Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anna Bergauer, Robin van Osch, Silke van Elferen, Sofia Gyllvik, Hrishikesh Venkatesh, Rudy Schreiber
Summary: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive, affective, and motor dysfunction. The main pathophysiological mechanisms are chronic neuroinflammation, hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) accumulation and neurodegeneration. Currently, CTE can solely be diagnosed post mortem based on the spatial pattern of tau-accumulation. This article discusses candidate imaging and fluid biomarkers for ante mortem diagnosis of CTE, highlighting the need for further validation and potential approaches using machine learning and proteomic profiling.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Carlijn E. Bruggeling, Maarten te Groen, Daniel R. Garza, Famke van Heeckeren Tot Overlaer, Joyce P. M. Krekels, Basma-Chick Sulaiman, Davy Karel, Athreyu Rulof, Anne R. Schaaphok, Daniel L. A. H. Hornikx, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Bas E. Dutilh, Frank Hoentjen, Annemarie Boleij
Summary: This prospective cohort study found that colonic bacterial biofilms are common in ulcerative colitis (UC) and may increase the risk of dysplasia through oncogenic traits. Moreover, the study also found that bacterial composition is associated with biofilms and dysplasia risk. The presence of biofilms is not significantly associated with dysplasia in UC, while ClbB is independently associated with dysplasia and FadA and Fusobacteriales are associated with a decreased risk of dysplasia in UC.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mei Tian, Xuexin He, Chentao Jin, Xiao He, Shuang Wu, Rui Zhou, Xiaohui Zhang, Kai Zhang, Weizhong Gu, Jing Wang, Hong Zhang
Summary: Pathology is a medical specialty focused on studying the nature and causes of disease, and plays a crucial role in connecting basic research and clinical medicine. Challenges such as invasiveness and sample representativeness limitations exist in traditional pathology, while molecular imaging provides a noninvasive way to visualize and measure biological processes at the molecular level. A new pathophysiology visualization system based on molecular imaging is showing great potential in reforming pathological practice, driving improvements in trans-scale imaging, transparency, and translation processes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Jizhou Zhang, Jianan Li, Haixin Sun, Shenwang Jiang, Yuhan Zhang, Yiwen Chen, Jinhua Zhang, Tingfa Xu
Summary: This article proposes an intelligent telepathology imaging terminal system, which utilizes Fourier ptychographic microscopy to obtain images and uses a CNN model for reconstruction, achieving high-quality digital images and phase maps.
Review
Oncology
Gregory Verghese, Jochen K. Lennerz, Danny Ruta, Wen Ng, Selvam Thavaraj, Kalliopi P. Siziopikou, Threnesan Naidoo, Swapnil Rane, Roberto Salgado, Sarah E. Pinder, Anita Grigoriadis
Summary: Computational pathology refers to the use of deep learning techniques and algorithms to analyze and interpret histopathology images. Despite its promising potential, the integration of computational pathology in clinical settings is hindered by various obstacles, including operational, technical, regulatory, ethical, financial, and cultural challenges.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Marek Kuzniar, Anders Wanhainen, Gustaf Tegler, Tomas Hansen, Kevin Mani
Summary: This study characterized the inflammation and its transformation over time in acute type B aortic dissection (ATBAD) using F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) with contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed increased FDG uptake in the descending aorta during the acute phase, which decreased in the subacute phase and remained stable thereafter. Inflammation subsided early in the ascending aorta and aortic arch, while it stabilized later in the descending aorta. The presence of MRI signs of inflammation was more frequent in patients who later needed surgical treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Rafi Haque, Caroline M. Watson, Jiaqi Liu, E. Kathleen Carter, Duc M. Duong, James J. Lah, Aliza P. Wingo, Blaine R. Roberts, Erik C. B. Johnson, Andrew J. Saykin, Leslie M. Shaw, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Thomas S. Wingo, Allan I. Levey
Summary: This study developed a reliable and high-throughput mass spectrometry assay to detect 48 key proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and found that this panel of proteins performed at least as well as existing biomarkers in predicting clinical diagnosis, brain imaging results, cognitive decline, and dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease. Combining this panel with existing biomarkers significantly improved diagnostic accuracy and prediction of disease progression.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Korsuk Sirinukunwattana, Enric Domingo, Susan D. Richman, Keara L. Redmond, Andrew Blake, Clare Verrill, Simon J. Leedham, Aikaterini Chatzipli, Claire Hardy, Celina M. Whalley, Chieh-Hsi Wu, Andrew D. Beggs, Ultan McDermott, Philip D. Dunne, Angela Meade, Steven M. Walker, Graeme Murray, Leslie Samuel, Matthew Seymour, Ian Tomlinson, Phil Quirke, Timothy Maughan, Jens Rittscher, Viktor H. Koelzer
Summary: This study utilized deep learning to analyze histological images of colorectal cancer tissue samples and successfully predicted consensus molecular subtypes, addressing the issue of molecular classification. The image-based classification method accurately identified samples that were unclassifiable by RNA expression analysis, showing potential for biological stratification.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yifan Huang, Ying Li, Wensen Lin, Shuhao Fan, Haorong Chen, Jiaojiao Xia, Jiang Pi, Jun-Fa Xu
Summary: This review provides an overview of the role and characteristics of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tuberculosis (TB). CircRNAs, as a type of non-coding RNA, play crucial regulatory roles in the development and progression of TB, and have the potential to serve as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Crescenzi, Zubair Baloch
Summary: The use of immunohistochemistry is crucial in thyroid pathology, going beyond the confirmation of thyroid origin to include molecular profiling and prediction of clinical behavior. It has also influenced the classification scheme of thyroid tumors. Immunostains should be interpreted in conjunction with cytologic and architectural features, and their validation is essential for specimens with limited cellularity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen Crosier, Debbie Hicks, Edward C. Schwalbe, Daniel Williamson, Sarah Leigh Nicholson, Amanda Smith, Janet C. Lindsey, Antony Michalski, Barry Pizer, Simon Bailey, Nick Bown, Gavin Cuthbert, Stephen B. Wharton, Thomas S. Jacques, Abhijit Joshi, Steven C. Clifford
Summary: The application of advanced molecular pathology in rare tumors faces challenges such as low sample numbers and accessibility to specialized expertise. A nationwide trial on medulloblastoma demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of coordinated real-time centralised pathology review (CPR) in providing robust diagnostics and altering clinical management. It was found that engagement of a specialist pathologist panel was essential for achieving consensus in histological assessments.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Julia Naso, Ying-Chun Lo, Lynette M. M. Sholl
Summary: The pathologic assessment of lung cancers plays a crucial role in guiding treatment strategies for patients with both early and advanced-stage disease. Accurate diagnosis is fundamental, even with limited sample sizes from minimally invasive techniques. Predictive biomarker testing is essential, especially for NSCLC patients considered for immunotherapy or targeted therapy. This review focuses on the best practices for NSCLC diagnosis using morphology and immunohistochemistry, providing surgeons with necessary information to evaluate pathology reports. Clinicians should also be aware of immunohistochemical and genomic biomarkers to drive therapy decisions and ensure timely access to treatments.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
C. J. H. Kramer, M. P. G. Vreeswijk, B. Thijssen, T. Bosse, J. Wesseling
Summary: The role of pathology in patient management has shifted from retrospective evaluation to prospective outlook. Traditional two-dimensional tissue slides have reached their informational limits, calling for technological innovation to support improved individualized treatment options. This article reviews pioneering work in cancer pathology and discusses exciting new technologies to enhance the prognostic and predictive value of cancer pathology.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Valentina Moccia, Alessandro Sammarco, Laura Cavicchioli, Massimo Castagnaro, Laura Bongiovanni, Valentina Zappulli
Summary: This article summarizes the research literature on extracellular vesicles (EVs) in animals between 1984 and 2021, focusing on approximately 220 scientific papers. The study finds that EVs play important roles in animal physiology and pathophysiology, disease diagnosis markers, and potential transporters for therapies and vaccines. The article also highlights the significance of EVs shed within animal milk.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eftychia Chatziioannou, Jana Rossner, Thazin New Aung, David L. Rimm, Heike Niessner, Ulrike Keim, Lina Maria Serna-Higuita, Irina Bonzheim, Luis Kuhn Cuellar, Dana Westphal, Julian Steininger, Friedegund Meier, Oltin Tiberiu Pop, Stephan Forchhammer, Lukas Flatz, Thomas Eigentler, Claus Garbe, Martin Roecken, Teresa Amaral, Tobias Sinnberga
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in cutaneous melanoma. The analysis of 321 primary tumors and 191 metastatic samples showed that low eTILs were closely associated with unfavorable prognosis. In therapy-naive metastases, high eTILs were associated with better survival outcomes in patients receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bertille Campion, Edouard Larrey, Mathilde Wagner, Marika Rudler, Dominique Thabut, Manon Allaire
CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jordi Rimola, Victor Sapena, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Anna Darnell, Laura Forzenigo, Aline Maehringer-Kunz, Anita Paisant, Matteo Renzulli, Wolfgang Schima, Sylvain Terraz, Carlos Valls, Mathilde Wagner, Carmen Ayuso, Valerie Vilgrain, Maria Reig, Maxime Ronot
Summary: This study assessed and compared the reliability of LI-RADS v.2018 and EASL criteria for the diagnosis of HCC using MRI with ECAs and GA. The agreement for definite HCC diagnosis was substantial and similar for both scoring systems and the two contrast agents in small focal liver lesions. However, the agreement for LI-RADS categorization was lower, and including LI-RADS ancillary features did not improve agreement.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martina Sciberras, Konstantinos Karmiris, Catarina Nascimento, Trevor Tabone, Penelope Nikolaou, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Abigail Mula, Idan Goren, Henit Yanai, Hadar Amir, Gerassimnos J. Mantzaris, Tereza Georgiadi, Kalliopi Foteinogiannopoulou, Ioannis Koutroubakis, Mariangela Allocca, Gionata Fiorino, Federica Furfaro, Konstantinos Katsanos, Fotios Fousekis, George Michalopoulos, Liberato Camilleri, Joana Torres, Pierre Ellul
Summary: This study assessed the prevalence of depression/anxiety, presenteeism and exercise levels among IBD patients. The results showed that a significant percentage of IBD patients in remission suffer from anxiety and/or depression. Depression/anxiety was associated with a sedentary lifestyle, lower presenteeism at work, and unemployment.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jordi Rimola, Joana Torres, Shankar Kumar, Stuart A. Taylor, Torsten Kucharzik
Summary: Endoscopy, the reference standard for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis and assessment, has limitations. Cross-sectional imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and intestinal ultrasound (IUS) are better tolerated, safer, and can examine the entire bowel. They also allow visualization of the small-bowel and assessment of extraintestinal disease, making them viable alternatives to colonoscopy for diagnosing and monitoring Crohn's disease.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Henit Yanai, Anna Kagramanova, Oleg Knyazev, Joao Sabino, Shana Haenen, Gerassimos J. Mantzaris, Katerina Mountaki, Alessandro Armuzzi, Daniela Pugliese, Federica Furfaro, Gionata Fiorino, David Drobne, Tina Kurent, Sharif Yassin, Nitsan Maharshak, Fabiana Castiglione, Roberto de Sire, Olga Maria Nardone, Klaudia Farkas, Tamas Molnar, Zeljko Krznaric, Marko Brinar, Elena Chashkova, Moran Livne Margolin, Uri Kopylov, Cristina Bezzio, Ariella Bar-Gil Shitrit, Milan Lukas, Maria Chaparro, Marie Truyens, Stephane Nancey, Triana Lobaton, Javier P. Gisbert, Simone Saibeni, Peter Bacsur, Peter Bossuyt, Julien Schulberg, Frank Hoentjen, Chiara Vigano, Andrea Palermo, Joana Torres, Joana Reves, Konstantinos Karmiris, Magdalini Velegraki, Edoardo Savarino, Panagiotis Markopoulos, Eftychia Tsironi, Pierre Ellul, Cristina Calvino Suarez, Roni Weisshof, Dana Ben-Hur, Timna Naftali, Carl Eriksson, Ioannis E. Koutroubakis, Kalliopi Foteinogiannopoulou, Jimmy K. Limdi, Eleanor Liu, Gerard Suris, Emma Calabrese, Francesca Zorzi, Rafal Filip, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Yifat Snir, Idan Goren, Hagar Banai-Eran, Yelena Broytman, Hadar Amir Barak, Irit Avni-Biron, Jacob E. Ollech, Iris Dotan, Maya Aharoni Golan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early prophylaxis with biologics in preventing endoscopic-post-operative-recurrence (ePOR) in Crohn's disease (CD) after ileocecal resection (ICR). The study compared the effectiveness of anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy with vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST). The results showed that 60% of patients successfully prevented ePOR within 1 year after surgery. Patients treated with VDZ or UST were more difficult to treat. After controlling for confounders, there were no differences in ePOR risk between anti-TNF prophylaxis and other treatment groups.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joana Torres, Catarina Gomes, Camilla Jensen, Manasi Agrawal, Francisco Morao, Tine Jess, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Kristine H. Allin, Johan Burisch
Summary: In this study, risk factors for unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients to develop the disease were identified. These findings provide an opportunity for counseling IBD relatives.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joana Torres, Maria Chaparro, Mette Julsgaard, Konstantinos Katsanos, Zuzana Zelinkova, Manasi Agrawal, Sandro Ardizzone, Marjo Campmans-Kuijpers, Gabriele Dragoni, Marc Ferrante, Gionata Fiorino, Emma Flanagan, Catarina Frias Gomes, Ailsa Hart, Charlotte Rose Hedin, Pascal Juillerat, Annemarie Mulders, Par Myrelid, Aoibhlinn O'Toole, Pauline Riviere, Michael Scharl, Christian Philipp Selinger, Elena Sonnenberg, Murat Toruner, Jantien Wieringa, C. Janneke Van der Woude
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Edouard Larrey, Bertille Campion, Manon Evain, Philippe Sultanik, Lorraine Blaise, Heloise Giudicelli, Mathilde Wagner, Philippe Cluzel, Marika Rudler, Nathalie Ganne-Carrie, Dominique Thabut, Manon Allaire
Summary: Atezolizumab-bevacizumab treatment is associated with a higher risk of acute variceal bleeding (AVB) in cirrhotic patients, especially those with a history of AVB. Therefore, the use of bevacizumab should be cautious in this setting.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Claudia Campani, Jessica Bamba-Funck, Bertille Campion, Sabrina Sidali, Lorraine Blaise, Nathalie Ganne-Carrie, Alix Demory, Olivier Sutter, Edouard Larrey, Manon Evain, Haroun Ghannouchi, Mathilde Wagner, Fabio Marra, Angela Sutton, Manon Allaire, Jean-Charles Nault
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) early response and its combination with albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with AtezoBev. The results showed that AFP early response was associated with disease response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. The combination of AFP early response and ALBI grade improved prognostic prediction.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manasi Agrawal, Joana Torres
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joana Torres, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Jean-Yves Mary
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marc Ferrante, Peter M. Irving, Maria T. Abreu, Jeffrey Axler, Xiang Gao, Qian Cao, Toshimitsu Fujii, Astrid Rausch, Joana Torres, Ezequiel Neimark, Alexandra Song, Kori Wallace, Kristina Kligys, Sofie Berg, Xiaomei Liao, Qing Zhou, Jasmina Kalabic, Brian Feagan, Remo Panaccione
Summary: This post-hoc analysis found that maintenance therapy with risankizumab can lead to durable improvement in clinical and endoscopic outcomes for patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease, achieving the treatment goals of durable clinical remission, endoscopic healing, and biomarker normalization.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David T. Rubin, Joana Torres, Iris Dotan, Lan Terry Xu, Irene Modesto, John C. Woolcott, Sean Gardiner, Bruce E. Sands
Summary: This study analyzed online patient communications to identify the most frequent triggers and symptoms of ulcerative colitis (UC) flares. The findings revealed that patients commonly reported diet, stress, and anxiety as triggers for UC flares. These results suggest the importance of a holistic approach to monitoring and managing UC.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonas J. Rudbaek, Manasi Agrawal, Joana Torres, Saurabh Mehandru, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Tine Jess
Summary: The authors review evidence on the preclinical phase of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), outlining and describing the proposed at-risk, initiation and expansion phases. Overlap with other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is discussed alongside the possible future directions for research into preclinical IBD.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David P. Hudesman, Joana Torres, Leonardo Salese, John C. Woolcott, Rajiv Mundayat, Chinyu Su, Mahmoud H. Mosli, Jessica R. Allegretti
Summary: This article is a post hoc analysis of the long-term treatment effects of tofacitinib in patients with ulcerative colitis. The results show that most patients maintained normal rectal bleeding and improved stool frequency for up to 4 years of follow-up, and disease-specific health-related quality of life also improved.
PATIENT-PATIENT CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH
(2023)