Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Casini, David Chelazzi, Piero Baglioni
Summary: Cultural heritage assets are an important socioeconomic resource that requires maintenance to preserve their value for future generations. Traditional cleaning methods for art restoration have limitations and may use toxic or environmentally harmful compounds. However, recent advancements in materials science have provided safe and effective solutions for wet cleaning of artworks, including nanostructured cleaning fluids and physical and chemical gels. These methods selectively remove unwanted layers without damaging the original components of the artifacts, and green chemistry systems using low-toxicity solvents or bio-based/waste materials have gained attention. These advanced cleaning systems have been successfully used on masterpieces by renowned artists. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary nature of art cleaning research has implications beyond cultural heritage conservation, with potential applications in detergency, tissue engineering, drug-delivery, food industry, and cosmetics.
SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Optics
J. Brand, A. Wain, A. Rode, S. Madden, P. L. King, L. Rapp
Summary: In this study, we investigate the use of femtosecond laser pulses to remove various colors of spray paint from Moruya granite. The efficiency of the cleaning treatment and its effects on the stone substrate are evaluated using multiple analysis methods. The results demonstrate that femtosecond laser can successfully clean granite without causing damage or discoloration when the laser fluence is below the stone's damage threshold.
Article
Optics
Julia Brand, Andrei Rode, Steve Madden, Alison Wain, Penelope L. King, Ludovic Rapp
Summary: This paper investigates the ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of a high heritage value Australian granite and determines the ablation threshold and efficiency of different mineral components. It is relevant to laser cleaning and maintenance of heritage stone surfaces.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Liang Chen, Bin Jiang, Yanqun Tong, Jiabin Guo, Xudong Ren, Wangfan Zhou, Jiangyi Lu, Liuxin Ding
Summary: This paper analyzes the evolutionary behavior of a laser waterless cleaning mechanism and substrate surface state, and investigates the influence law of laser energy density and scanning speed on the residual solvent cleaning effect. The optimal laser cleaning parameters are obtained by comprehensive evaluation of the substrate surface cleaning effect and microscopic morphology. Raman spectroscopy detects a significant reduction of the peak, reflecting the excellent effect of laser waterless cleaning of residual organic solvents.
Article
Archaeology
Evan Maina Maingi, Maria Pilar Alonso, German F. de la Fuente, Stephan Dubernet, Yannick Lefrais, Remy Chapoulie, Elodie Vally, Luis A. Angurel
Summary: Laser irradiation is used for safe and controlled removal of surface deposits on different materials. In this study, an ultraviolet femtosecond pulsed laser was used to remove encrustation from a stained-glass sample, while preserving the underlying layers. The laser cleaning process proved to be effective without damaging the glass surface.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Giovanni Rotondi, Annalena Brini, Francesco Cantini
Summary: A group of twenty-eight fragments of monumental bronze statues from the Roman Age underwent conservation treatments at the OPD in Florence, Italy. The goal was to investigate the conservation issues of each fragment, identify suitable cleaning treatments, and preserve the precious artworks.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Chiara Chille, Guia Rossignoli, Tae Nagasawa, Iacopo Osticioli, Juri Agresti, Salvatore Siano, Daniele Ciofini
Summary: The complex structures of fabric artifacts, such as fiber bundles, warps, wefts, and folds, can limit the effectiveness of cleaning methods. Pulsed laser treatments show potential for effectively and non-invasively cleaning artificially soiled cotton fabrics.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
P. Irizar, O. Gomez-Laserna, G. Arana, J. M. Madariaga, I. Martinez-Arkarazo
Summary: This research investigates the potential of agar hydrogels loaded with ionic liquids (ILs) as a sustainable and gentle cleaning method for built heritage conservation. The results demonstrate that ILs can effectively remove iron and copper stains while also inhibiting microbial growth. This study showcases the potential of IL-loaded agar hydrogels as an innovative approach in the field of built heritage conservation.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bi Siyuan, Yang Shuo, Liu Hongbo, Lei Zhenglong
Summary: This study focused on the cleaning of Hydroides fouling on the surface of high-strength steel. The effect of laser fluence on cleaning quality was investigated, and the desorption behavior and characteristics of spectral and acoustic signals during laser cleaning were analyzed. The findings indicate that nanosecond pulsed laser can effectively remove Hydroides fouling on the high-strength steel surface, and the removal mechanism is the inverse bremsstrahlung mechanism.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Yijia Shen, Guangmin Zhang, Xinguang Zhou
Summary: An ancient Chinese bronze vessel presented a challenging conservation scenario, with an unknown pale green material adhered to its delicately decorated surface. A combination of diagnostic techniques including in-situ Raman spectroscopy analysis, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of both inorganic and organic compounds in the green material. The use of a pulsed Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser and a low-toxicity solvent mixture proved to be an effective and respectful method for cleaning the bronze vessel, while Raman spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging were used to assess the quality and visual effect of the cleaning result. The study also included experiments on mock-up samples to explore the Raman scatter property and reactivity with laser ablation of mixed materials, providing reference for similar situations in the conservation of bronze artifacts.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Li Wenhao, Shi Weiwei, Li Guanhua, Li Xiaofeng, Cheng Yuanfang, Zhang Haiwei
Summary: This study examines the feasibility of applying laser cleaning technology to equipment repair, and compares the cleaning efficiencies and effects under different conditions. Results show that laser cleaning technology is effective in removing adhesives from metal and glass surfaces, but can cause damage to wood and circuit board surfaces.
LASER & OPTOELECTRONICS PROGRESS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tomonori Hatori, Hiroki Saito, Yuji Ichikawa, Kazuhiro Ogawa, Yuichi Kato, Kosaku Motomura, Michito Nakano, Norimichi Yamashita
Summary: The effectiveness of a corrosion repair technique consisting of laser cleaning and cold spraying was investigated. Laser cleaning was found to be effective in removing surface corrosion, with a pulse frequency of 15 kHz being more effective in removing surface oxide layers compared to 40 kHz. Cold-sprayed zinc coatings on laser-cleaned specimens were thicker than those on conventionally cleaned specimens, and exhibited good adhesion after a 168 h salt spray test.
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Evan Maina Maingi, Maria P. Alonso, Luis A. Angurel, German F. de la Fuente, Stephan Dubernet, Remy Chapoulie, Oriane Mellouet, Elodie Vally
Summary: The aim of this research was to compare the effectiveness of chemical cleaning and laser cleaning in removing surface congruent dissolution products from a stained-glass sample. Both methods were able to eliminate the outer dark layer associated with carbon compounds and the external part of the white layer formed by salt crystallization. The advantages and disadvantages of each method were also discussed.
Article
Religion
Kimberly T. Wortmann
Summary: This article delves into how wealthy women in 19th-century Zanzibar used their built legacies to convey piety and authority, focusing on an old Ibadi mosque and a tombstone. Despite limited details of their lives and property in written records, insights into their religious and economic commitments can be gleaned from their legacies and contemporary writings. Additionally, the conservation of historic religious institutions in Zanzibar today relies on collaborations between local family members, state institutions, and transnational faith-based organizations.
Article
Agronomy
Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Amna Saleem, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum, Arshad Hussain
Summary: This study aimed to decrease water use, fuel consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions, and improve wheat productivity using LASER leveling and sowing methods. The results showed that LASER leveling and ridge sowing reduced water use, fuel consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions, while increasing wheat yield and yield components.
IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Serena Andreotti, Elisa Franzoni, Encarnacion Ruiz-Agudo, George W. Scherer, Paola Fabbri, Enrico Sassoni, Carlos Rodriguez-Navarro
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Enrico Sassoni, Giulia Masi, Maria Chiara Bignozzi, Elisa Franzoni
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Elisa Franzoni, Mattia Santandrea, Cristina Gentilini, Alberto Fregni, Christian Carloni
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Elisa Franzoni, Lucrezia Volpi, Alessandra Bonoli
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Enrico Sassoni, Elisa Franzoni, Milyana Stefanova, Zdravko Kamenarov, Paolo Scopece, Emanuele Verga Falzacappa
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Elisa Franzoni, Eric Rirsch, Yuri Paselli
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Enrico Sassoni, Elisa Franzoni
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cristina Gentilini, Yu Yuan, Christian Carloni, Elisa Franzoni
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cristina Gentilini, Francesco Finelli, Valentina Alena Girelli, Elisa Franzoni
Summary: This paper presents an experimental study on the pull-out behavior of twisted steel connectors inserted in units of different materials commonly found in existing masonry buildings. It is found that the compressive strength of the substrate plays a key role in the pull-out behavior of the connectors.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mattia Bassi, Enrico Sassoni, Elisa Franzoni
Summary: Salt crystallization is a severe deterioration mechanism affecting heritage materials, but solutions to mitigate this problem are limited. A new biopolymeric treatment based on chitosan, in combination with hydroxyapatite, shows promise in preventing salt damage in porous limestones used in historic architecture. Accelerated salt crystallization tests confirm the effectiveness of the combined treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cesare Pizzigatti, Elisa Franzoni
Summary: The study focuses on the deterioration of materials in the dome of the Woodpecker dance club and investigates whether conservative restoration methods can be applied to this example of contemporary architecture.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ester Barbieri, Francesca Trevisiol, Cesare Pizzigatti, Gabriele Bitelli, Elisa Franzoni
Summary: This paper examines the behavior of brick masonry subjected to wetting using infrared thermography as a non-invasive technique. The study investigates the impact of different water repellent coatings on water transport properties and highlights the critical issue of drying behavior.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alberto Fregni, Luca Venturi, Elisa Franzoni
Summary: Photocatalytic coatings based on TiO2 nanoparticles have shown promising results in laboratory studies and onsite testing, exhibiting self-cleaning, antimicrobial, and depolluting properties. However, further research is needed to understand the effectiveness and durability of these coatings when applied on different substrates in outdoor environments. This study investigates the behavior of a nanodispersion of titania nanoparticles on cement-based substrates, which are commonly used in buildings. The results show that the substrate and weathering significantly impact the performance of the coating.
Proceedings Paper
Archaeology
E. Sassoni, S. Siegesmund, G. W. Scherer, E. Franzoni
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FLORENCE HERI-TECH: THE FUTURE OF HERITAGE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)
Proceedings Paper
Archaeology
M. Stefanova, Z. Kamenarov, E. Sassoni, E. Franzoni, M. Ripa, A. Patelli, M. Sakaj, P. Scopece, E. Verga Falzacappa
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FLORENCE HERI-TECH: THE FUTURE OF HERITAGE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Samiran Khorat, Debashish Das, Rupali Khatun, Sk Mohammad Aziz, Prashant Anand, Ansar Khan, Mattheos Santamouris, Dev Niyogi
Summary: Cool roofs can effectively mitigate heatwave-induced excess heat and enhance thermal comfort in urban areas. Implementing cool roofs can significantly improve urban meteorology and thermal comfort, reducing energy flux and heat stress.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qi Li, Jiayu Chen, Xiaowei Luo
Summary: This study focuses on the vertical wind conditions as a main external factor that limits the energy assessment of high-rise buildings in urban areas. Traditional tools for energy assessment of buildings use a universal vertical wind profile estimation, without taking into account the unique wind speed in each direction induced by the various shapes and configurations of buildings in cities. To address this limitation, the study developed an omnidirectional urban vertical wind speed estimation method using direction-dependent building morphologies and machine learning algorithms.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaojun Luo, Lamine Mahdjoubi
Summary: This paper presents an integrated blockchain and machine learning-based energy management framework for multiple forms of energy allocation and transmission among multiple domestic buildings. Machine learning is used to predict energy generation and consumption patterns, and the proposed framework establishes optimal and automated energy allocation through peer-to-peer energy transactions. The approach contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and enhances environmental sustainability.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ying Yu, Yuanwei Xiao, Jinshuai Chou, Xingyu Wang, Liu Yang
Summary: This study proposes a dual-layer optimization design method to maximize the energy sharing potential, enhance collaborative benefits, and reduce the storage capacity of building clusters. Case studies show that the proposed design significantly improves the performance of building clusters, reduces energy storage capacity, and shortens the payback period.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Felix Langner, Weimin Wang, Moritz Frahm, Veit Hagenmeyer
Summary: This paper compares two main approaches to consider uncertainties in model predictive control (MPC) for buildings: robust and stochastic MPC. The results show that compared to a deterministic MPC, the robust MPC increases the electricity cost while providing complete temperature constraint satisfaction, while the stochastic MPC slightly increases the electricity cost but fulfills the thermal comfort requirements.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Somil Yadav, Caroline Hachem-Vermette
Summary: This study proposes a mathematical model to evaluate the performance of a Double Skin Facade (DSF) system and its impact on indoor conditions. The model considers various design parameters and analyzes their effects on the system's electrical output and room temperature.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruijun Chen, Holly Samuelson, Yukai Zou, Xianghan Zheng, Yifan Cao
Summary: This research introduces an innovative resilient design framework that optimizes building performance by considering a holistic life cycle perspective and accounting for climate projection uncertainties. The study finds that future climate scenarios significantly impact building life cycle performance, with wall U-value, windows U-value, and wall density being major factors. By using ensemble learning and optimization algorithms, predictions for carbon emissions, cost, and indoor discomfort hours can be made, and the best resilient design scheme can be selected. Applying this framework leads to significant improvements in building life cycle performance.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2024)