Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eloy Bejarano, Jasper Weinberg, Madison Clark, Allen Taylor, Sheldon Rowan, Elizabeth A. Whitcomb
Summary: Age is a significant risk factor for cataracts, and proper regulation of oxidative stress is crucial for maintaining lens clarity. The lens contains high levels of antioxidants, such as ascorbate and glutathione, which help the lens stay clear, especially in young individuals. This study summarizes the functional and genetic evidence supporting the hypothesis that impaired oxidative stress regulation leads to redox dysregulation and cataracts. The roles of endogenous antioxidant glutathione and exogenous antioxidant vitamin C/ascorbate, as well as the transcription factor NRF2 in cataract development, are discussed.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anitra C. Carr, Gladys Block, Jens Lykkesfeldt
Summary: This study suggests that individuals with higher body weights may need to consume additional vitamin C to reach comparable levels as lighter individuals, potentially underscoring the inadequacy of current recommendations for higher body weight individuals.
Review
Plant Sciences
Juan C. Castro, Carlos G. Castro, Marianela Cobos
Summary: Vitamin C is an essential compound with diverse functions in organisms. In plants, its biosynthesis through the L-galactose pathway is regulated by genetic and biochemical strategies, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, control of enzyme levels and activity, feedback inhibition, compartmentation, metabolon assembly, and electron flow. This knowledge is crucial for developing genetically improved fruits and vegetables enriched with vitamin C.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer Marie Crook, Ann L. Horgas, Saunjoo L. Yoon, Oliver Grundmann, Versie Johnson-Mallard
Summary: This study investigates the association between plasma vitamin C levels and inflammation biomarkers. The findings suggest that insufficient levels of vitamin C may be associated with increased inflammation, highlighting the importance of further research and treatment for individuals at risk of inflammatory-driven diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William R. Swindell, Manpreet Randhawa, Geovani Quijas, Krzysztof Bojanowski, Ratan K. Chaudhuri
Summary: The study showed that THDC is a poor antioxidant that degrades rapidly when exposed to singlet oxygen, but this degradation can be prevented by combining with acetyl zingerone (AZ). The combination of THDC and AZ increased expression of genes associated with phospholipid homeostasis and keratinocyte differentiation, while reducing pro-inflammatory effects and improving collagen production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Furqan, Taher Abu-Hejleh, Laura M. Stephens, Stacey M. Hartwig, Sarah L. Mott, Casey F. Pulliam, Michael Petronek, John B. Henrich, Melissa A. Fath, Jon C. Houtman, Steven M. Varga, Kellie L. Bodeker, Aaron D. Bossler, Andrew M. Bellizzi, Jun Zhang, Varun Monga, Hariharasudan Mani, Marina Ivanovic, Brian J. Smith, Margaret M. Byrne, William Zeitler, Brett A. Wagner, Garry R. Buettner, Joseph J. Cullen, John M. Buatti, Douglas R. Spitz, Bryan G. Allen
Summary: The combination of pharmacological ascorbate and chemotherapy improves tumor response in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and appears to alter the host immune response. Further investigation is needed to explore the potential of this treatment as an adjuvant to immunotherapy.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mattia Terzaghi, Mario C. De Tullio
Summary: This article summarizes the various attempts made to improve AsA production/content in plants, highlighting the most promising ones, and providing information about the possible unexpected consequences of a purely biotechnological approach.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Yao, Meiliang Zhou, Jingjun Ruan, Yan Peng, Chao Ma, Weijiao Wu, Anjing Gao, Wenfeng Weng, Jianping Cheng
Summary: We aimed to elucidate the physiological and biochemical mechanism by which exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) alleviates salt stress toxicity in Tartary buckwheat. Our results show that exogenous 5 mmol/L H2O2 can alleviate the inhibitory or toxic effects of 150 mmol/L NaCl stress on Tartary buckwheat by promoting growth, enhancing photosynthesis, improving enzymatic reactions, reducing membrane lipid peroxidation, and inducing the expression of related genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christophe Glorieux, Pedro Buc Calderon
Summary: The significance of vitamin C in cancer treatment has a debated history, but recent studies have shown its potential in selectively targeting mutant cancer cells. The benefits of antioxidants remain inconclusive, yet the low toxicity of vitamin C presents a safe option in cancer treatment. Further research into the interactions between vitamin C and reactive species could lead to optimal combinations with standard treatments.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Shah Saud, Depeng Wang, Shah Fahad, Talha Javed, Mariusz Jaremko, Nader R. Abdelsalam, Rehab Y. Ghareeb
Summary: In recent years, the widespread usage of chromium in chemical industries has led to an increase in heavy metals-induced soil pollution. This release of chromium into the environment has resulted in hazardous environmental pollution. This review article summarizes the possible effects of chromium-induced stress on plant growth, developmental physiology, biochemistry, and molecular regulation, providing important theoretical basis for remediation strategies, breeding low toxicity tolerant varieties, and understanding plant resistance mechanisms against heavy metal stress.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ira Phadke, Marie Pouzolles, Alice Machado, Josquin Moraly, Pedro Gonzalez-Menendez, Valerie S. Zimmermann, Sandrina Kinet, Mark Levine, Pierre-Christian Violet, Naomi Taylor
Summary: The deficiency of vitamin C significantly impacts hematopoiesis, especially in the perinatal period, leading to a reduction in bone marrow cells and hematopoietic stem cells. Different subsets of myeloid progenitors have different sensitivity to vitamin C levels. Both perinatal and adult erythropoiesis are sensitive to vitamin C deprivation and can trigger splenic compensatory differentiation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer Crook, Ann Horgas, Saun-Joo Yoon, Oliver Grundmann, Versie Johnson-Mallard
Summary: The study found that 41.8% of the population had insufficient levels of Vitamin C, with factors such as being male, aged 20-59, Black and Mexican American, smokers, increased BMI, middle to high poverty to income ratio, and food insecurity being significantly associated with insufficient Vitamin C plasma levels. Plasma Vitamin C levels indicate a large portion of the population is still at risk for inflammatory-driven diseases without symptoms of Vitamin C deficiency.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
N. Travica, K. Ried, I Hudson, A. Scholey, A. Pipingas, A. Sali
Summary: This review assessed the changes in plasma vitamin C concentrations post-surgery and found that there was a significant depletion of plasma vitamin C during the first postoperative week and 2-3 months postoperatively. Subgroup analyses revealed that these depletions occurred following different types of surgery, but high heterogeneity was observed during the first postoperative week. Larger, long-term investigations are needed to explore the changes in postoperative plasma vitamin C concentrations and their potential effects on clinical symptomology.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tiziana Ottone, Isabella Faraoni, Giorgio Fucci, Mariadomenica Divona, Serena Travaglini, Eleonora De Bellis, Francesco Marchesi, Daniela Francesca Angelini, Raffaele Palmieri, Carmelo Gurnari, Manuela Giansanti, Anna Maria Nardozza, Federica Montesano, Emiliano Fabiani, Elisa Linnea Lindfors Rossi, Raffaella Cerretti, Laura Cicconi, Marco De Bardi, Maria Luisa Catanoso, Luca Battistini, Renato Massoud, Adriano Venditti, Maria Teresa Voso
Summary: This study found that vitamin C levels are significantly lower in AML patients at the time of initial diagnosis, further decreasing during disease progression, and returning to normal upon achievement of complete remission. Additionally, vitamin C levels are significantly lower in AML cells compared to healthy cells. However, there is no association between vitamin C levels and the mutation profile, cytogenetics, or risk stratification of AML patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Du, Rory S. Carroll, Garett J. Steers, Brett A. Wagner, Brianne R. O'Leary, Chris S. Jensen, Garry R. Buettner, Joseph J. Cullen
Summary: Pancreatic cancer cells are more susceptible to oxidative stress compared to normal cells, making them more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of pharmacological ascorbate (P-AscH(-)). P-AscH(-) generates hydrogen peroxide fluxes that selectively kill PDACs without affecting normal cells. This treatment has been shown to sensitize PDACs to radiation while protecting normal cells, potentially through modulation of Nrf2, RelB, and cellular bioenergetics.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jingqiu Xia, Jiawen Liang, Mengmeng Yu, Rui Wang, Chen Sun, Huishan Song, Qinghua Xu, Jing Cang, Yuying Wang, Da Zhang
Summary: The MED complex acts as a bridge to regulate transcription by connecting transcription factors and specific gene promoters. This study demonstrates the important role of MED25 in freezing tolerance in wheat, possibly through its interaction with the jasmonate signaling pathway and cold-responsive genes.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Asier R. Larrinaga, Luis Sampedro, Rafael Zas
Summary: This study investigated the allocation to growth, reproduction, and defence in maritime pine under different resource availability and simulated herbivory treatments. The results showed that fertilization increased tree growth and seed quantity but not seed quality. Needle clipping and methyl-jasmonate treatment increased needle resin and phenol concentrations. Overall, there were complex interactions among the life-history dimensions, suggesting that pairwise approaches are insufficient to unravel these complexities.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shuang Han, Shuxian Li, Ya Li, Qingchen Zhang, Yuanyuan Xu, Wenjing Wang, Xiao Qin Zhu, Dongli Pei
Summary: The xanthophyll cycle plays a significant role in protecting plants from membrane peroxidation induced by intense light exposure. This study identified 240 differentially expressed genes associated with respiratory chain, lipid metabolism, antioxidant activity, and flavonoid metabolism. The overexpression of the CmBCH1 gene resulted in the upregulation of genes involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species and encoding antioxidants, leading to the accumulation of xanthophyll, zeaxanthin, chlorophylls, and anthocyanins. The study highlighted the potential of BCH1 in regulating the xanthophyll cycle and enhancing tolerance to intense light stress in transgenic plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuzhu Ding, Hejun Ren, Xinyu Hao, Ruonan Zhang, Jianjun Hao, Jinliang Liu, Hongyu Pan, Yan Wang
Summary: This study demonstrated that co-expressing two exogenous genes, tfdB and bphC, in Arabidopsis thaliana improved the tolerance and removal efficiency of PCB28. Transgenic plants also exhibited increased enzymatic activities under PCB28 stress. The co-expression of tfdB and bphC in A. thaliana resulted in nearly twofold increase in PCB28 removal rates from soil. This research suggests that co-expressing two genes holds great potential for enhancing phytoremediation efficiency and mitigating PCB-induced toxicity stress on plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nosheen Kabir, Sumbal Wahid, Shoaib Ur Rehman, Ghulam Qanmber
Summary: Trichomes are specialized plant structures that protect plants and are regulated by complex gene networks and signaling pathways. Gene expression, cell cycle regulation, and differentiation determine whether cells become trichomes. Transcription factors, epigenetic modifications, and phytohormones play important roles in trichome development. The integration of phytohormonal and transcriptional networks contributes to the diversity and adaptability of trichomes in plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Enrique Mateos-Naranjo, Jesus Alberto Perez-Romero, Giacomo Puglielli, Javier Lopez-Jurado, Jennifer Mesa-Marin, Eloisa Pajuelo, Ignacio David Rodriguez-Llorente, Susana Redondo-Gomez
Summary: The impact of multifactorial abiotic stress combinations on plant functional responses remains controversial. The halophyte Salicornia ramosissima showed unique functional responses depending on the specific stress factors involved. Under extreme conditions, there was a more negative impact on plant functional traits, but the presence of beneficial microorganisms, especially in combination with elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, mitigated these negative effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mengjiao Ruan, Wenliang He, Rui He, Xiangxiang Wang, Jinxin Wei, Yujie Zhu, Ruiling Li, Zhijun Jiang, Xiaofan Na, Xiaomin Wang, Yurong Bi
Summary: The study reveals the important role of AOX2 in Arabidopsis seed germination by regulating ABA signal and ROS homeostasis under salt stress. Additionally, ABI3/ABI4 are essential for salt-induced AOX2 expression.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ning Li, Peiyao Yu, Yanling Zeng, Jiali Chen, Wenhai Yang, Guannan Qin, Shenxiu Du, Xiao Han, Li-Jun Huang
Summary: In eukaryotic cells, epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones play a crucial role in gene expression regulation. ROXY19, a plant-specific CC-type glutaredoxin, was found to strongly repress a subset of genes regulated by class II TGA factors through its association with the TPL/TPR family. The ectopic expression of ROXY19 in Arabidopsis plants led to hypersensitivity to xenobiotic chemicals due to the silencing of detoxification pathway genes.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yang Li, Chenyang Feng, Yijing Xing, Meng Li, Xiaoning Wang, Qingjie Du, Huaijuan Xiao, Juanqi Li, Jiqing Wang
Summary: In this study, researchers found that CsNLP1 gene in cucumber plays an important role in nitrogen utilization. The study also revealed the regulation mechanism of CsNLP1 in cucumber growth and nitrogen assimilation.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lei Chen, Cheng Jiang, Li Ye, Yue Gao, Xilin Hou
Summary: This study identified and characterized 163 C2H2-type zinc finger proteins in non-heading Chinese cabbage. Two of these proteins, BcZAT12 and BcZAT10, were found to be closely related to cold tolerance and acted as transcriptional repressors in regulating cold resistance. Furthermore, BcZAT12 was shown to directly bind to the promoter of BcCBF1 and inhibit its activity. Additionally, interactions between BcZAT12 and other proteins such as BcABF2/4 were observed. These findings provide insights into the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of C2H2-ZFPs in non-heading Chinese cabbage under cold stress.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ommolbanin Tourajzadeh, Halimeh Piri, Amir Naserin, Mohammad mahdi Cahri
Summary: The combination of NB and reduced irrigation water depth can mitigate the negative effects of salinity and drought stresses on quinoa and improve its water productivity. The use of NB up to 2% alleviated salinity and drought stress and increased yield, while decreasing salinity and irrigation water depth increased water productivity. The appropriate use of NB can reduce the negative effects of stress and promote the sustainable production of quinoa.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing Li, Yujie Wu, Xiaohui Feng, Tabassum Hussain, Kai Guo, Xiaojing Liu
Summary: This study investigated the growth and physiological responses of cherry tomatoes under different salt conditions and found that nonuniform salinity conditions improved photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency, and fruit yield. These findings are important for improving tomato productivity on salt-affected lands.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ruonan Li, Ruying Wang, Meng Li, Yunpu Zheng, Xiaxiang Zhang, Zhimin Yang, Jingjin Yu
Summary: The study found that elevated CO2 can increase stolon growth and carbohydrate accumulation in stolon nodes and internodes. Foliar application of auxin enhances this effect, while auxin transport inhibitor has no effect.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jian-Jun Tao, Cui-Cui Yin, Yang Zhou, Yi-Hua Huang, Shou-Yi Chen, Jin-Song Zhang
Summary: Soil salinization is a major obstacle for agriculture sustainability, as it severely affects plant growth and crop yield. Ethylene, a stress hormone, plays a crucial role as a signal molecule in coordinating plant growth and stress response in the model plant Arabidopsis. However, the roles and mechanisms of ethylene in most crop plants under salinity remain undefined. This review summarizes the universal roles of ethylene and focuses on its divergent roles in rice and other crop species under salinity, particularly in terms of ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction. The contradictions between ethylene production and signaling in salt response are also discussed.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chang Guo, Xiaona Wang, Qi Wang, Zipeng Zhao, Bing Xie, Lang Xu, Ruijie Zhang
Summary: This review provides an overview of the effects of ozone pollution on plant secondary metabolism. It explores the role of plant secondary metabolism in defense against ozone stress and adaptation to ozone-polluted environments, while summarizing the severity of ozone pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2024)