Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erind Gjermeni, Anna S. Kirstein, Florentien Kolbig, Michael Kirchhof, Linnaeus Bundalian, Julius L. Katzmann, Ulrich Laufs, Matthias Blueher, Antje Garten, Diana Le Duc
Summary: Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide, with its prevalence increasing at an alarming rate. Intensive efforts to understand the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of obesity have led to a better understanding of biomolecules and new intersections with the next generation of antidiabetic drugs. This article reviews the effectiveness of approved anti-obesity drugs and other potential therapeutic avenues.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Naoto Adachi, Masumi Ito
Summary: The high frequency of epilepsy in patients with schizophrenia is likely due to the bidirectionality between epilepsy and schizophrenia and additional schizophrenia-related conditions. Most seizures in patients with schizophrenia can be controlled with conventional antiepileptic drugs, but cautious monitoring for clinical symptoms is required.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akihiro Mine, Sawako Okamoto, Tomoya Myojin, Miki Hamada, Tomoaki Imamura
Summary: While the availability of genetically modified (GM) food has increased worldwide, its acceptance remains low. This study aimed to determine the influence of basic biology education on the acceptance of GM food in Japan. Online questionnaires were distributed to 1,594 people, with 1,122 valid responses obtained. Results showed that the acceptance rates of GM vegetables, fish, and meat were relatively low. High school biology education did not directly affect acceptance of GM foods, suggesting that factors other than education play a role in people's attitudes towards GM foods.
Article
Neurosciences
Anderson Velasque Catarina, Gisele Branchini, Lais Bettoni, Jarbas Rodrigues De Oliveira, Fernanda Bordignon Nunes
Summary: Sepsis, a major cause of morbidity and mortality in ICUs worldwide, can lead to severe brain injuries. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is primarily caused by inflammatory and oxidative processes, with damage to the blood-brain barrier playing a significant role. Further studies and experimental advancements are crucial for understanding the complex pathophysiology of SAE and developing effective treatments and therapies.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Konstantin A. Krychtiuk, Christiaan Vrints, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber, Walter S. Speidl
Summary: Despite advances in cardiovascular medicine and the use of mechanical circulatory support systems, mortality rates for cardiogenic shock remain high. Currently used therapeutic measures have limited evidence supporting their effectiveness, highlighting the need for further action. This educational review focuses on defining cardiogenic shock, discussing current treatment strategies, and summarizing knowledge on the underlying mechanisms, particularly inflammation and microvascular disturbances, which may lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Nina Pilat, Fadi Issa, Xunrong Luo, Anita Chong, Jonathan Bromberg, Katja Kotsch
Summary: The second International Transplant Science (ITS) meeting, held in Berlin in May 2022, served as a global platform for discussions and presentations on the latest advancements in transplantation. Topics such as tolerance mechanisms, biomarkers, big data, and artificial intelligence were covered. Attendees not only gained knowledge but also found inspiration and excitement through networking sessions and discussions with fellow scientists.
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chao Zhao, Qujian Li, Xingu Zhong, Tianyu Zhang
Summary: A composite cementitious material named as porous metal concrete (PMC) is proposed in this study, which has excellent characteristics such as large plastic deformation and superior energy absorption properties. The presence of porous metal may be one of the possible reasons for the excellent mechanical properties of PMC.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bharat Narasimhan, Devika Aggarwal, Priyanka Satish, Bharat Kantharia, Wilbert S. Aronow
Summary: POTS diagnosis and management remain extremely challenging, with treatment focusing on characterizing pathophysiological phenotypes and starting with lifestyle measures followed by pharmacological and supplemental therapies. Experimental therapies have shown promise in recent years, including cardiac neuromodulation.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Hanjay Wang, Simar S. Bajaj, Aravind Krishnan, Joseph C. Heiler, Kiah M. Williams, Joshua M. Pickering, Keerthi Manjunatha, Mark Sanchez, Christian T. O'Donnell, Jack H. Boyd
Summary: The study found that a small minority of cardiothoracic surgeons in the United States actively lead basic science research. These surgeons are more likely to have engaged in basic science research publications during training and have active National Institutes of Health funding support, especially R01 grants.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Athanasios K. Anagnostopoulos, Anastasios Gaitanis, Ioannis Gkiozos, Emmanouil Athanasiadis, Sofia N. Chatziioannou, Konstantinos N. Syrigos, Dimitris Thanos, Achilles N. Chatziioannou, Nikolaos Papanikolaou
Summary: This review discusses the application of radiogenomics in cancer assessment, highlighting its limitations and offering solutions for clinical translation. Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, has been studied using genomics and other high-throughput methods. Radiogenomics integrates genomics and radiomics to identify the molecular basis of imaging phenotypes. This review provides an overview of radiogenomics and its limitations in lung cancer clinical applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hana Vasatko, Lukas Gosch, Julian Jauk, Milena Stavric
Summary: The subject of this research is the growth of mycelium-based composites and their basic material properties. The study found that the composite material has qualities suitable for compression-only structures, temporary assemblies, and acoustic and thermal insulation. The research results have established a database for future investigations and applications.
Article
Biology
Corey T. Callaghan, Maureen Thompson, Adam Woods, Alistair G. B. Poore, Diana E. Bowler, Fabrice Samonte, Jodi J. L. Rowley, Nadiah Roslan, Richard T. Kingsford, William K. Cornwell, Richard E. Major
Summary: One way to improve the value of citizen science data is through promoting adaptive sampling. In a study using the FrogID project in Australia, it was found that participants were willing to adopt an adaptive sampling protocol, resulting in improved sampling of biodiversity. Adaptive sampling can increase the value of citizen science data for biodiversity research and project design.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Takafumi Mizuno, Tohru Hosoyama, Makiko Tomida, Yoko Yamamoto, Yuko Nakamichi, Shigeaki Kato, Minako Kawai-Takaishi, Shinya Ishizuka, Yukiko Nishita, Chikako Tange, Hiroshi Shimokata, Shiro Imagama, Rei Otsuka
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency may affect muscle strength and contribute to the onset of sarcopenia. However, the relationship between vitamin D and muscle mass is unclear.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Susan M. Meffert
Summary: The Lancet Commission on Global Mental Health recommends including research on the biological underpinnings of mental disorders in efforts to reduce the global burden of mental disorders. It is important for global mental health researchers to take on the challenge and advance impactful research across the full translational spectrum.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Brett White, Ali Ghobadi
Summary: Medical schools have struggled with integrating basic science education with clinical application in the early curriculum. This article reviews three models used for clinical application of basic science education, including clinical retrofitting, parallel session development, and session co-creation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jessica R. de Bruyn, Peter Bossuyt, Marc Ferrante, Rachel L. West, Gerard Dijkstra, Ben J. Witteman, Manon Wildenberg, Frank Hoentjen, Denis Franchimont, Esme Clasquin, Jarmila D. van der Bilt, Tim Tollens, Willem A. Bemelman, Andre D'Hoore, Marjolijn Duijvestein, Geert R. D'Haens
Summary: High-dose vitamin D did not reduce the incidence of postoperative endoscopic or clinical recurrence of Crohn's disease in patients who underwent ileocolonic resection with ileocolonic anastomosis, compared with placebo.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marit Navis, Vanesa Muncan, Per Torp Sangild, Line Moller Willumsen, Pim J. Koelink, Manon E. Wildenberg, Evan Abrahamse, Thomas Thymann, Ruurd M. van Elburg, Ingrid B. Renes
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Gisbert-Ferrandiz, Jesus Cosin-Roger, Carlos Hernandez, Dulce C. Macias-Ceja, Dolores Ortiz-Masia, Pedro Salvador, Wildenberg ME, Juan V. Esplugues, Rafael Alos, Francisco Navarro, Sara Calatayud, Maria D. Barrachina
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florien Westendorp, Olga N. Karpus, Pim J. Koelink, Jacqueline L. M. Vermeulen, Sander Meisner, Jan Koster, Nike V. J. A. Buller, Manon E. Wildenberg, Vanesa Muncan, Gijs R. van den Brink
Summary: The loss of Indian Hedgehog signaling may enhance colonic adenomagenesis and promote the development of colorectal cancer by upregulating ErbB pathway family members in colonic stromal cells. Indian Hedgehog plays a critical role as a stromal tumor suppressor in the intestine by regulating epithelial proliferation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manon de Krijger, Manon E. Wildenberg, Aart Mookhoek, Sascha Verheul, Wouter J. de Jonge, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen
Summary: This study found abundant gut-homing T cells in pouch mucosa, but does not support the traditional hypothesis that the chronic inflammatory state is maintained by an accumulation of alpha 4 beta 7-expressing effector T cells. The presence of gut-homing markers CCR9 and alpha 4 beta 7 was more pronounced in biopsies compared with peripheral blood, but did not increase during active inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sarah Ouahoud, Rutger J. Jacobs, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch, G. M. Fuhler, Jarom Heijmans, Sander Diks, Manon E. Wildenberg, Lucas J. A. C. Hawinkels, Liudmila L. Kodach, Philip W. Voorneveld, James C. H. Hardwick
Summary: This study reveals that statins induce BMP-specific activation of PTEN and inhibit PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in CRC. The effects of statins on cell signaling are specific and can be distinguished from nonspecific, toxic effects. Experiments in xenografts and in patients treated with Simvastatin confirm the activation of the BMP pathway, PTEN, and downregulation of mTOR signaling.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marileen M. C. Prins, Francesca P. Giugliano, Manon van Roest, Stan F. J. van de Graaf, Pim J. Koelink, Manon E. Wildenberg
Summary: The ATG16L1 T300A SNP is linked to Crohn's disease and impairs autophagy, resulting in reduced migration capacity of epithelial cells due to increased SQSTM1 and ARHGAP18 proteins, which subsequently lead to decreased RhoA activation.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Marileen M. Prins, Bram Verstockt, Marc Ferrante, Severine Vermeire, Manon E. Wildenberg, Pim J. Koelink
Summary: The expression levels of TREM-1 in CD14+ monocytes are predictive of response to anti-TNF therapy in patients with IBD, with high TREM-1 expression leading to suppressed differentiation towards regulatory macrophages. This is associated with decreased autophagy and Fc gamma R activity, which may explain non-response to anti-TNF therapy in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Marileen M. C. Prins, Manon van Roest, Jacqueline L. M. Vermeulen, G. Sandra Tjabringa, Stan F. J. van de Graaf, Pim J. Koelink, Manon E. Wildenberg
Summary: The study identified SNPs in the autophagy pathways in six myeloid cell line-derived dendritic cell-like cells, with MM6 and THP1 derived cd-DCs showing the closest resemblance to monocyte-derived DCs in marker expression, cytokine profiles, and autophagy response. HL60 and U937 cell lines were found to be the least suitable for autophagy-related dendritic cell research. Genetic background should be considered when studying the effects of autophagy in cell lines, and MM6 and THP1 derived cd-DCs are the most suitable for autophagy-related research in dendritic cells.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lianne Heuthorst, Aart Mookhoek, Manon E. Wildenberg, Geert R. D'Haens, Willem A. Bemelman, Christianne J. Buskens
Summary: The study found that the histological features of UC appendices resemble UC rather than acute appendicitis, and the presence of active appendiceal inflammation is common in UC patients and does not correlate with colonic disease activity. Over 50% of UC patients in remission showed active histological disease in the appendix, and favorable response to appendectomy for refractory UC cases with ulcerative appendicitis was observed, supporting the role of the appendix as a pivotal organ in UC.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tania Martins Garcia, Manon van Roest, Jacqueline L. M. Vermeulen, Sander Meisner, Jan Koster, Manon E. Wildenberg, Ruurd M. van Elburg, Vanesa Muncan, Ingrid B. Renes
Summary: This study investigated whether the effects of early life antibiotic use on the gut persist into adulthood and whether there are long-term consequences for gut functioning. The results showed that the majority of the antibiotic-induced gut effects did not persist into adulthood, but early life antibiotic use did impact later life gut functioning.
Article
Immunology
Manon de Krijger, Ishtu L. Hageman, Andrew Y. F. Li Yim, Jan Verhoeff, Juan J. Garcia Vallejo, Patricia H. P. van Hamersveld, Evgeni Levin, Theodorus B. M. Hakvoort, Manon E. Wildenberg, Peter Henneman, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen, Wouter J. de Jonge
Summary: Distinguishing patients with PSC-UC from those with UC alone is possible through peripheral blood DNA methylation, indicating a potential for biomarker development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tania Martins Garcia, Manon van Roest, Jacqueline L. M. Vermeulen, Sander Meisner, Wouter L. Smit, Joana Silva, Pim J. Koelink, Jan Koster, William J. Faller, Manon E. Wildenberg, Ruurd M. van Elburg, Vanesa Muncan, Ingrid B. Renes
Summary: The study found that early-life antibiotic treatment has direct and indirect effects on neonatal IECs, influencing their maturation and functioning, as well as reducing the metabolic capacity of intestinal fetal organoids.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leonie C. S. De Vries, Mohammed Ghiboub, Patricia H. P. van Hamersveld, Olaf Welting, Caroline Verseijden, Matthew J. Bell, Inmaculada Rioja, Rabinder K. Prinjha, Pim J. Koelink, Birgit Strobl, Mathias Muller, Geert R. D. Haens, Manon E. Wildenberg, Wouter J. De Jonge
Summary: The study investigates the role of TYK2 and its inhibitor TYK2i in experimental colitis. TYK2i effectively alleviates symptoms of colitis in mice, while T cells with TYK2 kinase activity deficiency also exhibit similar effects. The differentiation of human Th1 cells is also affected by TYK2i.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonathan H. M. van der Meer, Karin A. T. G. M. Wasmann, Jarmila D. W. van der Bilt, Marte A. J. Becker, Marja A. Boermeester, Willem A. Bemelman, Manon E. Wildenberg, Christianne J. Buskens
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2020)