration and validation can effectively improve prediction accuracy.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Thomas Druml, Gottfried Brem, Brandon Velie, Gabriella Lindgren, Michaela Horna, Anne Ricard, Gertrud Grilz-Seger
Summary: In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 152 Lipizzan and 104 Noriker horses to identify candidate genes for vitiligo-like depigmentation. Seven candidate genes on four chromosomes were identified, including genes associated with the innate immune system and tumor suppression and metastasis. The findings suggest an antagonistic relationship between vitiligo and tumor metastasis in a horse population with higher incidence of melanoma. Further replication and expression studies are needed for a better understanding of this skin disorder in horses.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anne Ricard, Arnaud Duluard
Summary: The genomic analysis of French trotters aimed to isolate gait characteristics from other factors impacting racing performances. The study identified the significant impact of the DMRT3 mutation on both racing performance and trotting technique, with additional QTLs related to gait traits. Furthermore, the study highlighted additional QTLs unrelated to gait traits that could improve selection for independent performance traits like earnings and finishing rates. The findings underscore the importance of genomic evaluation in predicting horse racing performances, particularly in relation to earnings and race completion rates.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weixuan Wang, Weijun Guo, Liang Le, Jia Yu, Yue Wu, Dongwei Li, Yifan Wang, Huan Wang, Xiaoduo Lu, Hong Qiao, Xiaofeng Gu, Jian Tian, Chunyi Zhang, Li Pu
Summary: In this study, a high-throughput phenotyping platform was developed to quantify image-based traits and field traits of 228 maize inbred lines. Through feature correlation analysis and genome-wide association study, genes and candidate genes related to maize height were identified. It was found that rapid growth of maize plants mainly occurs at two developmental stages, which are closely related to the final height indicators. Additionally, a candidate gene ZmVATE was functionally validated in regulating height-related traits in maize.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhixue Dong, Minqiang Tang, Xiaobo Cui, Chuanji Zhao, Chaobo Tong, Yueying Liu, Yang Xiang, Zaiyun Li, Junyan Huang, Xiaohui Cheng, Shengyi Liu
Summary: This study identified a major QTL for first branch height in rapeseed, located on chromosome A02, and discovered other candidate genes associated with this trait. One of the candidate genes, encoding a transcription factor, was confirmed to have a significant impact on branch height and branch number in rapeseed.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Rui Ren, Wei Liu, Min Yao, Yuan Jia, Luyao Huang, Wenqian Li, Xin He, Mei Guan, Zhongsong Liu, Chunyun Guan, Wei Hua, Xinghua Xiong, Lunwen Qian
Summary: This study identified candidate genes related to plant height in rapeseed through genome-wide association analysis, and further analyzed the relationship between these genes and plant height. The results showed that these genes are interconnected with hormone genes and transcription factors, forming a network regulating the plant height of rapeseed.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Glaciane Lopes Teixeira, Tales Jesus Fernandes, Joel Augusto Muniz, Felipe Amorim Caetano de Souza, Raquel Silva de Moura, Raquel Moreira Pires dos Santos Melo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the fit of different models for withers height and body weight in Campolina horses, with Gompertz model found to be the most suitable. Factors such as diet, physiology, and physical conditioning may influence differences in adult weight between male and female horses. Males were observed to mature faster in terms of withers height compared to females.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Tracy Tinsley, Callie Fogle, Elaine Means, James Robertston
Summary: Dental disease is a common condition among horses, but there is limited research on its prevalence and characteristics in miniature horses. This study examined 100 miniature horses and found that older horses had a higher prevalence of dental disease, diastemata, and crown elongations. The most common dental diseases detected were crown elongation, oral mucosal ulceration, diastemata, class 1 malocclusion, and hypodontia. Horses with a high body condition score were more likely to have class 1 malocclusion, and horses with wider heads had a higher prevalence of dental disease and class 1 malocclusions.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Haitao Yu, Yongchao Hao, Mengyao Li, Luhao Dong, Naixiu Che, Lijie Wang, Shun Song, Yanan Liu, Lingrang Kong, Shubing Shi
Summary: This study identifies key loci and candidate genes associated with grain size and yield in bread wheat by phenotypic characterization and genetic analysis. The improved variety has larger grain size but lower protein content, which may be attributed to the presence of superior alleles at key loci in the improved variety.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aili Li, Chenyang Hao, Zhenyu Wang, Shuaifeng Geng, Meiling Jia, Fang Wang, Xiang Han, Xingchen Kong, Lingjie Yin, Shu Tao, Zhongyin Deng, Ruyi Liao, Guoliang Sun, Ke Wang, Xingguo Ye, Chengzhi Jiao, Hongfeng Lu, Yun Zhou, Dengcai Liu, Xiangdong Fu, Xueyong Zhang, Long Mao
Summary: Diversity surveys of crop germplasm can provide insights into the genomic basis for plant architecture and grain yield improvement. In this study, exome sequencing of 287 wheat accessions revealed the presence of selective sweeps between landraces and cultivars, which contain genes known for yield improvement. Genome-wide association study identified genetic loci associated with yield potential and characterized two underlying genes that regulate plant height and grain weight. Additionally, the study proposed a working model for historical wheat breeding based on the interaction between these genes and a classical plant height locus.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
E. A. Albert, O. A. Kondratieva, E. E. Baranova, O. V. Sagaydak, M. S. Belenikin, G. Y. Zobkova, E. S. Kuznetsova, A. A. Deviatkin, A. A. Zhurov, E. A. Karpulevich, P. Y. Volchkov, M. V. Vorontsova
Summary: Genetic data is increasingly important in modern medicine due to the decrease in sequencing costs and the accumulation of high-quality data, allowing for the creation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) to predict genotype-phenotype associations. This study used genomic samples collected across Russia to evaluate the predictive power of PRSs based on European ancestry cohorts for height and BMI. The results showed that the PRSs calculated for these traits in Russian populations had similar predictive power to the original studies, indicating the transferability of GWAS summary statistics onto certain ethnic groups in Russia.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Shaw Badenhorst, Munyadziwa Magoma
Summary: This study provides insight into the physical size of local sheep from southern Africa during the distant past, using archaeological sheep bones. The findings suggest that the sheep from Mutokolwe B have similar shoulder size to other local sheep breeds and fall within the variation of modern sheep found in southern and Eastern Africa.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Laura Patterson Rosa, Fellipe A. Campos, Katie Martin, Micaela Vierra, Gabriel Foster, Erica Lundquist, Samantha A. Brooks, Christa Lafayette
Summary: Pedigrees and horse written ancestry often have inconsistencies, but a genomic analysis of the Brazilian Mangalarga horse breed reveals that its famous individual, Turbante J.O., has 100% Iberian ancestry instead of being sired by a Hanoverian stallion as claimed by the popular history. These results demonstrate the ability of genomic analysis to provide more accurate information about ancestry and can guide the maintenance of genetic diversity in the breed.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Heather M. Holl, Caitlin Armstrong, Hannah Galantino-Homer, Samantha A. Brooks
Summary: Laminitis, a debilitating disease in horses, leads to impaired tissue integrity and inflammation. This study characterized gene expression changes in the lamellar tissue of naturally occurring supporting limb laminitis (SLL), identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease.
VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Viktoria Remer, Elif Bozlak, Sabine Felkel, Lara Radovic, Doris Rigler, Gertrud Grilz-Seger, Monika Stefaniuk-Szmukier, Monika Bugno-Poniewierska, Samantha Brooks, Donald C. Miller, Douglas F. Antczak, Raheleh Sadeghi, Gus Cothran, Rytis Juras, Anas M. Khanshour, Stefan Rieder, Maria C. Penedo, Gudrun Waiditschka, Liliya Kalinkova, Valery V. Kalashnikov, Alexander M. Zaitsev, Saria Almarzook, Monika Reissmann, Gudrun A. Brockmann, Gottfried Brem, Barbara Wallner
Summary: In this study, Y-chromosomal lineage-tracing was conducted in Arabian horses to investigate their origin and influence on paternal lineages in populations. The study revealed unique Y-chromosomal haplotypes specific to Arabian horses, which were distinct from other horse breeds. The results also showed strong selection for relatively few male lineages in Arabian horse breeding, contradicting written pedigree records.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qais Al Rawahi, Jose Luis Mijangos, Mehar S. Khatkar, Mohammed A. Al Abri, Mansoor H. AlJahdhami, Jennifer Kaden, Helen Senn, Katherine Brittain, Jaime Gongora
Summary: Through studying the genetic diversity of Arabian oryx, we found that individuals at the Al-Wusta Wildlife Reserve in Oman contain 58% of the total mtDNA diversity observed globally. We also identified three ancestral sources and three different groups of individuals. These findings are valuable for guiding breeding and reintroduction programs.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Patterson Rosa, Katie Martin, Micaela Vierra, Gabriel Foster, Samantha A. Brooks, Christa Lafayette
Article
Environmental Sciences
Salah Jellali, Ahmed Amine Azzaz, Majida Al-Harrasi, Yassine Charabi, Jamal Nasser Al-Sabahi, Ahmed Al-Raeesi, Muhammad Usman, Noura Al Nasiri, Mohammed Al-Abri, Mejdi Jeguirim
Summary: This paper presents an in-depth characterization of a raw industrial sludge and its KOH-activated biochar, and their application in removing a cationic dye from aqueous solution. The activated biochar showed improved properties and efficiently retained the dye under various experimental conditions. The study also analyzed the mechanisms behind the dye removal process for both the activated biochar and the raw sludge.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Silvia Bruno, Vincenzo Landi, Gabriele Senczuk, Samantha Ann Brooks, Faisal Almathen, Bernard Faye, Suheil Semir Bechir Gaouar, Mohammed Piro, Kwan Suk Kim, Xavier David, Andre Eggen, Pamela Burger, Elena Ciani
Summary: This study investigated the sequence polymorphisms of the dromedary myostatin gene through whole-genome sequencing data of 183 samples. A total of 99 variants were detected, potentially impacting muscularity. Further efforts are needed to collect reliable data on dromedary muscularity and racing performances to identify genetic markers associated with muscular traits.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Patterson Rosa, Katie Martin, Micaela Vierra, Erica Lundquist, Gabriel Foster, Samantha A. Brooks, Christa Lafayette
Summary: In this study, two horses with an inherited white spotting pattern were investigated. A mutation in the KIT gene was identified, which was associated with an increase in white pattern in horses. The mutation also showed an interaction with the MC1R gene. Genetic testing for this mutation can be valuable for horse owners interested in selecting for white patterns.
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Mohammed Ali Al Abri
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Julia Ciosek, Abigail Kimes, Tatiana Vinardell, Donald C. Miller, Douglas F. Antczak, Samantha Brooks
Summary: Arabian horses are valued for their temperament, beauty, athletic ability, and exhibition in the show ring, making them an important part of the horse industry. Juvenile idiopathic epilepsy (JIE) is a seizure disorder that primarily affects Arabian foals from birth to 6 months of age. A genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, suggesting that JIE is not caused by a single gene and potentially has a polygenic mode of inheritance. The study also used coat color phenotypes as positive control traits to assess the effectiveness of GWAS in this population.
JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohammed Al-Abri, Khadhia Al Kharousi, Abeer Al Hamrashdi, Al Ghalya Al Toobi, Mohamed M. I. Salem
Summary: The current study identified SNPs associated with twinning ability in Jabal Akhdar Omani female goats. Genotyping was performed on 72 goats using the Illumina GoatSNP50 BeadChip, resulting in 46,035 SNPs for analysis. GWAS was conducted using the GenABEL package in R software, and eight significant SNPs associated with litter size were found. These SNPs were located in or near several candidate genes related to reproductive performance. Further analysis of sequence variation in these genes is warranted to understand their role in twinning ability in Jabal Akhdar goats.
SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Barclay B. Powell, Kelsey C. Horvath, Tyeler L. Gilliam, Kimberly T. Sibille, Andreas Keil, Emily K. Miller-Cushon, Carissa L. Wickens, Samantha A. Brooks
Summary: This study investigates the startle response in a population of stock-type horses and identifies the relationship between behavioral and physiological variables. The findings suggest that the startle response is influenced by heart rate, age, and sex. Future work aims to conduct a genome-wide association study to explore the genetic factors influencing startle reactions.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Chelby Lynn Gossett, Danielle Guyer, Jessica Hein, Samantha A. Brooks
Summary: This study examined the relationship between white-spotting percentage and genotypes in American Paint Horses using digital photograph analysis. The results showed that the number of white-spotting alleles is positively correlated with white-coat percentage, with chestnut-based Paint Horses having a higher percentage. The study also found differences in white-coat percentage among different registry categories of the American Paint Horse Association.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ishani Shah, Naomi Gray, David Groth, Samantha Brooks, Kylie Munyard
Summary: This study identified a candidate SNP and a copy number variant (CNV) associated with the roan pattern in alpacas. The results support the hypothesis of autosomal incomplete dominant inheritance of the roan pattern and suggest that the effect of the T allele CNV may be suppressed in cis with the A allele CNV.
ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mohammad Al Abri, Ahmad Alfoudari, Zainab Mohammad, Faisal Almathen, Waleed Al-Marzooqi, Salim Al-Hajri, Mahmood Al-Amri, Hussain Bahbahani
Summary: This study analyzed the whole autosomal data of dromedary camels from the Southeast Arabian Peninsula, revealing genetic distinctions between populations and candidate regions with signatures of positive selection. These candidate regions contain genes related to immune response, lipid metabolism, energy expenditure, optical and auditory functions, and long-term memory. The findings have implications for genomic breeding programs and conservation of the species.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Adel K. Auth, Guy J. Hinnigan, Meredith A. Smith, Kathryn R. Owen
Summary: This study investigated the low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and lesion distribution in nonracehorses with MCP/MTPJ region pain. The results showed that soft tissue injuries were more common, with suspensory ligament branch injuries being the most frequent. In terms of osseous pathology, the subchondral bone (SCB) was most frequently affected, with the majority of lesions located on the dorsal aspect of the bone. The main limitations of the study were the lack of standardized diagnostic analgesia pattern and the absence of bilateral MRI sequences in all limbs.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Humberto B. Magalhaes, Jose Antonio Dell'Aqua Jr, Igor F. Canisso
Summary: This study assessed luteolysis and side effects in jennies receiving standard horse-recommended doses of cloprostenol and dinoprost. The results showed that both dinoprost and cloprostenol effectively induced luteolysis, but with different side effects.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2024)
