Article
Oncology
Hussein Akil, Mercedes Quintana, Jeremy H. Raymond, Tommy Billoux, Valentin Benboubker, Sophie Besse, Philippe Auzeloux, Veronique Delmas, Valerie Petit, Lionel Larue, Michel D'Incan, Francoise Degoul, Jacques Rouanet
Summary: Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) combined with MAPK/ERK inhibitors shows additive efficiency in BRAF and NRAS mutant melanoma cells. TRT has a significant therapeutic effect on NRAS(Q61K) mutated melanoma and reduces metastasis capacity.
Article
Oncology
Stergios J. Moschos
Summary: In the search for targeting MAPK and other pathways in NRAS-mutant melanoma, a phase Ib/II trial tested the combination of binimetinib and ribociclib in metastatic melanoma. The trial showed a response rate of 19.5% and a median progression-free survival of 3.7 months.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Tijana Randic, Ines Kozar, Christiane Margue, Jochen Utikal, Stephanie Kreis
Summary: Genetic alterations affecting RAS proteins are common in human cancers, with NRAS mutations posing challenges in melanoma treatment. Despite advancements in targeted and immunotherapies, patients with NRAS(mut) melanomas have poorer prognosis due to aggressive tumors and lack of effective treatments. Understanding therapy resistance mechanisms and exploring novel approaches are crucial for improving outcomes in this patient group.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Martin Salzmann, Johannes Pawlowski, Carmen Loquai, David A. Rafei-Shamsabadi, Frank Meiss, Selma Ugurel, Dirk Schadendorf, Friedegund Meier, Alexander H. Enk, Jessica C. Hassel
Summary: This retrospective, multi-centre study evaluated the clinical course of patients with advanced NRAS-mutated melanoma treated with MEK inhibitors (MEKi) in German cancer centres. The results showed that MEKi can stabilize the disease course but expectations regarding ongoing tumor response should be tempered.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiu-Cai Chen, Gui-Xue Tang, Jing Dai, Le-Tian Dai, Tian-Ying Wu, Wen-Wei Li, Tian-Miao Ou, Zhi-Shu Huang, Jia-Heng Tan, Shuo-Bin Chen
Summary: Mutations in NRAS contribute to tumor formation and resistance to drugs. The development of novel strategies to suppress NRAS for anticancer therapy is urgent, as this protein is usually considered untargetable. Recent research has shown that a G-quadruplex structure in the untranslated region of NRAS mRNA can reduce NRAS translation, providing a potential NRAS suppression strategy. In this study, a cell-based screening method was developed using a G-quadruplex-triggered fluorogenic hybridization probe, and the clinically used agent Octenidine was identified as a potent NRAS repressor. Octenidine inhibited NRAS translation, blocked MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling, and induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. It exhibited better antiproliferative effects compared to clinical antimelanoma agents and could inhibit the growth of NRAS-mutant melanoma in a mouse model. These results suggest that Octenidine may be a promising therapy for NRAS-mutant melanoma.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cang Li, Le Kuai, Rutao Cui, Xiao Miao
Summary: Understanding the mechanism of melanogenesis is crucial for identifying new preventive and therapeutic strategies in treating melanoma. Key factors include UVR-induced signaling pathways, the role of MC1R, and transcriptional regulation by MITF. Targeting BRAF, NRAS, and MC1R, along with combination therapies of immunotherapy and targeted kinase inhibitors, are promising treatment options for advanced melanoma.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Signe Caksa, Usman Baqai, Andrew E. Aplin
Summary: Melanoma, a growing cancer, is currently treated with targeted inhibitors in the MAPK pathway, but drug resistance limits its effectiveness. However, new applications and combinations with other therapies may provide hope for melanoma treatment.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jinlu Liu, Ling Yang, Xin Yuan, Meimei Xiong, Jiao Zhu, Wenbi Wu, Min Ren, Jianlin Long, Xuewen Xu, Maling Gou
Summary: LACTB gene is downregulated in melanoma tissues, and the iDPP/LACTB nanocomplexes can induce melanoma cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth effectively without obvious side effects, providing a new option for melanoma gene therapy research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Manuel Felipe Fernandez, Jacob Choi, Jeffrey Sosman
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF/MEK inhibitors are the main treatments for melanoma, but resistance to these therapies emphasizes the need for new treatment options. Monoclonal antibodies and small molecules allow targeted therapy by focusing on specific mediators of cancer. Melanoma has several driver mutations, and targeting them could lead to novel therapies.
Article
Oncology
Jiuhong Wang, Hang Jiang, Fuxue Huang, Dandan Li, Xizhi Wen, Qiuyue Ding, Ya Ding, Xiaoshi Zhang, Jingjing Li
Summary: This study retrospectively summarized the real-world experience of systematic treatment for patients with NRAS-mutant melanoma in the new era. The results showed that immunotherapy-based combined treatment improved progression-free survival and provided higher objective response rates and disease control rates. However, combined therapy did not prolong the overall survival of NRAS-mutant patients.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiao Zhang, Zhaoguo Lin, Mengting Li, Yongkang Gai, Huaiyuan Zheng, Li Fan, Weiwei Ruan, Fan Hu, Jing Chen, Xiaoli Lan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the value of [F-18]-PFPN PET in prognostication and determine predictors of PFS and OS in melanoma patients. The results showed that [F-18]-PFPN PET parameters were superior to [F-18]-FDG PET in predicting death and disease progression. Patients with higher [F-18]-PFPN SUVmax had worse prognosis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Di Chuan, Huan Hou, Yuelong Wang, Min Mu, Jinglun Li, Yangmei Ren, Na Zhao, Bo Han, Haifeng Chen, Gang Guo
Summary: Due to the hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment (TME), photodynamic therapy (PDT) suffers from insufficient ROS production. The metal-polyphenol network-mediated Fenton reaction can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by consuming H2O2 in TME, improving the inadequate ROS generation problem of PDT. Therefore, synergistic therapy combining PDT and Fenton response-based CDT is a promising approach for cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anastasia Samarkina, Markus Kirolos Youssef, Paola Ostano, Soumitra Ghosh, Min Ma, Beatrice Tassone, Tatiana Proust, Giovanna Chiorino, Mitchell P. Levesque, Sandro Goruppi, Gian Paolo Dotto
Summary: Androgen receptor expression is linked to BRAF inhibitor response and targeting AR could be a potential co-therapeutic approach to increase efficacy in melanoma treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose A. Riancho, Jose L. Hernandez, Carmen Gonzalez-Vela, Ana E. Lopez-Sundh, Marcos A. Gonzalez-Lopez, Francisco Gomez de la Fuente, Remedios Quirce, Eli L. Diamond
Summary: This report presents a case of ECD in which a previously unidentified microduplication in the NRAS gene was discovered through deep sequencing of skin cells, leading to the development of a personalized therapeutic approach involving kinase inhibitors downstream of NRAS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brandon M. Murphy, Elizabeth M. Terrell, Venkat R. Chirasani, Tirzah J. Weiss, Rachel E. Lew, Andrea M. Holderbaum, Aastha Dhakal, Valentina Posada, Marie Fort, Michael S. Bodnar, Leiah M. Carey, Min Chen, Craig J. Burd, Vincenzo Coppola, Deborah K. Morrison, Sharon L. Campbell, Christin E. Burd
Summary: In this study, the authors use conditional mouse models to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the enrichment of specific NRAS mutants in human melanoma. They find that different tumor types exhibit distinct profiles of NRAS mutants, suggesting mutagenic events or functional differences may contribute to the profiles. The study also identifies molecular interactions that enhance the binding affinity of melanomagenic NRAS mutants and their signaling pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Diego de Miguel-Perez, Edward M. Pickering, Umberto Malapelle, William Grier, Francesco Pepe, Pasquale Pisapia, Gianluca Russo, Joseph A. Pinto, Alessandro Russo, Giancarlo Troncone, Melissa J. Culligan, Katherine A. Scilla, Ranee Mehra, Pranshu Mohindra, Oscar Arrieta, Andres F. Cardona, Marzia Del Re, Ashutosh Sachdeva, Fred R. Hirsch, Andrea Wolf, Joseph S. Friedberg, Christian Rolfo
Summary: In this study, genetic alterations in resectable pleural mesothelioma tissues and blood samples were analyzed, and it was found that high tissue tumor mutational burden, tissue median minor allele frequency, blood tumor mutational burden, and specific mutations were correlated with outcomes in patients with resected PM. These findings suggest that molecular profiling could help identify longer survivors in patients with resected PM.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Davide Melisi, Camilla Zecchetto, Valeria Merz, Giuseppe Malleo, Luca Landoni, Alberto Quinzii, Simona Casalino, Federica Fazzini, Marina Gaule, Camilla Pesoni, Luca Casetti, Alessandro Esposito, Giovanni Marchegiani, Cristiana Piazzola, Mirko D'Onofrio, Riccardo de Robertis, Armando Gabbrielli, Laura Bernardoni, Stefano F. Crino, Silvia Pietrobono, Claudio Luchini, Camillo Aliberti, Guido Martignoni, Stefano Milleri, Giovanni Butturini, Aldo Scarpa, Roberto Salvia, Claudio Bassi
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and activity of liposomal irinotecan in the perioperative treatment of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC) patients. The results showed that NALIRIFOX has manageable and active outcomes, and should be further investigated in randomized trials comparing it to standard upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Eric Jonasch, Todd M. Bauer, Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Jaime R. Merchan, David F. Mcdermott, M. Dror Michaelson, Leonard J. Appleman, Ananya Roy, Rodolfo F. Perini, Yanfang Liu, Toni K. Choueiri
Summary: After a median follow-up of 41.2 months, belzutifan monotherapy demonstrated durable antitumor activity in patients with advanced ccRCC and acceptable safety.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Patricia A. H. Hamers, Geraldine R. Vink, Marloes A. G. Elferink, Leon M. G. Moons, Cornelis J. A. Punt, Anne M. May, Miriam Koopman
Summary: Screen-detection of the primary tumor is associated with longer overall survival after metachronous metastasis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Camilla Nero, Nicolo Bizzarri, Stefano Di Berardino, Francesca Sillano, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Francesco Cosentino, Virginia Vargiu, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone, Enrico Vizza, Benito Chiofalo, Stefano Uccella, Fabio Ghezzi, Luigi Carlo Turco, Giacomo Corrado, Diana Giannarelli, Tina Pasciuto, Gian Franco Zannoni, Anna Fagotti, Giovanni Scambia
Summary: This study evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of sentinel-lymph-node mapping compared to systematic lymphadenectomy in detecting lymph node metastasis in early stage ovarian cancer. The results show that sentinel-lymph-node mapping did not reach the expected sensitivity, but ultra-staging protocol improved the accuracy of diagnosis for patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Adriana Hepner, Judith M. Versluis, Roslyn Wallace, Clara Allayous, Lauren Julia Brown, Claudia Trojanielloh, Camille Lea Gerardi, Yanina J. L. Jansenj, Prachi Bhave, Bart Neyns, Andrew Haydon, Olivier Michielin, Joanna Manganan Oliver Klein, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Allison Betof Warner, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Jennifer Leigh McQuade, Matteo S. Carlino, Lisa Zimmer, Celeste Lebbe, Douglas B. Johnson, Shahneen Sandhu, Victoria Atkinson, Christian U. Blank, Serigne N. Lo, Georgina V. Long, Alexander M. Menzies
Summary: Acquired resistance to PD-1 therapy in melanoma is mainly oligometastatic, and patients may have a favorable survival outcome following salvage treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Savannah Roy, Stephanie Lakritz, Anna R. Schreiber, Elizabeth Molina Kuna, Cathy J. Bradley, Lavanya Kondapalli, Jennifer R. Diamond
Summary: This study evaluates major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in older women with TNBC treated with anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy (ATAX) compared to taxane-based chemotherapy (TAX). The results show that ATAX does not increase the risk of MACE and there is no difference in survival between patients who received TAX and ATAX.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Letter
Oncology
Pei-Chun Weng, Yau-Li Huang, Chun-Yu Cheng
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Philipp Jansen, Jean Le 'Clerc Arrastia, Daniel Otero Baguer, Maximilian Schmidt, Jennifer Landsberg, Joerg Wenzel, Michael Emberger, Dirk Schadendorf, Eva Hadaschik, Peter Maass, Klaus Georg Griewank
Summary: This study highlights the enormous potential of artificial intelligence in pathology, showing that it can aid in the identification of rare cutaneous adnexal tumors and potentially become a standard tool in routine diagnostics.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Casper W. F. van Eijck, Gaby Strijk, Eveline E. Vietscha, Fleur van der Sijde, Maaike Verheij, Dana A. M. Mustafa, Madelief Vinkc, Joachim G. J. V. Aerts, Casper H. J. van Eijck, Marcella Willemsen
Summary: The study reveals that FOLFIRINOX has immunomodulatory effects, suggesting its potential in immune-based combination therapies for pancreatic cancer. Additionally, certain plasma proteins hold promise as circulating predictive biomarkers for early prediction of FOLFIRINOX response in patients with pancreatic cancer.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Marwan Fakih, Chongkai Wang, Jaideep Sandhu, Jian Ye, Colt Egelston, Xiaochen Li
Summary: This study explores the impact of metastatic sites on treatment outcomes for chemotherapy-refractory colorectal cancer patients. It found that patients with liver or peritoneal metastases had poor treatment outcomes, while those with lung-only metastases showed significant response. The presence of concurrent lymph node or other extrahepatic metastatic disease diminished treatment response in patients with lung metastases. Future checkpoint inhibitor trials should stratify patients based on metastatic locations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Georgios Christos Tsiatsianis, Candace S. Y. Chan, Ioannis Mouratidis, Nikol Chantzi, Anna Maria Tsiatsiani, Nelson S. Yee, Apostolos Zaravinos, Verena Kantere, Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares
Summary: The study reveals that nullpeptides can serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and treatment, particularly in highly recurrent cancer patients. These nullpeptides primarily occur in highly expressed genes, particularly in specific loci of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Recurrent nullpeptides are more likely to be found in neoantigens, which play a significant role in immunotherapy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2024)