Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yang Zhang, Xiliang Zhao, Yicong Ye, Quan Li, Yong Zeng
Summary: This study investigated the association between CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms and the risk of cardiovascular events in patients who received clopidogrel after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The results showed that patients with two copies of loss-of-function (LOF) alleles had a higher risk of ischemic events at 3 months post-PCI, but this difference was not sustained for 12 months.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Larisa H. H. Cavallari, Nita A. A. Limdi, Amber L. L. Beitelshees, James C. C. Lee, Julio D. D. Duarte, Francesco Franchi, Sony Tuteja, Jay Giri, Philip E. E. Empey, Rolf P. P. Kreutz, Todd C. C. Skaar, John M. M. Allen, James C. C. Coons, Yan Gong, Caitrin W. W. McDonough, James M. M. Stevenson, Cameron D. D. Thomas, Julie A. A. Johnson, George A. A. Stouffer, Dominick J. J. Angiolillo, Craig R. Lee
Summary: Black patients and White patients have similar rates of P2Y(12) inhibitor prescribing after genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy selection following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yu-Wei Chen, Yi-Ju Liao, Wei-Chun Chang, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Ching-Heng Lin, Chiann-Yi Hsu, Tsun-Jui Liu, Wen-Lieng Lee, Yi-Ming Chen
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles and clinical outcomes in East Asian patients receiving clopidogrel and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The results showed that CYP2C19 poor metabolizers were associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and stroke in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi Zhang, Xiu-Jin Shi, Wen-Xing Peng, Jia-Lun Han, Bai-Di Lin, Ru Zhang, Yun-Nan Zhang, Jia-Lin Yan, Juan-Juan Wei, Yi-Fan Wang, Su-Wei Chen, Nan Nan, Zhen-Wei Fang, Yong Zeng, Yang Lin
Summary: The study found that prescribing ticagrelor for patients with CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles can reduce the risk of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events, supporting the implementation of CYP2C19 gene-guided antiplatelet therapy in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Se-Eun Kim, Ho-Sung Jeon, Tae-Hwa Go, Jung-Hee Lee, Jun-Won Lee, Young Jin Youn, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Hyung Joon Joo, Do-Sun Lim, Kiyuk Chang, Yongwhi Park, Young Bin Song, Jung-Won Suh, Sang Yeob Lee, Jung Rae Cho, Ae-Young Her, Hyo-Soo Kim, Moo Hyun Kim, Eun-Seok Shin, Diana A. Gorog, Udaya S. Tantry, Paul A. Gurbel, Young-Hoon Jeong, Sung Gyun Ahn, PTRG DES Consortium Investigators
Summary: In Korean patients treated with DES, those with both high platelet reactivity and CYP2C19 gene loss-of-function alleles had the highest risk of adverse cardiac events. Combining platelet reactivity and CYP2C19 genotype can improve the prediction of patient outcomes.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ahmed Shawky, Hussein Sabit, Mahmoud Nazih, Khalid Baraka, Mokhtar El-Zawahry
Summary: This study identified the genetic variations in the CYP2C19 gene and followed up with patients for 1 year to monitor adverse cardiovascular events. The results showed that CYP2C19 gene mutations were associated with impaired clopidogrel metabolism, and demographic factors such as age, residency, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were also related to abnormal drug metabolism.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Arun Kumar, Pamela L. Lutsey, Wendy L. St. Peter, Jon C. Schommer, Jeremy R. Van't Hof, Abhijeet Rajpurohit, Joel F. Farley
Summary: In acute coronary syndrome following percutaneous coronary intervention, newer P2Y12 inhibitors (ticagrelor and prasugrel) reduce cardiovascular outcomes compared to clopidogrel, but have a higher bleeding risk. This study examines the safety of each inhibitor in a real-world population.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amber L. Beitelshees, Cameron D. Thomas, Philip E. Empey, George A. Stouffer, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Francesco Franchi, Sony Tuteja, Nita A. Limdi, James C. Lee, Julio D. Duarte, Rolf P. Kreutz, Todd C. Skaar, James C. Coons, Jay Giri, Caitrin W. McDonough, Rachel Rowland, James M. Stevenson, Thuy Thai, Mark R. Vesely, Jacob T. Wellen, Julie A. Johnson, Almut G. Winterstein, Larisa H. Cavallari, Craig R. Lee
Summary: The clinical implementation of CYP2C19-guided antiplatelet therapy after PCI has shown better outcomes compared to clopidogrel treatment. For patients with a CYP2C19 loss-of-function variant, alternative therapy significantly reduces the risk of major atherothrombotic events.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ziwei Xi, Jianan Li, Hong Qiu, Tingting Guo, Yong Wang, Yang Li, Jianfeng Zheng, Kefei Dou, Bo Xu, Yongjian Wu, Shubin Qiao, Weixian Yang, Yuejin Yang, Runlin Gao
Summary: This study demonstrates that in patients with SCAD undergoing complex PCI, ticagrelor can significantly reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events compared to clopidogrel, without an increased risk of major bleeding.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wenyao Wang, Chunli Shao, Bo Xu, Jingjia Wang, Min Yang, Jing Chen, Kuo Zhang, Siyuan Wang, Ping Li, Yi-Da Tang
Summary: This study found that post-PCI patients with the CYP2C19 poor metabolizer genotype had the highest rate of major adverse cardio- and cerebro-vascular events (MACCE), while those with the extensive metabolizer genotype had the lowest rate. There was no significant difference in major bleeding rates between the three groups. The prognostic value of the CYP2C19 genotype was observed in male patients, those over 60 years old, with a BMI over 24 kg/m(2), SYNTAX score over 15, current smokers, and patients without chronic kidney disease.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ricky D. Turgeon, Sheri L. Koshman, Yuan Dong, Michelle M. Graham
Summary: This study evaluated P2Y(12) inhibitor adherence trajectories among ACS patients treated with PCI and found five distinct trajectories. Rapid decline and delayed initiation were associated with higher MACE risk overall, while early consistent non-adherence was only associated with higher MACE risk in patients with stents.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yunnan Zhang, Wenxing Peng, Xiujin Shi, Jialun Han, Yifan Wang, Zhenwei Fang, Yang Lin
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in older patients with acute coronary syndrome. The findings suggest that clopidogrel and ticagrelor have comparable clinical benefits in patients aged 65 and above, with clopidogrel associated with a lower risk of major bleeding.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Niels M. R. van der Sangen, Rik Rozemeijer, Dean R. P. P. Chan Pin Yin, Marco Valgimigli, Stephan Windecker, Stefan K. James, Sergio Buccheri, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Jose P. S. Henriques, Michiel Voskuil, Wouter J. Kikkert
Summary: Dual antiplatelet therapy is the standard of care for patients with chronic coronary syndrome and acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, but selecting the optimal duration and composition of treatment poses a major challenge. Current guidelines recommend risk stratification for tailoring treatment, yet various risk scoring methods and testing approaches have not been widely adopted in clinical practice. Further research and validation are needed to determine the effectiveness of these risk stratification methods in improving clinical outcomes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohitosh Biswas, Sumaiya Khatun Kali
Summary: The study showed that stable CAD patients treated with clopidogrel and carrying CYP2C19 LoF alleles undergoing PCI had a significantly increased risk of MACE compared to non-carriers, especially for Asian patients.
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yujing Cheng, Yan Sun, Dai Zhang, Xiaoteng Ma, Chi Liu, Chengping Hu, Tienan Sun, Ziwei Zhao, Xiaoli Liu, Yujie Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking and CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on antiplatelet therapy. The results showed that ticagrelor plus aspirin reduced the recurrence risk of major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in non-smokers, but not in smokers. There were no significant associations between antiplatelet medication and CYP2C19 gene polymorphism for the MACCE recurrence risk.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Haider A. Mejbel, Shuko Harada, Todd M. Stevens, Xiao Huang, George J. Netto, Alexander C. Mackinnon, Sameer Al Diffalha
Summary: MEIS1::NCOA1/2 sarcomas are rare low-grade tumors that often affect the genitourinary and gynecologic tracts. They can be diagnostically challenging due to their similarity to other entities, but molecular pathology plays a crucial role in arriving at an accurate diagnosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Maria D. C. Rodriguez Pena, Aysha Mubeen, Shuko Harada, Carlos Prieto N. Granada
Summary: This study presents an unusual uterine mesenchymal lesion that demonstrates mixed features of endometrial stromal nodule, leiomyoma, and uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor while harboring a JAZF1::BCORL1 gene aberration. This gene aberration has not been previously reported in a benign/low-grade mesenchymal uterine lesion to the best of our knowledge.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Almut G. Winterstein, Thuy N. Thai, Sabina Nduaguba, Nicole E. Smolinski, Xi Wang, Leyla Sahin, Ira Krefting, Kate Gelperin, Steven T. Bird, Sonja A. Rasmussen
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between prenatal magnetic resonance imaging exposure with and without gadolinium-based contrast agents and fetal and neonatal death and neonatal intensive care unit admission. The study found no significant difference in fetal and neonatal death rates between prenatal exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents and non-gadolinium-based contrast agents. The study's findings provide reassurance about the safety of prenatal exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents used in magnetic resonance imaging.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Natalie Larsen, Peter Pavlidakey, Shuko Harada, Carlos N. Prieto-Granada
JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yanmin Zhu, Thuy N. Thai, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz, Brian T. Bateman, Almut G. Winterstein, Loreen Straub, Jessica M. Franklin, Kathryn J. Gray, Richard Wyss, Helen Mogun, Seanna Vine, Lockwood G. Taylor, Rita Ouellet-Hellstrom, Yong Ma, Yandong Qiang, Wei Hua, Krista F. Huybrechts
Summary: A claims-based live birth gestational age algorithm was developed and validated for drug safety surveillance in pregnancy. Four candidate algorithms were developed and validated using Medicaid data. The best-performing algorithm showed high accuracy in predicting gestational age and supported the value of these data in drug safety surveillance during pregnancy.
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lili Liu, Atlas Khan, Elena Sanchez-Rodriguez, Francesca Zanoni, Yifu Li, Nicholas Steers, Olivia Balderes, Junying Zhang, Priya Krithivasan, Robert A. LeDesma, Clara Fischman, Scott J. Hebbring, John B. Harley, Halima Moncrieffe, Leah C. Kottyan, Bahram Namjou-Khales, Theresa L. Walunas, Rachel Knevel, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Joshua C. Denny, Ian B. Stanaway, David Crosslin, Thomas Rauen, Juergen Floege, Frank Eitner, Zina Moldoveanu, Colin Reily, Barbora Knoppova, Stacy Hall, Justin T. Sheff, Bruce A. Julian, Robert J. Wyatt, Hitoshi Suzuki, Jingyuan Xie, Nan Chen, Xujie Zhou, Hong Zhang, Lennart Hammarstroem, Alexander Viktorin, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Ning Shang, George Hripcsak, Chunhua Weng, Tatjana Rundek, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Elizabeth C. Oelsner, R. Graham Barr, Iuliana Ionita-Laza, Jan Novak, Ali G. Gharavi, Krzysztof Kiryluk
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Steven M. M. Smith, Almut G. G. Winterstein, Matthew J. J. Gurka, Marta G. G. Walsh, Shailina Keshwani, Anne M. M. Libby, William R. R. Hogan, Carl J. J. Pepine, Rhonda M. M. Cooper-DeHoff
Summary: This study reveals significant variation in initial antihypertensive prescribing among new users, highlighting a gap between current guideline recommendations and real-world implementation in early hypertension care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Yee Ming Lee, Lucas A. Berenbrok, Marina Galvez-Peralta, Otito Iwuchukwu, David F. Kisor, Natasha J. Petry, Roseann S. Gammal
Summary: As genomic medicine becomes more complex, pharmacists need to work collaboratively with other healthcare professionals to provide genomics-based care. The core competencies of pharmacists in genomics have been updated and mapped to the entrustable professional activities (EPAs). Interprofessional education (IPE) activities involving student pharmacists and students from other healthcare disciplines are crucial to prepare them for a team-based approach to patient-centered care.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shaopeng Gu, Govarthanan Rajendiran, Kennedy Forest, Tam C. C. Tran, Joshua C. C. Denny, Eric A. A. Larson, Russell A. A. Wilke
Summary: This study used retrospective analysis of clinical data from the All of Us database to identify cases of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) related to the use of common antibiotics. The results showed that amoxicillin-clavulanate was the most common cause of DILI among the study participants. The findings highlight the efficiency of mining data from electronic health record-linked research cohorts to identify DILI cases associated with the use of common antibiotics.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabina O. Nduaguba, Phuong T. Tran, Yoonyoung Choi, Almut G. Winterstein
Summary: This study found that while there is a risk of re-infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) after initial infection, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) does not recommend immunoprophylaxis in the same season. The risk of re-infection declines with age in children under 5 years old, but it remains present.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Amir Sarayani, Joshua D. Brown, Christian Hampp, William T. Donahoo, Almut G. Winterstein
Summary: This study examines the deployment of HDPS using different strategies in the transition to the ICD-9/10 system. The results show that mapping ICD codes to CCS concepts can effectively reduce residual bias when using HDPS in pharmacoepidemiologic research.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kaspar Keledjian, Tapas Makar, Chenyu Zhang, Jiantao Zhang, Bosung Shim, Harry Davis, Joseph Bryant, Volodymyr Gerzanich, J. Marc Simard, Richard Y. Zhao
Summary: There are more than 38 million people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide, and more than half of them suffer from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). These disorders are characterized by chronic neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, and central nervous system deterioration, leading to memory loss, cognitive impairment, and motor skill deficits. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between HIV infection, neuroinflammation, and HAND using a mouse model.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
James C. Coons, Philip Empey
Summary: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease that can lead to right ventricular failure and death if left untreated. There are currently 10 approved medications for treatment, but variability in dosing requirements and treatment response is evident, leading to suboptimal outcomes for many patients. Pharmacogenomic associations have been reported with certain PAH medications, explaining some of the variability in response.
PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Julian E. Garcia, Ian R. Mulrenin, Anh B. Nguyen, Matthew S. Loop, Melissa A. Daubert, Rachel Urrutia, Craig R. Lee
Summary: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are becoming more common and have negative effects on both mothers and infants. Labetalol, nifedipine, and methyldopa are recommended as the first-line medications for HDP treatment. However, the actual usage and selection of antihypertensive drugs remains unclear. A retrospective cohort study involving 1,641 HDP patients was conducted, and it was found that 77.8% of patients used antihypertensive medications. Labetalol was the most commonly used medication, followed by nifedipine and hydralazine. The severity of HDP was associated with a higher likelihood of antihypertensive use. Further research comparing medication effectiveness in different types of HDP is needed.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Manju Arona, Darshan S. Chandrashekarc, Sofia Canete-Portilloc, Fadi Brimod, Sean R. Williamsone, Adeboye O. Osunkoyaf, Maria Rosaria Raspollinih, Lakshmi P. Kunjui, Sooryanarayana Varamballyc, Alexander C. Mackinnonc, Shuko Haradac, George J. Nettoc
Summary: Nested urothelial carcinoma (NUC) and large nested urothelial carcinoma (LNUC) of the upper urinary tract are rare tumors. This study provides insights into their clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, revealing better clinical outcomes for LNUC and a higher prevalence of pathogenic mutations in FGFR3 and PIK3CA in LNUC.