Article
Automation & Control Systems
Dmitry Egorov, Ilya Petrov, Juha J. Pyrhonen, Joosep Link, Raivo Stern, Peter Sergeant, Bulent Sarlioglu
Summary: This study assesses the hysteresis behavior of two NdFeB PM grades with different magnetic properties in a PMSM. The results indicate that hysteresis loss resulting from structural imperfections and magnet geometry may introduce considerable loss in NdFeB PMs applied in rotating electrical machines.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Artur Chrobak
Summary: This paper discusses spring-exchange magnetic systems that consist of magnetically soft and hard phases. It consists of two parts: a review of hard magnetic materials, focusing on ultra-high coercive compounds and selected spring-exchange systems; and a theoretical discussion based on Monte Carlo micromagnetic simulations on the possible enhancement of the hard magnetic properties of systems with magnetically soft, high, and ultra-high coercive phases. The analyzed systems show potential for improving the |BH|(max) parameter, bridging the gap between conventional and Nd-based permanent magnets. The simulations also indicate the advantages and limitations of spring-exchange composites, which could reduce the need for rare earth elements in permanent magnet applications.
Article
Mechanics
Stefan Hartung, Ingo Rehberg
Summary: The experimental study investigated the coupling of two rotating spherical magnets, finding a cogging-free coupling at specific angles where the driven magnet is phase-locked to the driving one with reversed rotation. For other angles, a more complex dynamical behavior was observed, divided into three different classes based on deviation from periodic motion and total harmonic distortion of the rotation of the driven magnet. The experimental results were explained by a mathematical model with dipole-dipole interaction and friction terms.
ARCHIVE OF APPLIED MECHANICS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hans Tiismus, Ants Kallaste, Toomas Vaimann, Anton Rasso
Summary: Metal additive manufacturing (AM) technology is maturing and is particularly effective in producing parts with unconventional topologies or in small quantities. The electrical machine (EM) research community is integrating AM systems into EM production to create more powerful and efficient topology optimized (TO) EMs. AM pure copper is the most mature material, while AM permanent magnets are the least mature. Printed soft magnetic steels are in between.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Thang Pham, Patrick Kwon, Shanelle Foster
Summary: Additive manufacturing offers advantages in medical, aerospace, and automotive applications by providing flexibility and cost-effectiveness for manufacturing complex geometries. Topology optimization explores the optimal distribution of materials within a design space, leading to unique shapes that conventional optimization techniques cannot achieve. Successful integration of additive manufacturing and topology optimization can create new tools for machine designers in fabricating magnetic components for electrical machines.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Feiwang Wang, Shitao Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhao, Likun Gao, Xiong Tong, Huixin Dai
Summary: This study investigates the effect of the matching relationship between the main permanent magnets (MPMs) and auxiliary permanent magnets (APMs) on the magnetic field distribution and magnetic separation performance of low-intensity magnetic separators (LIMSs). Increasing the width of the MPM can effectively capture farther magnetic particles and improve the separation performance. The height of the APM should be approximately two-thirds of that of the MPM to achieve satisfactory magnetic field distribution and magnetic separation performance.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mostafa Ahmadi Darmani, Emir Poskovic, Fausto Franchini, Luca Ferraris, Andrea Cavagnino
Summary: This study explores the potential of various types of permanent magnet materials in building and characterizing multilayer magnets, as well as their prospective applications in electrical machines. Bonded magnet and hybrid magnet powders are used to construct double-layer samples, paving the way for building special electrical machines with complex magnetic structures.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sajjad Ur Rehman, Liang Qiao, Ruibiao Zhang
Summary: This manuscript reports new NdPrFeB/Alnico nanocomposite magnetic materials with enhanced Curie temperatures and maximum magnetic energy products. The Curie temperature of the composite alloys is enhanced by adding low-grade Alnico, and the molecular field penetration improves the temperature stability of the magnets. The maximum energy product is enhanced and the magnetostatic and exchange interactions in the alloys were studied.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
H. Wang, T. N. Lamichhane, M. P. Paranthaman
Summary: Permanent magnets (PMs) are crucial in powering various industrial technologies that contribute to our modern society and high standards of living. This paper discusses the roles, challenges, and advantages of utilizing PMs, and explores the potential of additive manufacturing (AM) for PM manufacturing. The future outlook of using AM processes for PM production is also provided.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Benedikt Groschup, Alexandru Rosca, Nora Leuning, Kay Hameyer
Summary: The power density of traction drives can be increased with advanced cooling systems or reduced losses. Studies on soft magnetic material parameters and their influence on magnetization and loss behavior are well-studied, while influencing factors on thermal conductivity are less common. Analysis of eight different soft magnetic materials shows good agreement between analytical and experimental approaches, except for very thin specimens. The study highlights the significant influence of different soft magnetic materials on heat extraction in a given application.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. A. Perigo, D. Tremelling
Summary: A novel concept for constructing synchronous reluctance rotors is proposed, which involves the use of amorphous alloy as initial material and localized crystallization to develop barriers with hard magnetic properties. This approach not only unlocks the potential of nanocrystalline soft/hard magnetic materials but also has significance in terms of energy efficiency and sustainability.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
E. A. Perigo, A. Castagnini, G. Secondo, D. Tremelling
Summary: This study introduces the concept of self-healed permanent magnet machines and discusses their technical feasibility. The remagnetization behavior of hard ferrite magnets and the experimental assessment of engineered parts in an interior PM motor are explored, with a focus on the benefits of using ferrites in terms of element criticality, physical properties, and cost accessibility.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jesus Carlos Guzman-Minguez, Cecilia Granados-Miralles, Patrick Kuntschke, Cesar de Julian Fernandez, Sergey Erokhin, Dmitry Berkov, Thomas Schliesch, Jose Francisco Fernandez, Adrian Quesada
Summary: This study aims to explore the magnetic properties of hard-soft composite permanent magnets and their correlation with microstructure. The experimental results show that increasing the particle size of the soft phase can enhance the remanence in injection molded magnets. Through experimental analysis and simulations, it is revealed that the interaction between the hard and soft phases is of a dipolar nature.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Saud Alshammari, Panos Lazari, Kais Atallah
Summary: The article investigates the use of permanent magnet eddy current couplings for high efficiency power transmission. Simulation studies compare the performance of radial- and axial-field topologies with squirrel cage and conducting sheets in terms of torque transmission density and efficiency. The results show that using a squirrel cage is more suitable for high efficiency power transmission, despite a higher torque transmission density with conducting sheets. A prototype of a radial-field single sided permanent magnet eddy current coupling with a copper squirrel cage is developed and tested, demonstrating good agreement between measurements and predictions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ahmed Selema, Mohamed N. Ibrahim, Peter Sergeant
Summary: The emergence of Additive Manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the electric machine industry by optimizing magnetic flux dynamics, reducing AC conduction effects, and improving thermal management. AM has the potential to reshape the landscape of electric machine components and usher in an era of unprecedented innovation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. Nazmunnahar, S. Simizu, P. R. Ohodnicki, S. Bhattacharya, M. E. McHenry
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
(2019)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ki-Joong Kim, Jeffrey T. Culp, Paul R. Ohodnicki, Patricia C. Cvetic, Sean Sanguinito, Angela L. Goodman, Hyuk Taek Kwon
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Y. Krimer, N. Aronhime, P. Ohodnicki, M. E. McHenry
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tyler W. W. Paplham, Yuankang Wang, David W. W. Greve, Paul R. R. Ohodnicki
Summary: A novel processing technique involving transverse induction heating is demonstrated to produce microstructure variation in soft magnetic alloys over macroscopic lengths, enabling enhanced permeability engineering at component level with previously unattainable spatial/temporal control of thermal processing. Analytical models of transverse coil fields are developed and compared with results obtained using finite element modeling. Experimental processing applied to amorphous Co-based soft magnetic ribbon provides multiple crystallization events as indicators of a highly inhomogeneous temperature profile, with ribbon geometry playing an important role due to eddy current concentration at ribbon edges.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ying Fang, Paul R. Ohodnicki, Guofeng Wang
Summary: In this study, a machine learning based computational approach was developed to investigate the cation distribution in spinel crystals. The approach incorporates construction of datasets, training of machine learning models, and atomistic Monte Carlo simulations. The support vector machine model showed excellent performance in energy predictions. The study accurately predicted the cation distribution in spinel crystals and suggested the possibility of tuning the equilibrium occupancy of Mg cations.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pengdi Zhang, Abhishek Venketeswaran, Ruishu F. Wright, Nageswara Lalam, Enrico Sarcinelli, Paul R. Ohodnicki
Summary: This study presents a framework for detecting mechanical damage in pipelines by generating simulated data and sampling to emulate distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system responses. The framework transforms simulated ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) responses into DAS or quasi-DAS system responses to create a physically robust dataset for pipeline event classification. The investigation examines the effects of sensing systems and noise on classification performance, emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate sensing system.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Suraj V. Mullurkara, Ramon Egli, B. C. Dodrill, Susheng Tan, P. R. Ohodnicki Jr
Summary: Cobalt ferrites exhibit diverse magnetic behaviors due to spinodal decomposition, which leads to the formation of periodic self-assembled nanostructures. The magnetic properties can be controlled by adjusting the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. In this study, high-resolution first order reversal curves (FORC) measurements were used to investigate the magnetic processes in cobalt ferrite before and after spinodal decomposition. TEM and EDS characterization revealed uniform chemistry in the calcined sample and the presence of Fe-rich and Co-rich regions in the annealed sample. Positive exchange interactions were observed in both samples. This work provides the first detailed magnetic characterization of magnetic interactions in nanostructured cobalt ferrite and exemplifies the use of FORC in magnetic characterization of nanostructured ferrites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuankang Wang, Ronald D. Noebe, Alex Leary, Paul Ohodnicki
Summary: This study evaluates the high-temperature stability of soft magnetic materials and their corrosion behavior in a simulated Venusian atmosphere. Fe81Cr19 and Fe49Co49V2 crystalline alloys, as well as Co72Fe4Mn4Nb4Si2B14 metallic glass, were investigated. Results showed that oxidation and sulfidation occurred in all three materials under these conditions. The amorphous structure of Co72Fe4Mn4Nb4Si2B14 and the potential formation of protective layers contributed to improved corrosion resistance relative to Fe49Co49V2.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kyle P. Schneider, Yuval L. Krimer, Satoru Simizu, Maarten P. de Boer, Michael E. McHenry
Summary: Improvement of the (Fe70Ni30)(80)B14Nb4Si2 alloy is sought through substitution of Co for Fe and/or Ni. Fifteen alloys in the ((FexNiyCo(100-x-y))(80)B14Nb4Si2 alloy system are fabricated and analyzed for various properties relating to their soft magnetic performance. The most important properties studied here are Bsat, Ht, lambda(s), and Tc.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
David W. W. Greve, Jagannath Devkota, Paul R. R. Ohodnicki, Ruishu Wright
Summary: This study examines the application of guided waves (Goubau waves) on a single conductor for sensing. It focuses on the use of these waves to remotely interrogate surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors mounted on large-radius conductors (pipes). Experimental results using a small-radius conductor at 435 MHz are presented, and the applicability of published theory to conductors of large radius is explored. Finite element simulations are then utilized to study the propagation and launching of Goubau waves on steel conductors up to 0.254 m in radius. The simulations indicate that waves can be launched and received, but current launcher designs suffer from energy loss into radiating waves.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Scott E. Crawford, Paul R. Ohodnicki, John P. Baltrus
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Seung Ryul Moon, Paul Ohodnicki, Kevin Byerly, Richard Beddingfield
2019 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE)
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Richard B. Beddingfield, Subhashish Bhattacharya, Paul Ohodnicki
2019 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE)
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Richard B. Beddingfield, Subhashish Bhattacharya, Paul Ohodnicki
2019 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE)
(2019)