Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christopher R. Starr, Assylbek Zhylkibayev, James A. Mobley, Marina S. Gorbatyuk
Summary: Diabetes, a metabolic disease, can lead to various health complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects millions of people worldwide and has complex mechanisms involving both neural and vascular components in the retina. This study identified changes in protein levels and O-glycosylation in the retinas of diabetic mice, providing important insights into the impact of diabetes on protein function and localization.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia Perisset, M. Constanza Potilinski, Juan E. Gallo
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the research and management of diabetic retinopathy in recent years. Neurodegenerative changes prior to microvascular alterations have been established. Lnc-RNAs, which regulate gene expression and impact cellular processes, have been identified as playing a role in diabetic retinopathy development. Further analysis of Lnc-RNAs is crucial for researchers in order to target them and develop specialized therapies for diabetic retinopathy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fei Yu, Michael L. Ko, Gladys Y-P Ko
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a chronic complication associated with diabetes and about 60% of type 2 diabetes patients will develop this condition. Research indicates that decreased miR-150 and upregulated ELK1 in the retina contribute to photoreceptor apoptosis, with the translocation of pELK1(T417) appearing to be a crucial step in diabetic insult-induced photoreceptor apoptosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonela Gverovic Antunica, Ljubo Znaor, Mira Ivankovic, Velibor Puzovic, Irena Markovic, Snjezana Kastelan
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy, the most common eye disease complication of diabetes, is associated with hypovitaminosis D. Vitamin D2 and D3 are the main forms of vitamin D, with sunlight being a major source. Vitamin D plays a crucial role not only in maintaining healthy bones and immune system but also in the development of various diseases, including diabetic retinopathy. Diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency, which is prevalent worldwide, is done through measuring serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Supplementation of vitamin D has been proven effective in treating diabetic retinopathy, but under the recommendation and supervision of a doctor to prevent potential negative side effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Luis Mendes, Ines P. Marques, Jose Cunha-Vaz
Summary: Retinal vessel metrics, such as abnormal intercapillary spaces (AIS) and vessel density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), perform well in identifying eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and show a progressive increase in vessel closure (VC) with disease severity. This suggests the clinical value of these metrics in assessing the risk of disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nhon T. Le, Zachary A. Kroeger, Weijie Violet Lin, Arshad M. Khanani, Christina Y. Weng
Summary: Novel agents with unique mechanisms are being developed for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, which may offer greater durability and efficacy compared to existing drugs. Some target new pathways, others use slow-release delivery systems, and some modify gene expression through a single-dose treatment. While adverse events have been observed with longer-durability agents, many investigational products show excellent efficacy and safety profiles. Ongoing and future trials may revolutionize the current treatment paradigm for diabetic retinopathy.
CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jingru Li, Chaozhong Li, Yulan Zhao, Xinyu Wu, Shuai Yu, Guihu Sun, Peng Ding, Si Lu, Lijiao Zhang, Ping Yang, Yunzhu Peng, Jingyun Fu, Luqiao Wang
Summary: In this study, miRNA biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy (DR) were predicted and the pathological mechanism of DR was explored through bioinformatics analysis. The differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs identified in this study could serve as diagnostic markers and important RNA regulatory pathways in DR.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Guihua Zhang, Jian-Wei Lin, Ji Wang, Jie Ji, Ling-Ping Cen, Weiqi Chen, Peiwen Xie, Yi Zheng, Yongqun Xiong, Hanfu Wu, Dongjie Li, Tsz Kin Ng, Chi Pui Pang, Mingzhi Zhang
Summary: This study developed and validated a deep learning system for referable diabetic retinopathy detection based on real-world scenarios and guidelines. The system showed high accuracy in multidimensional classifications and comparable performance to experts.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Santosh Gopi Krishna Gadde, Arpita Kshirsagar, Neha Anegondi, Thirumalesh B. Mochi, Stephane Heymans, Arkasubhra Ghosh, Abhijit Sinha Roy
Summary: The study showed that as the severity of diabetic retinopathy increases, the volume of macular edema also increases, with proliferative DR having the largest edema volume. For intravitreal injection treatment, recurrent eyes had the largest edema volume, while the treatment naive group had the smallest.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruonan Wang, Qizhi Jian, Guangyi Hu, Rui Du, Xun Xu, Fang Zhang
Summary: This study explores the metabolite characteristics and underlying regulatory mechanisms of diabetic retinas using mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing technology. A total of 145 metabolites showed significant differences in diabetic retinas compared to controls, mainly associated with the Warburg effect, valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation pathways. Transcriptomic analysis identified 71 differentially expressed enzyme-related genes integrated with altered metabolic pathways. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms within 6 of these genes were associated with increased diabetes risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kumari Alka, Jay Kumar, Renu A. Kowluru
Summary: In diabetic retinopathy, the downregulation of mitochondrial fusion enzyme Mfn2 leads to disruption of mitochondrial dynamics and dysfunction. This study found that increased acetylation of Mfn2 inhibits its GTPase activity, causes mitochondrial fragmentation, and impairs removal of damaged mitochondria. Therefore, protecting Mfn2 activity could maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibit the development/progression of diabetic retinopathy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio Crespo-Garcia, Nadine Reichhart, Norbert Kociok, Sergej Skosyrski, Antonia M. Joussen
Summary: Increased expression of NTN4 and its receptors in diabetic retina may play a role in stabilizing vascular networks, modulating inflammation, and providing protective effects against cytokine production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Etelka Poestyeni, Krisztina Szabadfi, Gyoergy Setalo, Robert Gabriel
Summary: Diabetes and hypertension are complex pathologies with increasing prevalence, often leading to retinal damage. Double neuroprotective treatment was found to be effective for rod bipolar cells and parvalbumin-positive cells in hypertensive diabetic rat retinas.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoyue Yang, Rui Hu, Yajun Zhu, Zhen Wang, Yilin Hou, Kangkang Su, Xiaoyu He, Guangyao Song
Summary: This article conducted a meta-analysis on the association between vitamin B12 levels and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study found a significant correlation between low serum vitamin B12 levels and the risk of diabetic retinopathy, especially in East Asian, South Asian, and mixed populations.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Odunayo O. Mugisho, Jyoti Aryal, Avik Shome, Heather Lyon, Monica L. Acosta, Colin R. Green, Ilva D. Rupenthal
Summary: The ocular safety and efficacy of tonabersat were evaluated in an inflammatory NOD mouse model of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The results showed that tonabersat significantly reduced inflammation and disease progression, suggesting that it may be an effective treatment for DR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
