Article
Construction & Building Technology
Panuwat Joyklad, Nazam Ali, Krisada Chaiyasarn, Suniti Suparp, Qudeer Hussain
Summary: This study investigates the effects of volumetric changes and moisture and heat distribution on the curvatures of long-span girders. Measurements of various quantities including midspan deflections, tendon strains, steel bar strains, concrete strains, and thermal changes were conducted in both short-term and long-term. The results show that these parameters increase swiftly during post-tensioning, with a gradual increase observed in the initial 30 days and a negligible increase afterwards.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Xiang Mi, Shiping Li, Yibei Zhang, Wujun Chen, Xiaohui Huang
Summary: This study investigates the stability performance of a large-scale carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) truss used in the keel structure of a stratospheric airship. A load-bearing test and finite element analysis were conducted, showing that the structure exhibits linear behavior under the ultimate load level, with failure occurring at a specific position. Parametric analysis reveals the significance of imperfection form and ply orientation on structural performance. These findings provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of CFRP trusses for stratospheric airship keel structures.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Merih Kucukler
Summary: This study investigates the shear resistance and design of stainless steel plate girders at elevated temperatures, considering various parameters such as steel grades, end posts, aspect ratios, web slendernesses, and temperature levels. The accuracy of current design recommendations based on room temperature properties applied to elevated temperatures is assessed, and it is found that they lead to unsafe and scattered estimations. Therefore, new fire design recommendations for stainless steel plate girders are proposed, which are verified through finite element modelling.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
N. Korshunova, G. Alaimo, S. B. Hosseini, M. Carraturo, A. Reali, J. Niiranen, F. Auricchio, E. Rank, S. Kollmannsberger
Summary: The production of lightweight metal lattice structures, thanks to additive manufacturing, has led to new design flexibility and complexity in terms of physics. However, process-induced geometrical defects can result in deviations between the designed and manufactured geometry, impacting mechanical behavior. Utilizing computed tomography (CT) for accurate shape acquisition is important, but integrating this information into computational analysis is often challenging due to meshing complexity and costs. Effective methods for simulating and comparing mechanical behavior of as-designed and as-manufactured lattice structures, such as the Finite Cell Method (FCM), are crucial for quality assessment.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
G. Tzortzinis, S. F. Brena, S. Gerasimidis
Summary: This paper evaluates the residual load carrying capacity of aging bridges with corrosion-deteriorated ends using experimental, computational and numerical methods. It also develops analytical tools and equations for evaluating the residual strength of plate girders.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhibin Zhou, Xuhong Zhou, Qishi Zhou, Huawei Fu, Shuaishuai Liu
Summary: This study examines the hysteretic behavior of a novel frictional energy dissipation steel truss (FED-ST). The FED-ST incorporates a friction damper with brass as the friction material to improve seismic performance. Test results show that the FED-ST specimen has good ductility and significantly higher energy dissipation capacity compared to a conventional truss specimen. Finite element analysis validates the test results and a preliminary parametric study investigates the impact of cover plate width on the behavior of the FED-ST.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed Abdelhamid, Aleksander Czekanski
Summary: Recent advances in additive manufacturing have simplified the implementation of lattice structures in different applications, leading finite element analysis software to incorporate lattice structure optimization as standard design tools. Evaluating two lattice structure design methodologies through FEA and experimental validation showed comparable performance of analytical and numerical models, with discrepancies attributed to manufacturing methods rather than the design process.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qahtan A. Hasan, W. H. Wan Badaruzzaman, Waleed K. Hamid, Mohammed K. Mohammed
Summary: Composite non-prismatic girders are widely used in modern bridges. However, there is limited research on evaluating the behavior of tapered composite plate girders. This study investigated the ultimate shear capacity of tapered composite plate girders through experimental, theoretical, and numerical simulations. The results showed that taper angles significantly affected the stiffness and ultimate load of the girders. Web openings decreased the capacity of the girder, with a 27% decrease in strength compared to solid web girders.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Raphael N. Glaesener, Jan-Hendrik Bastek, Frederick Gonon, Vignesh Kannan, Bastian Telgen, Ben Spottling, Stephan Steiner, Dennis M. Kochmann
Summary: Through theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies, a method using linear viscoelastic corotational beam description was deployed to conduct viscoelastic experiments on 3D-printed polymer samples, validating the effectiveness of applying this method to complex truss structures undergoing time-dependent stress relaxation. This offers a promising approach for modeling and optimizing 3D-printed truss metamaterials for engineering applications.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Sallal R. Abid, Nildem Taysi, Mustafa Ozakca, Junqing Xue, Bruno Briseghella
Summary: In this study, a full-scale 3D thermo-mechanical Finite Element model was used to investigate the impact of open-field thermal loads on box-girder bridges. The analysis showed similarities between stress distributions and temperature distributions, and the results indicated maximum compressive stress in both summer and winter conditions.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xuhong Zhou, Pengfei Men, Jin Di, Fengjiang Qin
Summary: Experimental tests on steel-concrete composite girders under negative moments showed that the ultimate load increased by 10-20% compared to bare steel girders. Increasing concrete slab thickness, reinforcement ratio, and web thickness led to improvements in shear capacity. Perfobond rib connectors exhibited better ductility, and the shear capacity of composite girders with 6 mm and 8 mm web thicknesses increased by 8-16% and 5.8%, respectively, compared to current codes. The nonlinear finite element model developed was validated with test results, showing that slab thickness significantly influences shear capacity, and increasing web depth-thickness ratio enhances the concrete slab's contribution to shear capacity.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Satheeskumar Navaratnam, Nilupa Herath, Weena Lokuge, Julian Thamboo, Keerthan Poologanathan
Summary: The study conducted experimental tests on timber bridges built during the colonial times in Australia and found that increasing notch depth significantly reduced the load carrying capacity of rectangular timber girders, while the corresponding circular timber girders had slightly lower reduction. In addition, changing the notch angle resulted in different degrees of increase in load carrying capacity for rectangular and circular girders.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhichao Lai, Jie Yan, Xiaohui Liu, Dong Li, Xiaoqiang Yang, Ying Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of high-strength concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) long columns and evaluates the current design equations for high-strength rectangular CFT long columns. An experimental database is compiled and gaps in the database are identified. Finite element models are developed for parametric studies and propose new design equations based on the modified slenderness reduction factor.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
M. F. Hassanein, Yu-Mei Zhang, A. A. Elkawas, Mohammad Al-Emrani, Yong-Bo Shao
Summary: This paper investigates the lateral-torsional buckling of small-scale corrugated web girders through parametric studies. The results show that factors such as girder length, web overall dimensions, corrugation dimensions, flange dimensions, and steel grades have significant effects on the strength of CWGs. The critical and design strengths of small-scale CWGs with small corrugation dimensions are evaluated and compared with existing design models. The predictions of Lindner's equation (1990) are found to be suitable, while the predictions of EC3 (2004) and AISC (2010) are highly conservative.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Patricia Vanova, Zhen Sun, Odin-Eliott Odinson, Zhiyu Jiang
Summary: Structural health monitoring is crucial for maintaining and extending the lifespan of bridges under complex loading conditions and damage scenarios. This study applies vibration-based methods to monitor the structural health of a Warren-type truss bridge. By obtaining natural frequencies and modal shapes through modal identification, and using a calibrated numerical model, damage scenarios are simulated to assess the dynamic responses of the bridge. The analysis shows that damaged members exhibit significant changes in accelerations, particularly in locations near their supports.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yuxing Yang, Amit H. Varma, Michael E. Kreger, Ying Wang, Kai Zhang
Summary: The study proposed the use of T-headed bars as shear reinforcement in concrete structures to alleviate rebar congestion and installation difficulties caused by conventional single-leg stirrups. Tests showed that specimens with T headed bars exhibited higher shear strength compared to those with stirrups, while exhibiting similar behavior. Design codes from six countries were found to provide conservative estimates of shear strength for specimens with T-headed bars.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Fei Xu, Sha-Sha Song, Zhichao Lai, Ju Chen
Summary: This study investigates the shear transfer within steel-encased concrete-filled steel tube members with shear connections, finding that shear can be transferred solely via direct bond interactions in compact members meeting load allocation requirements, with the use of reinforcing plates improving load transfer capacity. A design approach for the direct bond transfer mechanism is proposed, accurately predicting bond resistance on the interface between steel tube and concrete infill.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Dong Li, Zhichao Lai, Changjiang Liu, Juntao Guo, Xiaoqiang Yang, Minsheng Guan
Summary: This paper investigates the random vibration problem of pretensioned rectangular membrane structures under heavy rainfall through an analytical model and experimental system. The results show significant non-Gaussian distribution of displacement response, indicating strong nonlinear characteristics with increasing rainfall intensity and pretension. The proposed analytical model provides valuable guidance for engineering design from a probabilistic perspective.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Dan Huang, Tom Bradt, Tseng Tzu-Chun, Sijia Wang, Jan Olek, Amit Varma, Christopher Williams, Tommy Nantung
Summary: The study found that concrete exposed to fire contained lower levels of CH compared to unexposed sections, and had a higher degree of cracking and aggregate debonding.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Minsheng Guan, Xinsen Zheng, Ying Wang, Qian Xiao, Zhichao Lai, Hongbiao Du
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the seismic performance of innovative adaptive-slit composite structural walls. The results showed that the walls maintained their axial load capacity under ultra-high axial compressive ratio and effectively prevented shear failure.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chao Zhang, Jianian Wen, Qiang Han, Xiuli Du, Zhichao Lai, Guanghui Fu
Summary: This paper investigates the seismic performance of a typical diamond-shaped pylon in the transverse direction. Experimental testing and numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the influence of various parameters on the seismic behavior of the pylon.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ying Wang, Hang Lin, Zhichao Lai, Dong Li, Weisheng Zhou, Xiaoqiang Yang
Summary: This study investigates the flexural behavior of high-strength rectangular concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) members using both experimental and numerical methods. The results show that the flexural strength and stiffness are influenced by factors such as tube thickness, yield stress of steel, tube height, and tube width, while the compressive strength of concrete has a minor effect. High-strength CFST members have lower ductility compared to conventional-strength CFST members. The applicability of current design provisions for estimating flexural strength and stiffness was also evaluated, with AISC 360-16 providing reasonable estimations for flexural strength and AIJ providing the most accurate estimation for flexural stiffness.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qiu Zhao, Jinju Huang, Jianping Yang, Ying Wang, Ganlin He, Zhichao Lai
Summary: The problem of fiber discontinuity at the joint-deck interface in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) has been effectively addressed by proposing an innovative UHPC joint that creates steel fiber continuity. This study experimentally investigates the tensile behavior of the joint, considering various test parameters such as fiber content, length, diameter, shape, and strength. The results indicate that the joint tensile strength increases with fiber content, length, and strength, and the use of hooked end fibers enhances the strength compared to straight fibers. The study recommends using smaller diameter fibers to increase the bonding area with the matrix, as well as high-strength fibers for optimal performance in UHPC.
STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Morgan Broberg, Soheil Shafaei, Emre Kizilarslan, Jungil Seo, Amit H. Varma, Michel Bruneau, Ron Klemencic
Summary: This paper presents a capacity design principle for the seismic design of coupled composite plate shear wall-concrete filled systems. The principle ensures that the coupling beams yield before the base of the walls, and provides recommendations for sizing the beams and walls. The efficacy of the design philosophy was confirmed through numerical analysis and modeling techniques.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ataollah Taghipour Anvari, Saahastaranshu R. Bhardwaj, Shivam Sharma, Amit H. Varma
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of concrete-filled composite plate shear walls (C-PSW/CF) under combined gravity and fire loading. Non-linear finite element models were developed and validated using experimental data. The study examines the thermal and structural behavior of the walls under uniform fire loading and analyzes the effects of various parameters on their response. The findings provide insights for estimating fire-resistance rating and compressive strength of the walls at elevated temperatures.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Joo Min Kim, Amit H. Varma, Kyungkoo Lee, Kapsun Kim
Summary: This paper presents numerical investigations on the local damage and perforation of steel-plate composite walls subjected to missile impact. The numerical models developed in LS-DYNA software were benchmarked against experimental results and used for parametric studies and evaluation of design parameters. The results indicate the significant influence of steel faceplate reinforcement ratio and material strength on local damage.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Anna Tarasova, Deven Kanakamedala, Amit H. Varma, Jungil Seo, Robert J. Connor
Summary: Steel girder bridges across the U.S.A. suffer from significant corrosion deterioration, and the current repair methods are time-consuming and costly. This paper presents five innovative repair methods that can effectively and rapidly rehabilitate corroded steel girder bridges. Through evaluation and selection, two repair procedures suitable for the local Department of Transportation (DOT) in Indiana were chosen. The evaluation process considered robustness, cost reduction, and time requirements, and feedback from the local DOT was gathered.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Soheil Shafaei, Amit Varma, Devin Huber, Ron Klemencic
Summary: This paper presents the experimental and numerical studies on the cyclic lateral load behavior of C-PSW/CFs using hot-rolled structural steel members as boundary elements. The experimental results show that the specimens have a plastic hinge rotation capacity greater than 0.028 rad and displacement ductility ratio greater than 5.2.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhichao Lai, Shuo Deng, Jian Qin, Hui Chi, Xiangyao Meng, Xiaoqiang Yang, Ruiyuan Huang
Summary: The wall pressure generated by near-field underwater explosion bubble is a significant nonlinear problem and a focus of research in battleship anti-explosion design. Underwater explosion tests were conducted to quantify the load characteristics of bubble pulsation and water jet pressure. A finite element model was established and benchmarked to explore these load characteristics. It was found that plate dimension and stand-off distance have an impact on the pressure and impulse of the bubble pulsation and water jet.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaoqiang Yang, Qiang Zhang, Zhichao Lai, Wenshuo Ma
Summary: This study systematically investigated the impact behavior of UHPC-filled Q690 high-strength steel tubular columns and found that these components exhibited excellent impact resistance and energy absorption. Increasing the steel ratio and using high-strength steel and UHPC significantly enhanced the impact resistance and energy absorption efficiency. The effect of specimen length on the impact behavior was limited. Additionally, a finite element model considering the strain-rate effects was established and validated with experimental results.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Renbing An, Jiacong Yuan, Yi Pan, Duhang Yi
Summary: Traditional timber structures built on sloped land are more susceptible to seismic damage compared to structures built on flat land. The upper portion of the structure is found to be the weak point on sloped land, with potential issues such as tenon failure and column foot sliding.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Elyas Bayat, Federica Tubino
Summary: The current design guidelines for assessing floor vibration performance do not consider the influence of variability in the walking path on the dynamic response of floors. This study investigates the dynamic response of floors under a single pedestrian walking load, taking into account the randomness of the walking path and load. The effectiveness of the current guidelines in predicting floor response is critically assessed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gao Ma, Chunxu Hou, Hyeon-Jong Hwang, Linghui Chen, Zhenhao Zhang
Summary: Minimizing earthquake damage and improving repair efficiency are the main principles of resilient structures. This study proposed a repairable column with UHPC segments and replaceable energy dissipaters. The test results showed that the columns with UHPC segments and replaceable dissipaters exhibited high strength, deformation capacity, and energy dissipation.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kartheek S. M. Sonti, Pavan Kumar Penumakala, Suresh Kumar Reddy Narala, S. Vincent
Summary: In this study, the compressive behavior of alumina hollow particles reinforced aluminum matrix syntactic foams (AMSF) was investigated using analytical, numerical, and experimental methods. The results showed that the FE solver ABAQUS could accurately predict the elastic and elastio-plastic behavior of AMSFs. The study also suggested that FE models have great potential in developing new materials and composites under compression loading.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zheqi Peng, Xin Wang, Zhishen Wu
Summary: In this study, the statistical modeling of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) cables using the classic fiber bundle model is explored. The study considers important features of large-scale multi-tendon FRP cables, such as initial random slack and uneven tensile deformation among tendons. A parametric study and reliability analysis are conducted to predict the load-displacement relation and design thousand-meter-scale FRP cables. The study emphasizes the relation between the reliability index beta of the cable and the safety factor gamma of the FRP material.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yanchao Shi, Shaozeng Liu, Ye Hu, Zhong-Xian Li, Yang Ding
Summary: This paper introduces a damage assessment method for reinforced concrete (RC) columns under blast loading, using modal parameter measurement as the evaluation index. The validity of the proposed method is validated through numerical and experimental analysis. The results show that this modal-based damage assessment method is applicable for non-destructive evaluation of blast-induced damage of RC columns.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaolin Zou, Maosheng Gong, Zhanxuan Zuo, Qifang Liu
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient framework for assessing the collapse capacity of structures in earthquake engineering. The framework is based on an accurate equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (ESDOF) system, calibrated by a meta-heuristic optimization method. The proposed framework has been validated through case studies, confirming its accuracy and efficiency.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jie Hu, Weiping Wen, Chenyu Zhang, Changhai Zhai, Shunshun Pei, Zhenghui Wang
Summary: A deep learning-based rapid peak seismic response prediction model is proposed for the most common two-story and three-span subway stations. The model predicts the peak seismic responses of subway stations using a data-driven approach and limited information, achieving good predictive performance and generalization ability, and demonstrating significantly higher computational efficiency compared to numerical simulation methods.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jin Ho Lee, Jeong-Rae Cho
Summary: A simplified model is proposed to estimate the earthquake responses of a rectangular liquid storage tank considering the fluid-structure interactions. The complex three-dimensional structural behavior of the tank is represented by a combination of fundamental modes of a rectangular-ring-shaped frame structure and a cantilever beam. The system's governing equation is derived, and earthquake responses such as deflection, hydrodynamic pressure, base shear, and overturning moment are obtained from the solution.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
W. J. Lewis, J. M. Russell, T. Q. Li
Summary: The work discusses the key features and advantages of optimal 2-pin arches shaped by statistically prevalent load and constant axial stress. It extends the design space of symmetric arches to cover asymmetric forms and provides minimum values of constant stress for form-finding of such arches made of different materials. The analysis shows that constant stress arches exhibit minimal stress response and have potential implications for sustainability and durability of future infrastructure.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wen-ming Zhang, Han-xu Zou, Jia-qi Chang, Tian-cheng Liu
Summary: Saddle position is crucial in the construction and control of suspension bridges. This study proposes an analytical approach to estimate the saddle positions in the completed bridge state and discusses the calculation under different definitions. The relationship between the saddle position and the tower's centerline is analyzed, along with the eccentric compression of the tower. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified through a real-life suspension bridge.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shaise K. John, Alessio Cascardi, Yashida Nadir
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the use of TRM material for reinforcing concrete columns. The results showed that increasing the number of textile layers effectively increased the axial strength. Additionally, the choice of fiber type and hybrid textile configuration also had a significant impact on strength improvement. A new design model that considers the effects of both the confining matrix and textile was proposed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chandrashekhar Lakavath, S. Suriya Prakash
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the shear behavior of post-tensioned UHPFRC girders, considering factors such as prestress level, fiber volume fraction, and types of steel fibers. The results showed that increasing prestress and fiber dosage could enhance the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the girders, reduce crack angle, and increase shear cracking load.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Vahid Goodarzimehr, Siamak Talatahari, Saeed Shojaee, Amir H. Gandomi
Summary: In this paper, an Improved Marine Predators Algorithm (IMPA) is proposed for size and shape optimization of truss structures subject to natural frequency constraints. The results indicate that IMPA performs better in solving these nonlinear structural optimization problems compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chun-Xu Qu, Jin-Zhao Jiang, Ting-Hua Yi, Hong-Nan Li
Summary: In this paper, a computer vision-based method is proposed to monitor the deformation and displacement of building structures by obtaining 3D coordinates of surface feature points. The method can acquire a large number of 3D coordinates in a noncontact form, improve the flexibility and density of measurement point layout, and is simple and cost-effective to operate.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
