Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sakura Kirino, Nobuharu Tamaki, Masayuki Kurosaki, Shun Kaneko, Kento Inada, Yuki Tanaka, Shun Ishido, Koji Yamashita, Tsubasa Nobusawa, Hiroaki Matsumoto, Yuka Hayakawa, Tatsuya Kakegawa, Mayu Higuchi, Kenta Takaura, Shohei Tanaka, Chiaki Maeyashiki, Yutaka Yasui, Yuka Takahashi, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Ryuichi Okamoto, Namiki Izumi
Summary: The aim of this study was to establish a target value of ALT level during NA treatment as a risk marker for HCC. The results showed that patients with ALT <21 IU/L at 1 year after NA initiation had a lower risk of HCC.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mengmeng Li, Ying Xu, Kexue Pu, Jie Fan, Zheng Cheng, Hao Chen, Li Zhou
Summary: This study revealed a significant association between CXCL10 gene polymorphisms and the risk of chronic HBV infection in Chinese Han population. The A allele of the rs4508917 in CXCL10 was identified as a risk factor for persistent HBV infection, affecting the response to nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandra Mangia, Rosa Cotugno, Giovanna Cocomazzi, Maria Maddalena Squillante, Valeria Piazzolla
Summary: The World Health Organization's goal of eliminating Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030 using direct-acting antiviral treatments has become less attainable post the 2020 pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. Therefore, a more realistic approach of micro-elimination in population segments where targeted strategies of prevention and treatment are easily attained has been promoted in Europe. Active involvement of stakeholders and community participation are essential components for the success of a micro-elimination project tailored at the geographical level according to HCV epidemiology and individual country's income.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Ru Cheng, Fu Zhu, Min Huang, Qiang Zhang, Hui Hong Yan, Xiao Hui Zhao, Fu Kang Luo, Chun Mei Li, Hui Liu, Gao Lin Liang, Cheng Zhi Huang, Jian Wang
Summary: In this study, a new biosensor named hepatitis virus indicator was developed for the simultaneous detection of HBV and HCV. The biosensor utilized Exo III assisted signal amplification strategy and particle counting technology with a dark-field microscopy, enabling sensitive and selective detection.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Virology
Anna Wroblewska, Anna Woziwodzka, Magda Rybicka, Krzysztof P. Bielawski, Katarzyna Sikorska
Summary: This study found that genetic variants related to iron metabolism are associated with the progression of liver disease in chronic hepatitis C patients. Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms in certain genes are correlated with histopathological changes in liver tissue, and the combination of HDAC3 rs976552 and CYBRD1 rs884409 mutations is associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Polymorphisms related to iron homeostasis are associated with histopathological changes in the liver.
Article
Virology
Kaho H. Tisthammer, Weiyan Dong, Jeffrey B. Joy, Pleuni S. Pennings
Summary: Understanding within-host evolution of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) subtypes is important for predicting viral evolutionary outcomes. This study analyzed within-host mutation frequency patterns of three HCV subtypes, revealing differences in mutation frequencies and nucleotide diversity. Comparison of within-host and between-host selective pressures showed that mutations created within hosts are removed during transmission bottleneck. Natural prevalence of known resistance-associated variants was also found in treatment-naive participants.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
John S. Lubel, Simone I. Strasser, Alexander J. Thompson, Benjamin C. Cowie, Jennifer MacLachlan, Nicole L. Allard, Jacinta Holmes, William W. Kemp, Avik Majumdar, David Iser, Jess Howell, Gail V. Matthews
Summary: This article highlights the importance of hepatitis B infection management in Australia and provides recommendations for timely identification of patients, early initiation of antiviral therapy, and understanding the risk factors for the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emmie de Wit, Brandi N. Williamson, Friederike Feldmann, Kerry Goldin, Michael K. Lo, Atsushi Okumura, Jamie Lovaglio, Elaine Bunyan, Danielle P. Porter, Tomas Cihlar, Greg Saturday, Christina F. Spiropoulou, Heinz Feldmann
Summary: The study found that delayed administration of remdesivir by 3 days still had some efficacy against Nipah virus infection, but it had limited preventive effects on clinical disease.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Christelle Granier, Johan Toesca, Chloe Mialon, Maureen Ritter, Natalia Freitas, Bertrand Boson, Eve-Isabelle Pecheur, Francois-Loic Cosset, Solene Denolly
Summary: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) particles are stable when secreted from cells, but become highly unstable after freeze-thawing of producer cells. Cell-secreted proteins can protect HCV particles from degradation, specifically those that are lipidated and low-density. HCV particles are sensitive to oxidation, but can be protected from lipid oxidation by secreted factors.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fengping Wu, Rui Lu, Yixin Liu, Yikai Wang, Yan Tian, Yaping Li, Mei Li, Wenjun Wang, Xin Zhang, Xiaoli Jia, Shuangsuo Dang
Summary: This study demonstrates that peg-IFN-alpha monotherapy is highly effective and safe for inactive hepatitis B virus carriers, leading to significantly higher rates of HBsAg clearance and seroconversion in the treatment group compared to the control group.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Po-Yao Hsu, Yu-Ju Wei, Po-Cheng Liang, Jia-Jung Lee, Sheng-Wen Niu, Jiun-Chi Huang, Cheng-Ting Hsu, Tyng-Yuan Jang, Ching- Huang, Yi-Hung Lin, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Szu-Chia Chen, Chia-Yen Dai, Zu-Yau Lin, Shinn-Cherng Chen, Jee-Fu Huang, Jer-Ming Chang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Yi-Wen Chiu, Shang-Jyh Hwang, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu
Summary: Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study found that hemodialysis patients with HCV exhibited a higher burden of comorbidities, especially in ischemic heart diseases, respiratory disorders, and mental/behavioral disorders, compared to patients with HBV and those without viral hepatitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Virology
Syeda Kanza Kazmi, Fatima Muhammad Asad Khan, Valentino Natoli, Reem Hunain, Zarmina Islam, Ana Carla dos Santos Costa, Shoaib Ahmad, Mohammad Yasir Essar
Summary: Hepatitis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide, with around 1.34 million deaths annually. Africa is not immune to this issue, with an estimated 100 million individuals infected with Hepatitis B or C. The continent, already fragile, is further burdened by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could potentially worsen the threat from viral diseases like Hepatitis. Strengthening prevention policies is essential for Africa to build resilience against such threats.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julian Hercun, Grace E. Kim, Ben L. Da, Yaron Rotman, David E. Kleiner, Richard Chang, Jeffrey S. Glenn, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Christopher Koh, Theo Heller
Summary: Extended course of peginterferon therapy resulted in sustained clearance of HDV RNA and favorable clinical outcomes in more than half of patients, with about a third clearing HBsAg. Responders had significantly lower rates of death or liver-related events compared to non-responders.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Wen Hou, Xiaoli Wu
Summary: This study investigates the roles of gamma delta T cells in HBV and HCV infections, discussing the different roles they play in the progression of liver diseases at various stages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ming Hui Li, Hui Hui Lu, Qi Qi Chen, Yan Jie Lin, Zhan Zeng, Yao Lu, Lu Zhang, Jian Ping Dong, Wei Yi, Yao Xie
Summary: During antiviral therapy, changes in cytokine levels were observed, with PEG-IFN showing significant decreases in certain cytokines and increases in others compared to ETV. PEG-IFN also had higher rates of HBeAg and HBsAg disappearance compared to ETV, indicating better immune control and functional cure.
BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Yifan Zhang, Talia Gutman, Allison Tong, Jonathan C. Craig, Aditi Sinha, Allison Dart, Allison A. Eddy, Debbie S. Gipson, Detlef Bockenhauer, Hui-Kim Yap, Jaap Groothoff, Michael Zappitelli, Nicholas J.A.Webb, Stephen I. Alexander, Susan Furth, Susan Samuel, Tom D. Blydt-Hansen, Janis Dionne, Mini Michael, Scott E. Wenderfer, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, Steven McTaggart, Amanda Walker, Cortney T. Zimmerman, Angelique F. Ralph, Angela Ju, Laura J. James, Camilla S. Hanson
Summary: Children with chronic kidney disease and their caregivers face numerous barriers in accessing psychosocial and educational support, leading to feelings of disempowerment and isolation. Improved availability and access to psychosocial and educational interventions are needed to enhance the well-being and educational advancement of these children.
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Chandana Guha, Anita van Zwieten, Rabia Khalid, Siah Kim, Amanda Walker, Anna Francis, Madeleine Didsbury, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Belinda Barton, Chanel Prestidge, Emily Lancsar, Fiona Mackie, Joseph Kwon, Kirsten Howard, Kylie-Ann Mallitt, Martin Howell, Allison Jaure, Alison Hayes, Rakhee Raghunandan, Stavros Petrou, Suncica Lah, Steven McTaggart, Jonathan C. Craig, Germaine Wong
Summary: This multi-center longitudinal cohort study aimed to assess the trajectories of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) over time. The results showed that the HRQoL scores differed between children with different CKD stages, and the transition from dialysis to transplantation was significantly associated with the improvement in HRQoL. Children with CKD stage 1-5 and transplant recipients at baseline had stable HRQoL over time.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
C. Green, J. McGinley, C. Sande, S. Capone, S. Makvandi-Nejad, A. Vitelli, L. Silva-Reyes, S. Bibi, C. Otasowie, D. Sheerin, A. Thompson, C. Dold, P. Klenerman, E. Barnes, L. Dorrell, C. Rollier, A. Pollard, D. O'Connor
Summary: In this immunological study, cohorts of healthy younger and older adults were immunized with an adenovirus-vectored RSV vaccine either intramuscularly or intranasally. Differential gene expression was observed in blood samples after intramuscular prime vaccination, but not after intranasal prime vaccination. Intranasally primed participants showed more gene expression changes upon boosting. The gene expression changes mainly involved immune-related biological processes.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Victoria Hamill, Will Gelson, Douglas MacDonald, Paul Richardson, Stephen D. D. Ryder, Mark Aldersley, Stuart McPherson, Sumita Verma, Rohini Sharma, Sharon Hutchinson, Jennifer Benselin, Eleanor Barnes, Indra Neil Guha, William L. L. Irving, Hamish Innes
Summary: This study found that the uptake of biannual ultrasound surveillance in cured hepatitis C cirrhosis patients in the UK is low and there is inequity in its delivery. Only 19% of patients received biannual ultrasound in the first three years after achieving a sustained viral response, and this proportion decreased further to 9% during the follow-up years. The uptake of biannual ultrasound was associated with the hospital attended by the patient, as well as age and cirrhosis decompensation.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aminata Sy, Leanne McCabe, Emma Hudson, Azim M. Ansari, Vincent Pedergnana, Shang-Kuan Lin, S. Santana, Marzia Fiorino, Aftab Ala, Ben Stone, M. Smith, Mark Nelson, Stephen T. Barclay, Stuart McPherson, Stephen D. Ryder, Jane Collier, Eleanor Barnes, Ann Sarah Walker, Sarah L. Pett, Graham Cooke
Summary: The CC genotype of the IFNL4 gene is associated with increased Hepatitis C cure rates. The Genedrive (R) IFNL4 is a CE marked Point of Care molecular diagnostic test for rapid detection of IFNL4 genotype status. Comparing buccal swab PoC testing with genetic sequencing, the buccal swab test showed better accuracy in identifying non-CC genotypes than CC genotypes.
Article
Immunology
Eric H. K. Au, Jeremy R. Chapman, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Jonathan C. Craig, Germaine Wong
Summary: In kidney transplant recipients, cancer incidence and mortality are highest during periods with a functioning graft and remain higher than in the general population even after graft loss.
Article
Immunology
Sile A. Johnson, Eloise Phillips, Sandra Adele, Stephanie Longet, Tom Malone, Chris Mason, Lizzie Stafford, Anni Jamsen, Siobhan Gardiner, Alexandra Deeks, Janice Neo, Emily J. Blurton, Jemima White, Muhammed Ali, Barbara Kronsteiner, Joseph D. Wilson, Donal T. Skelly, Katie Jeffery, Christopher P. Conlon, Philip Goulder, Eleanor PITCH Consortium, Miles Carroll, Eleanor Barnes, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J. Dunachie
Summary: PITCH ELISpot S1 + S2 had greater sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses compared with the QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay tube Ag3, except for the acute infection group. The QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 assay showed potential as a T-cell evaluation tool soon after SARS-CoV-2 infection but has lower sensitivity for use in reliable evaluation of vaccination or more distant infection.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Economics
Joseph Kwon, Sarah Smith, Rakhee Raghunandan, Martin Howell, Elisabeth Huynh, Sungwook Kim, Thomas Bentley, Nia Roberts, Emily Lancsar, Kirsten Howard, Germaine Wong, Jonathan Craig, Stavros Petrou
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of psychometric evidence for generic childhood MAUIs and provides comprehensive evidence on their performance. It assists in selecting instruments based on scientific rigor and identifies gaps and methodological issues for future research.
APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yingxin Lin, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Jonathan C. Craig, Helen Opdam, Jeremy C. Chapman, Henry Pleass, Angus Carter, Natasha M. Rogers, Christopher E. Davies, Stephen McDonald, Jean Yang, Wai H. Lim, Germaine Wong
Summary: The trajectory of blood pressure decline in kidneys donated after circulatory death can predict the risk of delayed graft function. The assessment of haemodynamic changes in donors during the agonal phase may be useful for determining donor suitability and post-transplant outcomes.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jack DeLacy, Leonie Burgess, Mandy Cutmore, Simone Sherriff, Susan Woolfenden, Kathleen Falster, Emily Banks, Alison Purcell, Kelvin Kong, Harvey Coates, John Curotta, Markeeta Douglas, Kym Slater, Aleathia Thompson, Jacqueline Stephens, Juanita Sherwood, Peter McIntyre, Jean Tsembis, Michelle Dickson, Jonathan Craig, Hasantha Gunasekera
Summary: The study found that half of the urban Aboriginal children had otitis media, and two-thirds of children with hearing impairment also had otitis media. This highlights the importance of early detection and support for ear health, especially in preschool-aged children with risk factors.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleanor Barnes, Carl S. Goodyear, Michelle Willicombe, Charlotte Gaskell, Stefan Siebert, Thushan I. de Silva, Sam M. Murray, Daniel Rea, John A. Snowden, Miles Carroll, Sarah Pirrie, Sarah J. Bowden, Susanna J. Dunachie, Alex Richter, Zixiang Lim, Jack Satsangi, Gordon Cook, Ann Pope, Ana Hughes, Molly Harrison, Sean H. Lim, Paul Miller, Paul Klenerman, Pitch Consortium, Neil Basu, Ashley Gilmour, Sophie Irwin, Georgina Meacham, Thomas Marjot, Stavros Dimitriadis, Peter Kelleher, Maria Prendecki, Candice Clarke, Paige Mortimer, Stacey McIntyre, Rachael Selby, Naomi Meardon, Dung Nguyen, Tom Tipton, Stephanie Longet, Stephen Laidlaw, Kim Orchard, Georgina Ireland, David Thomas, Pamela Kearns, Amanda Kirkham, Iain B. McInnes
Summary: Serological analysis and infection outcomes of 2,686 participants with immune-suppressive diseases who received two COVID-19 vaccines revealed specific clinical phenotypes that might benefit from targeted COVID-19 therapeutic strategies. Some patients failed to develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, with the highest vaccine failure rates observed in ANCA-associated vasculitis, hemodialysis, and solid organ transplant recipients. Decreased serological and T cell responses were associated with severe COVID-19. In summary, we identified clinical phenotypes that may benefit from targeted COVID-19 therapeutic strategies.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patrizia Natale, Sharon Chen, Clara K. Chow, Ngai Wah Cheung, David Martinez-Martin, Corinne Caillaud, Nicole Scholes-Robertson, Ayano Kelly, Jonathan C. Craig, Giovanni Strippoli, Allison Jaure
Summary: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can improve self-management and confidence in patients managing diabetes. However, technical issues, uncertainty in readings, and cost may limit its uptake. Education and training from health professionals may help reduce the practical and psychological burden for better patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Economics
Rakhee Raghunandan, Kirsten Howard, Sarah Smith, Anagha Killedar, Erin Cvejic, Martin Howell, Stavros Petrou, Emily Lancsar, Germaine Wong, Jonathan Craig, Alison Hayes
Summary: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the PedsQL GCS and CHU9D in children and adolescents with common chronic health problems. Both instruments showed strong internal consistency, but weak convergent validity. Known group validity was demonstrated for PedsQL GCS, while CHU9D was only able to discriminate between certain health conditions.
APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Urology & Nephrology
Siah Kim, Anita Van Zwieten, Chandana Guha, Rabia Khalid, Madeleine Didsbury, Anna Francis, Steven Mctaggart, Fiona Mackie, Chanel Prestidge, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Kirsten Howard, Natasha Nassar, Allison Jaure, Jonathan C. Craig, Germaine Wong
Meeting Abstract
Urology & Nephrology
Adela Yip, Brydee Cashmore, Adam Mullan, Alex Currie, Chandana Guha, Hicham C. Hassan, Ieuan Wickham, Lyn Lloyd, Martin Howell, Matthew Jose, Nicole Scholes-Robertson, Jonathan C. Craig, Allison Jaure, David J. Tunnicliffe