Numerical investigation on forced convection of tubes partially filled with composite metal foams under local thermal non-equilibrium condition

In the present study, fully developed forced convection in tubes partially filled with composite metal foams (CMFs) is numerically investigated. In the CMF region, the Brinkman extended Darcy flow model and the local thermal non-equilibrium model are used to predict fluid and thermal transport. At the foam-foam interface in CMF, fluid temperature and solid energy are assumed to be continuous. At the foam-fluid interface, no-slip coupling conditions are used to couple flow and heat transfer of the foam and free regions. Governing equations are solved numerically with SIMPLE algorithm. Momentum and energy equations are discretized using the SGSD finite volume scheme for convective terms. Velocity distribution, temperature profile, the friction factor and Nusselt number in partially-filled CMF tubes are obtained. The results indicate that, porosity gradient has little effect on the friction factor at a low pore density, but the effect increases with increasing pore density. For the fixed pore density gradient, Nusselt number decreases with increasing porosity, and Nusselt number firstly increases sharply and then increases lineally with increasing Reynolds number. For the fixed material gradient, Nusselt number increases lineally with increasing Reynolds number