Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kazumi Inokuchi, Takahiro Ochiya, Juntaro Matsuzaki
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is the major histologic type of esophageal cancer in Western countries with a poor prognosis primarily due to late stage diagnosis. Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a precursor lesion of EAC. Extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as non-invasive markers for the management of EAC in the future, with potential utility for diagnosis and treatment responses. Multiple studies have reported dysregulation of certain miRNAs in both EAC and BE, suggesting their potential as valuable biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Wanyue Dan, Lihua Peng, Bin Yan, Zhengpeng Li, Fei Pan
Summary: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a subtype of esophageal cancer that has been found to be affected by the human microbiota. Research has shown that specific bacterial alternations in the human microbiota play a role in the development of EAC through inflammation, microbial metabolism, and genotoxicity. This emerging field of study provides potential microbiome-based clinical applications for the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of EAC.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Zhenglei Xu, Ximin Lin, Haotian Zeng, Xiaoxin Ma, Ghulam Nabi, Zain Ul Abidin, Luolin Wang, Lisheng Wang
Summary: Adenocarcinomas are a common type of gastric cancer with high mortality rate due to its silent progression, genetic heterogeneity, high resistance to chemotherapy, and lack of highly effective therapeutic strategies. Although multiple treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy have been developed, further advancements are needed. Targeting different check points and key immune players, especially macrophages and related molecular elements, can help in developing novel therapeutic options.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Alexander J. Byun, Rachel A. Grosser, Jennie K. Choe, Nabil P. Rizk, Laura H. Tang, Daniela Molena, Kay See Tan, David Restle, Waseem Cheema, Amy Zhu, Hans Gerdes, Arnold J. Markowitz, Manjit S. Bains, Valerie W. Rusch, David R. Jones, Prasad S. Adusumilli
Summary: This study investigates the usefulness of serum soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) and tumor mesothelin expression as biomarkers for managing esophageal adenocarcinoma. The results suggest that pretreatment tumor mesothelin expression can be prognostic for overall survival in locally advanced esophageal ADC patients, while serum SMRP is not reliable for monitoring treatment response or recurrence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcel Gehrung, Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar, Adam G. Berman, Maria O'Donovan, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Florian Markowetz
Summary: Deep learning methods have been successfully integrated with expert knowledge and clinical decision pathways to automate the analysis of Cytosponge-TFF3 test samples for the early detection of Barrett's esophagus. By defining triage classes based on pathologists' decision patterns, the workload of pathologists can be reduced by 57% without compromising diagnostic performance. The clinician-in-the-loop deep learning system streamlines the workflow for Barrett's esophagus detection while maintaining the accuracy of manual review.
Article
Oncology
Yingji Chen, Longyu Jin, Zhibin Jiang, Suo Liu, Wei Feng
Summary: This study identified potential biomarkers for early stage lung adenocarcinoma, revealing genes associated with blood vessel development, growth factor binding, and extracellular matrix organization. Elevated expression of certain genes was found to be linked to poor overall survival in LUAD patients, and knockout of these genes promoted cell proliferation in vitro.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhengliang Tu, Xiangfeng He, Liping Zeng, Di Meng, Runzhou Zhuang, Jiangang Zhao, Wanrong Dai
Summary: With the development of computer technology, screening cancer biomarkers based on public databases has become a common research method. An eight-gene prognostic model for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients was developed through bioinformatics methods. The model was validated to have independent prognostic value through various analyses.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Qingfu Zhu, Hao Xu, Liu Huang, Jiaxin Luo, Hengrui Li, Rui Yang, Xiaoling Liu, Fei Liu
Summary: This study investigates the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as biomarkers for esophageal cancer diagnosis. The researchers successfully isolated and identified differentially expressed proteins in EVs from esophageal cancer patients using the EXODUS and ELISA techniques. They found that EV-CD14 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for esophageal cancer. The application of ELISA for the detection and screening of esophageal cancer based on circulating EV-CD14 showed high accuracy and sensitivity.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Lijia Su, Jinying Zhao, Huahua Su, Yanhua Wang, Wenfeng Huang, Xuemei Jiang, Shiyao Gao
Summary: The review focuses on differentially expressed circRNAs in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapy. Developing circRNAs as crucial therapeutic targets could provide a promising biomedical application in cancer gene therapy.
CURRENT GENE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Chang Woo Kim, Jae Myung Cha, Min Seob Kwak
Summary: In colorectal cancer, patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) have a poorer prognosis compared to those with traditional adenocarcinoma (TAC), especially in Stage II. The study findings suggest that identifying potential biomarkers and biological pathways can be useful in predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Review
Oncology
Niklas Sturm, Thomas J. Ettrich, Lukas Perkhofer
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a challenging cancer to treat due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Various molecules have been identified as biomarkers, providing potential for early diagnosis and therapeutic prediction. Progress has been made in predicting therapy response with biomarkers, but early detection and recurrence still require further research.
Article
Oncology
Alexander Damanakis, Patrick Sven Plum, Florian Gebauer, Wolfgang Schroeder, Reinhard Buettner, Thomas Zander, Christiane Josephine Bruns, Alexander Quaas
Summary: This study describes the prognostic and potentially therapeutic relevance of FBP1 in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Intratumoral FBP1 expression in EAC patients is significantly associated with a better prognosis and elevated FBP1 expression is an independent biomarker associated with a favorable prognosis.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jie Chen, Zhigang Cai, Jing Hu, Lixia Zhou, Peili Zhang, Xiaoping Xu
Summary: This study confirms that miR-375 can serve as a diagnostic biomarker for esophageal cancer, particularly in extracellular vesicles. The expression of miR-375 in plasma and extracellular vesicles is significantly different between esophageal cancer patients and controls, making it a potential diagnostic marker for esophageal cancer.
Article
Oncology
Anshuman Panda, Gyan Bhanot, Shridar Ganesan, Manisha Bajpai
Summary: Stable cell lines derived from primary tissues and tumors are commonly used in medical research. This study evaluated gene expression profiles of esophageal tissues and cell lines, finding discrepancies in the gene expression profiles of Barrett's esophagus (BE) cell lines compared to primary BE tissues and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) tumors. Exposure to an acidic bile environment did not alter the squamous-like gene expression pattern of a BE cell line. The findings underscore the importance of carefully selecting appropriate in vitro tools for studying esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Article
Oncology
Julie A. Webster, Alain Wuethrich, Karthik B. Shanmugasundaram, Renee S. Richards, Wioleta M. Zelek, Alok K. Shah, Louisa G. Gordon, Bradley J. Kendall, Gunter Hartel, B. Paul Morgan, Matt Trau, Michelle M. Hill
Summary: This study developed the technology of the microfluidic EndoScreen chip and validated the blood biomarker JAC-C9 for early detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The use of blood biomarkers JAC-C9 and total C9 in addition to clinical risk factors improved EAC prediction in a test cohort, suggesting the potential for a simple blood test to help prioritize patients for endoscopic evaluation. Future work will expand the panel of markers on the EndoScreen chip to enable population screening and early diagnosis of EAC.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carlo Fumagalli, Martina Rafanelli, Michele Brignole, Caterina Guarducci, Niccolo Bettoni, Giulia Rivasi, Paolo Pieragnoli, Giuseppe Ricciardi, Luca Checchi, Marco Gambardella, Flavia Casolaro, Giuseppe Paolisso, Raffaele Marfella, Giuseppe Signoriello, Niccolo Marchionni, Andrea Ungar, Celestino Sardu
Summary: This retrospective study reviewed 55 patients with syncope and bifascicular block (BFB) who received implantable cardiac monitors (ICM) from 2012 to 2020. The results showed that 36.3% of patients experienced syncope during follow-up, with 10.9% classified as arrhythmic syncope, and the incidence of syncope increased with age. 14 patients (25.5%) underwent pacemaker implantation, which was more frequent in patients aged 75 years and older.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
M. Pagano, C. Fumagalli, F. Girolami, S. Passantino, A. Gozzini, A. Brambilla, V. Spinelli, A. Morrone, E. Procopio, F. Pochiero, M. A. Donati, I. Olivotto, S. Favilli
Summary: This study reported the etiology, clinical profile, and outcome of a consecutive cohort of children diagnosed with pediatric cardiomyopathies. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was the most common phenotype, followed by dilated cardiomyopathy. The worst prognosis was observed in patients with infantile onset and metabolic etiology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
D. Malandrino, A. Berni, B. Fibbi, B. Borellini, D. Cozzi, D. Norello, F. Fattirolli, F. Lavorini, I Olivotto, C. Fumagalli, C. Zocchi, L. Tassetti, L. Gozzi, N. Marchionni, M. Maggi, A. Peri
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether early hyponatremia is a predictor of long-term sequelae in COVID-19 patients. The findings suggest that early hyponatremia is associated with pulmonary and right-sided heart involvement at follow-up.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Colin Y. C. Lee, Adriaan Olivier, Judith Honing, Anne-Marie Lydon, Susan Richardson, Maria O'Donovan, Marc Tischkowitz, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Massimiliano di Pietro
Summary: Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, caused by CDH1 gene mutations, is characterized by early-onset signet ring cell carcinoma. Prophylactic total gastrectomy is the recommended treatment. This study assessed different sampling strategies for detecting signet ring cell carcinoma and identified criteria for characterizing endoscopic lesions in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raffaele Marfella, Celestino Sardu, Nunzia D'Onofrio, Carlo Fumagalli, Lucia Scisciola, Ferdinando Carlo Sasso, Mario Siniscalchi, Ludovica Vittoria Marfella, Davide D'Andrea, Fabio Minicucci, Giuseppe Signoriello, Arturo Cesaro, Maria Consiglia Trotta, Chiara Frige, Francesco Prattichizzo, Maria Luisa Balestrieri, Antonio Ceriello, Paolo Calabro, Ciro Mauro, Luca del Viscovo, Giuseppe Paolisso
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence of intra-stent restenosis (ISR)-related events in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated or not with sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). The results showed that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with T2DM is associated with a reduced incidence of ISR-related events, independent of glycemic control.
Article
Oncology
Judith Honing, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald
Summary: Barrett's esophagus is a precancerous condition that can progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Surveillance is needed to detect progression, but current methods are limited. This commentary proposes incorporating new risk factors and tools, such as nonendoscopic triage and commercial biomarker panels, into clinical practice for better risk stratification.
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carlo Fumagalli, Francesca Bonanni, Matteo Beltrami, Roberta Ruggieri, Chiara Zocchi, Luigi Tassetti, Niccolo Maurizi, Martina Berteotti, Mattia Zampieri, Alessia Argiro, Fabrizio Lovero, Alessia Tomberli, Mauro di Bari, Niccolo Marchionni, Paolo Pieragnoli, Giuseppe Ricciardi, Luca Checchi, Francesco Cappelli, Stefano Fumagalli, Iacopo Olivotto
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence and factors associated with stroke in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients without atrial fibrillation (AF) using cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) monitoring. The results showed that stroke rates were similar in patients with de novo AF or stable sinus rhythm (SR). Severe left atrial dilatation was identified as a powerful risk factor for stroke, irrespective of AF.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mattia Zampieri, Samuele Salvi, Carlo Fumagalli, Alessia Argiro, Chiara Zocchi, Annamaria Del Franco, Giulia Iannaccone, Sara Giovani, Cecilia Ferrantini, Eszter Dalma Palinkas, Francesco Cappelli, Iacopo Olivotto
Summary: This study aimed to describe the modes of death in HCM patients based on clinical features and disease stage. The results showed that most HCM patients die from complications of the disease, especially heart failure. Sudden cardiac death mainly occurs in young individuals, while heart failure-related deaths happen in age groups that are not suitable for cardiac transplant.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
V. Bagala, A. Sala, C. Trevisan, C. Okoye, R. A. Incalzi, F. Monzani, S. Volpato, GeroCovid acute Ward Working Grp
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in older COVID-19 inpatients and determine if this comorbidity is associated with specific onset symptoms and a worse prognosis. The study found that while hypothyroidism may be associated with clinical and biochemical features at disease onset, it does not substantially influence the prognosis of COVID-19 in older adults.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Niccolo Maurizi, Chiara Chiriatti, Carlo Fumagalli, Mattia Targetti, Silvia Passantino, Panagiotis Antiochos, Ioannis Skalidis, Chiara Chiti, Giulia Biagioni, Alessia Tomberli, Sara Giovani, Raffaele Coppini, Franco Cecchi, Iacopo Olivotto
Summary: Disopyramide has been found to be effective in reducing left ventricular outflow obstruction (LVOTO) and improving symptoms in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM). However, its real-world use and patient characteristics associated with a positive treatment response remain unclear. This study aimed to address these issues and found that disopyramide had a good treatment effect and a high level of safety in mildly symptomatic patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federico Lavorini, Guja Bernacchi, Carlo Fumagalli, Marianna Noale, Stefania Maggi, Donatella Mutolo, Elenia Cinelli, Giovanni A. Fontana
Summary: A study found that somatic points for cough (SPCs) in the neck and upper trunk can evoke chronic coughing and have clinical relevance. Among 317 patients with chronic cough, 169 patients responded to mechanical actions, had higher baseline cough scores, and experienced symptom reduction after treatment. The assessment of SPCs may identify patients who are unresponsive to treatment.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Niccolo Maurizi, Carlo Fumagalli, Ioannis Skalidis, Jacopo F. Imberti, Alessandro Faragli, Mattia Targetti, Henri Lu, Pierre Monney, Olivier Muller, Niccolo Marchionni, Franco Cecchi, Iacopo Olivotto
Summary: This study validated the accuracy of the D-Heart ECG device, a smartphone 8/12-Lead electrocardiograph with an image processing algorithm, for diagnosing ECG abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The results showed that the D-Heart ECG device had high accuracy and concordance with standard 12-Lead ECG, and the image processing algorithm provided accurate electrode placement, standardizing the quality of the examination.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROCARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carlo Fumagalli, Martina Smorti, Lucia Ponti, Francesca Pozza, Alessia Argiro, Giacomo Credi, Carlo Di Mario, Raffaele Marfella, Niccolo Marchionni, Iacopo Olivotto, Federico Perfetto, Andrea Ungar, Francesco Cappelli
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate frailty and the quality of the caregiver relationship in older patients with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA). The study found that 10% of patients were frail and 46% had depressive symptoms. Regression analyses showed that frailty and depression were associated with poorer perception of social support, and frailty and disease severity were associated with higher levels of conflict in the caregiver relationship. Overall, frailty was associated with worse perceived social support and caregiver relationship quality. Tertiary care heart failure clinics should actively support the patient-caregiver relationship to improve quality of life.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sam O. Kleeman, Tuba Mansoor Thakir, Breanna Demestichas, Nicholas Mourikis, Dominik Loiero, Miriam Ferrer, Sean Bankier, Yosef J. R. A. Riazat-Kesh, Hassal Lee, Dimitrios Chantzichristos, Claire Regan, Jonathan Preall, Sarthak Sinha, Nicole Rosin, Bryan Yipp, Luiz G. N. de Almeida, Jeff Biernaskie, Antoine Dufour, Pinkus Tober-Lau, Arno Ruusalepp, Johan L. M. Bjorkegren, Markus Ralser, Florian Kurth, Vadim Demichev, Todd Heywood, Qing Gao, Gudmundur Johannsson, Viktor H. Koelzer, Brian R. Walker, Hannah V. Meyer, Tobias Janowitz
Summary: This study found that Cystatin C (CysC) may act as an effector pathway of glucocorticoids (GCs) by recruiting TREM2+ macrophages, and it may be a potential target for combination cancer immunotherapy. The polygenic score capturing predisposition to CysC production predicted checkpoint immunotherapy failure in metastatic cancer patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kieran Foley, David Shorthouse, Eric Rahrmann, Lizhe Zhuang, Ginny Devonshire, Rebecca C. OCCAMS Consortium, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Benjamin A. Hall
Summary: Metastasis in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a crucial factor affecting survival. Radiological staging is commonly used to assess metastases, but its accuracy is limited. This study analyzed lymph node metastases and identified new roles of genes SMAD4 and KCNQ3 in metastasis. The findings suggest that both genes could serve as novel biomarkers for metastatic risk and offer potential new targets for drug treatment.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2024)