期刊
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
卷 119, 期 -, 页码 353-365出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.038
关键词
Brain cancer; EMF; Intermediate frequency; Radiofrequency; Source-exposure matrix; Workers
资金
- European Commission [603794]
- National Institutes for Health (NIH) [1R01CA124759-01]
- AFSSET [ST-2005-004]
- European Fifth Framework Program, 'Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources' [100 QLK4-CT-1999901563]
- International Union against Cancer (UICC)
- Mobile & Wireless Forum (MWF)
- GSM Association
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council [219129]
- University of Sydney Medical Foundation Program
- Cancer Council NSW
- Cancer Council Victoria
- Canada Research Chair programme
- Guzzo-CRS Chair in Environment and Cancer
- Fonds de la recherche en sante du Quebec
- Societe de recherche sur le cancer
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [MOP-42525]
- Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association
- NSERC/SSHRC/McLaughlin Chair in Population Health Risk Assessment at the University of Ottawa
- l'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) [N85142]
- German Mobile Phone Research Program (Deutsches Mobilfunkforschungsprogramm) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nuclear Safety, and Nature Protection
- Ministry for the Environment and Traffic of the state of Baden-Wurttemberg
- Ministry for the Environment of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia
- MAIFOR Program (Mainzer Forschungsforderungsprogramm) of the University of Mainz
- Health Research Council
- Hawkes Bay Medical Research Foundation
- Wellington Medical Research Foundation
- Waikato Medical Research Foundation
- Cancer Society of New Zealand
- Orange
- SFR
- Bouygues Telecom
- Mobile Telecommunications, Health and Research (MTHR) program
- Health and Safety Executive
- Department of Health
- O2
- T-Mobile
- Vodafone
- Scottish Executive
- Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya [SLT002/16/00232]
Introduction: In 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B), although the epidemiological evidence for the association between occupational exposure to RF-EMF and cancer was judged to be inadequate, due in part to limitations in exposure assessment. This study examines the relation between occupational RF and intermediate frequency (IF) EMF exposure and brain tumor (glioma and meningioma) risk in the INTEROCC multinational population-based case-control study (with nearly 4000 cases and over 5000 controls), using a novel exposure assessment approach. Methods: Individual indices of cumulative exposure to RF and IF-EMF (overall and in specific exposure time windows) were assigned to study participants using a source-exposure matrix and detailed interview data on work with or nearby EMF sources. Conditional logistic regression was used to investigate associations with glioma and meningioma risk. Results: Overall, around 10% of study participants were exposed to RF while only 1% were exposed to IF-EMF. There was no clear evidence for a positive association between RF or IF-EMF and the brain tumors studied, with most results showing either no association or odds ratios (ORs) below 1.0. The largest adjusted ORs were ob- tained for cumulative exposure to RF magnetic fields (as A/m-years) in the highest exposed category (>= 90th percentile) for the most recent exposure time window (1-4 years before the diagnosis or reference date) for both glioma, OR = 1.62 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86, 3.01) and meningioma (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.65, 3.55). Conclusion: Despite the improved exposure assessment approach used in this study, no clear associations were identified. However, the results obtained for recent exposure to RF electric and magnetic fields are suggestive of a potential role in brain tumor promotion/progression and should be further investigated.
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