期刊
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
卷 171, 期 -, 页码 750-768出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2018.05.056
关键词
Bubbling fluidised bed; Fixed bed; Catalytic methanation; Biomethane; Biogas; Rate-based modelling; Power-to-gas
资金
- Competence Center for Energy and Mobility
- Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE)
- FOGA
- Swiss Innovation Agency lnnosuisse
- Swiss Competence Center for Energy Research SCCER BIOSWEET
- European Commission
- European Social Fund
- Calabria Region
Direct methanation of biogas is a promising application of the Power-to-Gas concept, since up to 80% more methane can be produced in comparison to conventional biogas upgrading methods. Six different processes, in which a bubbling fluidized bed or a fixed bed technology serves as the main reactor, were designed, simulated in detail and evaluated in terms of technical feasibility and product gas quality. Both reactor types showed the same chemical performance, since they are both restricted by kinetic and thermodynamic effects. However, the cooled fixed bed reactor requires about three times more catalyst mass than the bubbling fluidized bed. Both methanation technologies did not reach Swiss or German high calorific gas grid requirements in one step. Further upgrading units are necessary which were often not considered in previous literature. Hence, the technological effort for biogas upgrading is higher than often stated in literature. With a subsequent second-stage fixed bed or a gas separation membrane, every process considered reaches the required product gas quality. It is more challenging to fall below the maximum limit of hydrogen (2 vol-%) than to reach the mandatory methane content for grid injection. The electrolysis clearly dominates the power consumption in all processes.
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