Article
Thermodynamics
Meng Yuan, Jakob Zinck Thellufsen, Peter Sorknaes, Henrik Lund, Yongtu Liang
Summary: The study highlights the importance of finding a balance between industrial excess heat and heat pumps in future district heating systems to transition towards 100% renewable energy. Through comprehensive techno-economic analysis, an optimal district heating strategy can be determined to achieve a low-cost carbon-neutral system and reveal effective interactions between different sectors.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Thermodynamics
J. Barco-Burgos, J. C. Bruno, U. Eicker, A. L. Saldana-Robles, V Alcantar-Camarena
Summary: This study reviews different district heating and cooling networks and explores the integration of high-temperature commercial heat pumps. The results show that integrating heat pumps into DHC networks can significantly improve environmental performance while providing economic benefits.
Article
Thermodynamics
Francesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Luca Cimmino, Massimo Dentice d'Accadia, Maria Vicidomini
Summary: This work presents a novel design and thermo-economic optimization of a 5th generation district heating and cooling network in Pantelleria island, Italy. The design includes bidirectional low-temperature neutral rings controlled by heat pumps cooled by seawater, as well as wind turbines and photovoltaic panels for power production. The layout aims to promote the transition to small-scale distributed generation with renewables and achieves significant energy, economic, and environmental savings.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Taha Arghand, Saqib Javed, Jan-Olof Dalenback
Summary: This article investigates the coupling of direct ground cooling (DGC) with ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) and district heating (DH). The results show that using DGC-DH significantly reduces purchased electricity, while the total energy cost is lower with DGC-GSHP. In most cases, the investment and lifecycle costs are lower for DGC-DH.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anna Volkova, Ieva Pakere, Lina Murauskaite, Pei Huang, Kertu Lepiksaar, Xinxing Zhang
Summary: The 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) network offers numerous advantages including integration of low-temperature resources, bi-directional operation, decentralised energy flows, and potential energy sharing. This study evaluates the prospects of implementing 5GDHC systems in the Baltic states and identifies Lithuania as having the most favorable conditions for implementation, while Estonia shows the greatest potential for heat pumps and excess heat utilization in 5GDHC systems.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Francesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice d'Accadia, Fontina Petrakopoulou, Maria Vicidomini
Summary: The research presents a 5th generation bidirectional heating/cooling network that reduces primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions, with suggestions to address high costs and inadequate energy storage.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Akram Sandvall, Martin Hagberg, Kristina Lygnerud
Summary: The utilization of urban excess heat in district heating systems can improve competitiveness and reduce costs. Replacing boilers in DH systems and buildings with UEH can further enhance overall benefits.
ENERGY STRATEGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Markus Fritz, Margaux Savin, Ali Aydemir
Summary: The use of industrial excess heat is important for the expansion and decarbonization of district heating networks. However, the factors and barriers for implementing excess heat recovery projects are uncertain. Through expert interviews and literature review, it is found that projects often rely on individuals, communication between stakeholders is insufficient, relevant stakeholders are unaware of excess heat recovery opportunities, and financial aspects play an important role in decision-making.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Taha Arghand, Saqib Javed, Jan-Olof Dalenback
Summary: This study examines the potential combination of direct ground cooling with district heating and ground source heat pumps, comparing the required borehole depths and drilling areas. The findings indicate that the combination of direct ground cooling and district heating requires shorter borehole depths and also provide insights into optimizing investment costs and drilling areas.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. Volkova, H. Koduvere, H. Pieper
Summary: This study examines the current status of power-to-heat integration in the heat supply in the Baltic region. It investigates and compares three scenarios for district heating electrification development until 2050. The study finds that large-scale heat pumps will play a significant role in heat generation in the Baltic states by 2050, while the use of natural gas will gradually decrease. The current network tariffs hinder the introduction of heat pumps, while subsidies in the Investment Support scenario greatly facilitate their adoption.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fangtian Sun, Xiaoqing Zhao, Baoru Hao
Summary: Utilizing solar energy for space heating and cooling in China is a promising approach to achieve the carbon emission peak goal by 2030. However, the low energy density and intermittent energy output of solar energy pose challenges in meeting the continuous high energy demand in northern Chinese cities. A novel solar-driven low temperature district heating and cooling system based on distributed half-effect absorption heat pumps with lithium bromide is proposed to address these challenges. The system proves to have high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and significant reductions in heating cost, cooling cost, and carbon emissions when compared to conventional systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. Petersen, Carsten Hausherr, Walther Huels, Reuven Paitazoglou, Jan Albers
Summary: Scientists from Technische Universitat Berlin have developed a new generation of single stage H2O/LiBr absorption chillers in the past years, with proven performance figures in thermal and electrical coefficient of performance. The follow-up project focuses on overall system control and efficiency improvement, aiming to double the electrical energy efficiency compared to previous installations. Field test results from 2020 and 2021 are presented to demonstrate the advancements in absorption cooling technology.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fangtian Sun, Wanqing Xu, Hongbing Chen, Baoru Hao, Xiaoqing Zhao
Summary: To address the issue of insufficient demand coverage by conventional solar-driven heating systems, two configurations of solar-driven low temperature district heating and cooling systems are proposed. By using distributed single-effect or half-effect water-lithium bromide absorption heat pumps in energy stations to reduce the return temperature, the system's performance can be improved. The analysis results show that replacing single-effect heat pumps with half-effect ones can significantly enhance annual coefficient of performance, reduce cooling cost, and increase economic heat transmission distance. Thus, the proposed solar-driven low temperature district heating and cooling system integrated with distributed half-effect water-lithium bromide absorption heat pumps is promising for application in Northern China.
Article
Thermodynamics
Verena Halmschlager, Felix Birkelbach, Rene Hofmann
Summary: The industry accounts for about one third of global energy consumption, making it crucial to reduce energy consumption and emissions to achieve global climate goals. Operational optimization and flexibility measures can improve industrial processes efficiency, utilizing excess heat to decrease energy losses. By analyzing the optimal utilization of excess heat for district heating in a chipboard production plant, it was found that profits can be significantly increased by applying operational optimization and considering process adaptations.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristina Lygnerud, Jonas Ottosson, Johan Kensby, Linnea Johansson
Summary: The study analyzes the potential benefits of using Heat Pumps in District Heating Networks, showing that it can lead to significant cost and emissions savings. However, the transition to successful HP/DH combinations faces challenges such as resistance from Swedish DH companies, low maturity in service provision, limited customer engagement, and difficulty in capitalizing on the value of green technology adoption.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fatima Felgueiras, Zenaida Mourao, Catarina Morais, Hugo Santos, Marta Fonseca Gabriel, Eduardo de Oliveira Fernandes
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vasco Granadeiro, Margarida Almeida, Tiago Souto, Vitor Leal, Joao Machado, Adelio Mendes
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tiago Souto, Margarida Almeida, Vitor Leal, Joao Machado, Adelio Mendes
Review
Energy & Fuels
Fatima Lima, Paula Ferreira, Vitor Leal
Review
Energy & Fuels
Isabel Azevedo, Vitor Leal
Review
Energy & Fuels
Dania Ortiz, Vitor Leal, Isabel Azevedo
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vitor Leal, Raul Teixeira
Article
Energy & Fuels
Isabel Azevedo, Vitor Leal
Summary: This paper suggests using decomposition analysis to assess the impact of local energy-related actions on climate change mitigation, and demonstrates this methodology with a case study in Malmo, Sweden between 1990 and 2015.
Editorial Material
Energy & Fuels
Vitor Leal
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
I. Azevedo, V. Leal
Summary: The evaluation and quantification of the effects of local actions on climate change mitigation is crucial. Existing methodologies have limitations in isolating the effects of local policy actions, but a new model proposed in this paper can disaggregate the observed changes and estimate the effects originating from local policies alone. The applicability of this model is demonstrated in a case study of Porto, Portugal.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fatima Lima, Paula Ferreira, Vitor Leal
Summary: Interest in the interaction between energy and health in the built environment has been growing in recent years in the context of sustainable development. This study focuses on the association between health and energy at the household level using data from Portugal, and finds that energy expenditure is a relevant explanatory variable for health expenditures, especially for older and low-income populations.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Margarida Almeida, Vitor Leal, Vasco Granadeiro, Joao Machado, Adelio Mendes
Summary: This study introduces a new concept of facades coated with machined ETIC boards displaying tilted strips, which shows positive impacts on indoor temperature and energy demand optimization in different locations. Compared to pristine facades, the new TiS-ETICS system results in temperature decrease in summer and increase in winter in free-floating mode, and achieves annual energy savings in conditioned mode.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Dania Ortiz, Vera Migueis, Vitor Leal, Janelle Knox-Hayes, Jungwoo Chun
Summary: This paper presents an alternative method using decision trees to predict the effectiveness and efficacy of renewable energy policies. The analysis is data-driven and helps policymakers design policies with a higher likelihood of achieving their goals, emphasizing the importance of data availability.
Article
Economics
Anna Billerbeck, Barbara Breitschopf, Jenny Winkler, Veit Buerger, Benjamin Kohler, Alexandre Bacquet, Eftim Popovski, Mostafa Fallahnejad, Lukas Kranzl, Mario Ragwitz
Summary: This paper provides an overview of policy frameworks for district heating (DH) in Europe. The authors develop a classification for policy aspects addressing DH, including regulation, ownership, pricing, metering, consumer grid connection, third party access, support schemes, and carbon taxes. The relevance of this paper lies in its comprehensive analysis of the existing policy frameworks for DH in 23 European countries. The study reveals that the policy frameworks for DH can be categorized into five distinct groups, with varying degrees of regulation and support for DH.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fatima Lima, Paula Ferreira, Vitor Leal
Summary: This study conducted an investigation in Portugal and found the mediating role of energy affordability between poor housing and health status, proposing a comprehensive approach to maximize health risk reduction.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Cheng, Fukai Song, Lei Fu, Saishuai Dai, Zhiming Yuan, Atilla Incecik
Summary: This paper investigates the accessibility of wave energy absorption by a dual-pontoon floating breakwater integrated with hybrid-type wave energy converters (WECs) and proposes a hydraulic-pneumatic complementary energy extraction method. The performance of the system is validated through experiments and comparative analysis.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jing Gao, Chao Wang, Zhanwu Wang, Jin Lin, Runkai Zhang, Xin Wu, Guangyin Xu, Zhenfeng Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a new integrated method for biomass cogeneration project site selection, with a focus on the application of the model in Henan Province. By integrating Geographic Information System and Multiple Criterion Decision Making methods, the study conducts site selection in two stages, providing a theoretical reference for the construction of biomass cogeneration projects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer
Summary: The current study presents a hybrid small modular nuclear reactor and solar-based system for sustainable communities, integrating floating and bifacial photovoltaic arrays with a small modular reactor. The system efficiently generates power, hydrogen, ammonia, freshwater, and heat for residential, agricultural, and aquaculture facilities. Thermodynamic analysis shows high energy and exergy efficiencies, as well as large-scale ammonia production meeting the needs of metropolitan areas. The hybridization of nuclear and solar technologies offers advantages of reliability, environmental friendliness, and cost efficiency compared to renewable-alone and fossil-based systems.
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Wojciech Stanek, Wojciech Adamczyk
Article
Thermodynamics
Desheng Xu, Yanfeng Li, Tianmei Du, Hua Zhong, Youbo Huang, Lei Li, Xiangling Duanmu
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of hybrid mechanical-natural ventilation for smoke control in complex metro stations. The results show that atrium fires are more significantly impacted by outdoor temperature variations compared to concourse/platform fires. The gathered high-temperature smoke inside the atrium can reach up to 900 K under a 5 MW train fire energy release. The findings provide crucial engineering insights into integrating weather data and adaptable ventilation protocols for smoke prevention/mitigation.
Article
Thermodynamics
Da Guo, Heping Xie, Mingzhong Gao, Jianan Li, Zhiqiang He, Ling Chen, Cong Li, Le Zhao, Dingming Wang, Yiwei Zhang, Xin Fang, Guikang Liu, Zhongya Zhou, Lin Dai
Summary: This study proposes a new in-situ pressure-preserved coring tool and elaborates its pressure-preserving mechanism. The experimental and field test results demonstrate that this tool has a high pressure-preservation capability and can maintain a stable pressure in deep wells. This study provides a theoretical framework and design standards for the development of similar technologies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Aolin Lai, Qunwei Wang
Summary: This study assesses the impact of China's de-capacity policy on renewable energy development efficiency (REDE) using the Global-MSBM model and the difference-in-differences method. The findings indicate that the policy significantly enhances REDE, promoting technological advancements and marketization. Moreover, regions with stricter environmental regulations experience a higher impact.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Ghasemi, Hegazy Rezk
Summary: This study utilizes fuzzy modeling and optimization to enhance the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). By simulating and analyzing experimental data sets, the ideal parameter values for increasing power density, COD elimination, and coulombic efficiency were determined. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy model and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of MFCs.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhang Ruan, Lianzhong Huang, Kai Wang, Ranqi Ma, Zhongyi Wang, Rui Zhang, Haoyang Zhao, Cong Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a grey box model for fuel consumption prediction of wing-diesel hybrid vessels based on feature construction. By using both parallel and series grey box modeling methods and six machine learning algorithms, twelve combinations of prediction models are established. A feature construction method based on the aerodynamic performance of the wing and the energy relationship of the hybrid system is introduced. The best combination is obtained by considering the root mean square error, and it shows improved accuracy compared to the white box model. The proposed grey box model can accurately predict the daily fuel consumption of wing-diesel hybrid vessels, contributing to operational optimization and the greenization and decarbonization of the shipping industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huayi Chang, Nico Heerink, Junbiao Zhang, Ke He
Summary: This study examines the interaction between off-farm employment decisions between couples and household clean energy consumption in rural China, and finds that two-paycheck households are more likely to consume clean energy. The off-farm employment of women is a key factor driving household clean energy consumption to a higher level, with wage-employed wives having a stronger influence on these decisions than self-employed ones.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanguan Wen, Xiufeng Liu, Ming Yang, Bo Lei, Xu Cheng, Zhe Chen
Summary: Demand-side management is crucial to smart energy systems. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to understand the relationship between energy consumption patterns and household characteristics for better DSM services. The proposed method uses a clustering algorithm to generate optimal customer groups for DSM and a deep learning model for training. The model can predict the possibility of DSM membership for a given household. The results demonstrate the usefulness of weekly energy consumption data and household socio-demographic information for distinguishing consumer groups and the potential for targeted DSM strategies.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinglan Hou, Xiuping Zhong, Shuaishuai Nie, Yafei Wang, Guigang Tu, Yingrui Ma, Kunyan Liu, Chen Chen
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of utilizing a multi-level horizontal branch well heat recovery system in the Qiabuqia geothermal field. The research systematically investigates the effects of various engineering parameters on production temperature, establishes mathematical models to describe their relationships, and evaluates the economic viability of the system. The findings demonstrate the significant economic feasibility of the multi-level branch well system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Longxin Zhang, Songtao Wang, Site Hu
Summary: This investigation reveals the influence of tip leakage flow on the modern transonic rotor and finds that the increase of tip clearance size leads to a decline in rotor performance. However, an optimal tip clearance size can extend the rotor's stall margin.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kristian Gjoka, Behzad Rismanchi, Robert H. Crawford
Summary: This paper proposes a framework for assessing the performance of 5GDHC systems and demonstrates it through a case study in a university campus in Melbourne, Australia. The results show that 5GDHC systems are a cost-effective and environmentally viable solution in mild climates, and their successful implementation in Australia can create new market opportunities and potential adoption in other countries with similar climatic conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jianwei Li, Guotai Wang, Panpan Yang, Yongshuang Wen, Leian Zhang, Rujun Song, Chengwei Hou
Summary: This study proposes an orientation-adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester by introducing a rotatable bluff body, which allows for self-regulation to cater for changing wind flow direction. Experimental results show that the output power of the energy harvester can be greatly enhanced with increased rotatory inertia of the rotating bluff body, providing a promising solution for harnessing wind-induced vibration energy.
