Article
Thermodynamics
Ingrid R. F. S. Alves, Claudio F. Mahler, Luciano B. Oliveira, Marcelo M. Reis, Joao P. Bassin
Summary: The addition of crude glycerol in anaerobic co-digestion process can significantly increase the production of biogas and methane. Although methane production was transiently inhibited at the highest concentration in the trials, it was restored and even maximized after a period of adaptation.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Shudan Xue, Lina Zhou, Minzheng Zhong, Mukesh Kumar Awasthi, Hui Mao
Summary: The study found that adding bamboo biochar can reduce greenhouse gas emissions during sewage sludge composting, while different bacterial agents have varying effects on emissions. The nitrous oxide emissions are closely related to bacterial communities, with strong negative correlations with certain bacteria groups.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yemei Li, Jialing Ni, Hui Cheng, Aijun Zhu, Guangze Guo, Yu Qin, Yu-You Li
Summary: In a continuous experiment in a high-solid membrane bioreactor, the methane recovery rate reached 98.0% and 89.0% when pure food waste and 25% sewage sludge were used as substrates. Hydrolysis was found to be the rate-limiting step, and methanogenic performance and microbial community were significantly influenced by feed condition.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yemei Li, Jialing Ni, Hui Cheng, Guangze Guo, Tao Zhang, Aijun Zhu, Yu Qin, Yu-You Li
Summary: A high-solid mesophilic AnMBR with a capacity of 15 L was operated to digest food waste, primary sludge, and excess sludge. The digestion performance was evaluated based on methane generation, permeate quality, and organic reduction. The microbial community was also analyzed using 16S rRNA gene analysis. The results showed that the addition of sludge reduced H2S levels in biogas compared to mono-digestion of food waste, and co-digestion with food waste increased biogas and methane production compared to mono-digestion of sludge. A substitution ratio of 25% had a significant impact on permeate composition and reaction rates. The energy recovery ratios of the mesophilic AnMBR were over 75%, and hydrolysis was found to be the most influenced step by the substrate composition in the anaerobic digestion process. The microbial community structures were stable under the tested conditions, and Methanosaeta was the dominant methanogen in the archaea community regardless of the sludge ratio.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pinar Belibagli, Zelal Isik, Nadir Dizge, Mehmet Ali Mazmanci, Deepanraj Balakrishnan, Feroz Shaik, Nirmith Kumar Mishra
Summary: This study investigated the use of waste sludge and food waste for bio-acidification processes to achieve sustainable phosphate release and biogas production. Response surface methodology was used for optimization, achieving pH 5.30 and 371 mg/L P release for 10 days at 10% food waste and 45 degrees C. A cumulative biogas production of 196 mL was also achieved. This approach offers benefits such as reduced operating costs, elimination of external chemical additions for pH control, waste management, resource recovery, cost reduction, and environmental friendliness.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magdalena Konczak, Anna Siatecka, Michael A. Nazarkovsky, Bozena Czech, Patryk Oleszczuk
Summary: The study demonstrates that converting bio-wastes into biochars is an effective environmental solution with high adsorption capacity. By converting different types of bio-wastes into biochars, the adsorption behavior of fulvic acids can be effectively controlled. The results show that biochars derived from sewage sludge have the highest adsorption capacity for fulvic acids.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Malgorzata Wzorek
Summary: The paper presents the results of drying biofuels from sewage sludge using solar energy. The study showed that drying biofuels in a 10-cm thick layer is beneficial, especially in spring and fall. In summer, all biofuels can reach moisture content below 10% after an average of 4 days.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wai Lin Cheong, Yi Jing Chan, Timm Joyce Tiong, Woon Chan Chong, Worapon Kiatkittipong, Kunlanan Kiatkittipong, Mardawani Mohamad, Hanita Daud, I. Wayan Koko Suryawan, Mega Mutiara Sari, Jun Wei Lim
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop a simulation model of anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge for biogas production. The results showed the optimal parameters for methane yield, COD removal efficiency, and VS removal efficiency. Economic analysis indicated that the study is feasible and economically viable.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hongbo Liu, Xingkang Wang, Yueying Fang, Wenjia Lai, Suyun Xu, Eric Lichtfouse
Summary: Biochar addition to anaerobic digestion systems improves methane production, and the residues of anaerobic digestion can be recycled into new biochar. The study found that the residue biochar produced the highest methane yield, possibly due to its higher abundance of basic groups and electroactive microorganisms.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bao-Shan Xing, Yi Zhang, Rui-Qi Zhang, Jing Ma, Xiang-Lin Chang, Xi-Fang Tang, Yu-You Li, Xiaochang C. Wang, Rong Chen
Summary: In this study, a new type of anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) was designed and operated in parallel with a conventional continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) to enhance the substrate conversion efficiency and improve the reactor stability of codigestion with waste activated sludge (WAS) and food waste (FW). The results showed that the AnDMBR achieved a higher methane yield and maintained stable conditions compared to the CSTR. The dynamic membrane performance of the AnDMBR was also effective in intercepting the substrate and microorganisms during long-term periodic operation.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kehua Wang, Toyohiko Nakakubo
Summary: The sewage sludge recycling strategy in Japan is shifting towards energy utilization. Energy conversion technologies are being favored over high-temperature incineration for dewatered sludge treatment. The presence of digestion tanks significantly impacts the efficiency of energy conversion technologies in sewage sludge, highlighting the importance of choosing the right system for optimal results.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Camila A. D'Aquino, Samantha C. Santos, Ildo L. Sauer
Summary: This study proposes an evaluation framework for assessing the technical and economic potential of producing bioelectricity using organic residues and effluents. The research shows high levels of organic waste handling and electricity consumption at the main campus of this university, and utilizing these wastes to produce bioelectricity is a feasible option, resulting in potential biogas and bioelectricity generation.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Aijun Zhu, Yu Qin, Jing Wu, Min Ye, Yu-You Li
Summary: The optimal performance was achieved in the thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion process of sewage sludge with paper waste at a ratio of 4:6, where the COD removal efficiency and biogas production increased significantly. The addition of paper waste had a positive impact on the competition between carbohydrate and protein degradation, with cellulolytic bacteria becoming the predominant group.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yadong Ge, Junyu Tao, Zhi Wang, Chao Chen, Lan Mu, Haihua Ruan, Yakelin Rodriguez Yon, Hong Su, Beibei Yan, Guanyi Chen
Summary: This study proposed a machine learning-based M-ADM1 model for simulating anaerobic digestion. The model predicts the kinetic parameters in ADM1 using inputs such as biomass composition and digestion temperature. After optimization, the model achieved high accuracy in predicting the kinetic parameters, with an average R2 of 0.92 and a root mean square error of 0.167. The overall accuracy of the M-ADM1 model was evaluated using Theil inequality coefficient, which showed good performance for different types of waste. These results demonstrate the potential of machine learning in enhancing the traditional ADM1 model.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xuan Zhang, Dachao Ma, Jiahao Lv, Qingge Feng, Zhengwu Liang, Hongcheng Chen, Jinghang Feng
Summary: Using mature compost as a bulking agent for food waste rapid composting can reduce CO2 and N2O emissions, but it results in higher N2O emissions compared to rice bran. The abundance of denitrifying bacteria and the expression of narG and nirK genes were higher in mature compost, contributing to N2O emissions.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Mohammad Javad Sayyari, Jinyul Hwang, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study examines the capability of an unsupervised deep learning network to capture large-scale structures in a fully developed turbulent channel flow. The results demonstrate that the generative adversarial network accurately presents statistical data and successfully predicts structural characteristics hidden in the training dataset. Additionally, the study finds that larger-scale structures exhibit more aggressive waviness behavior, leading to an increase in the number of vortical structures surrounding low-momentum structures.
Article
Electrochemistry
Sobin Mathew, Elham Hosseinirad, Kyung Chun Kim, Won Sub Chung, Oi Lun Li, Young-Rae Cho
Summary: Novel ceria-based electrocatalysts, Gd-doped CeO2 nanocrystals (GDC) and Sm-doped CeO2 nanospheres (SDC), exhibit excellent activity in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with promising stability. The diverse-valence Ce3+/Ce4+ redox states, positive entropy contribution, and easy reduction characteristics attributed to dopants contribute to the high electrochemical performance for water splitting.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Chukwuemeka Ekwonu, Mirae Kim, Binqi Chen, Muhammad Tauseef Nasir, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The parallel expander ORC system improves the partial-load performance of an ORC by switching between various combinations of expanders. This study developed a dynamic model using dual expanders to investigate the dynamic responses during mode changes. Experimental results were used to implement empirical parameters and a control strategy was proposed to prevent droplet formation in the expanders during mode transition. Analysis showed that the optimum shifting time was between 40 to 50 s.
Article
Mechanics
Sajjad Hosseini, Aref Afsharfard, Mehdi Rafati Zarkak, Javad Abolfazli Esfehani, Seungho Kim, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: The present study investigates the effect of changes on the cross-sectional geometry of a flow-induced vibration-based energy harvester. A bio-inspired geometry, similar to the 'Amaryllis' flower, is utilized for numerical and experimental studies. The study reveals a proportional relation between the enhancement of fluid dynamic forces and the shortening of vortex formation length, and demonstrates that the newly proposed nature-inspired system can effectively increase the amount of harvested energy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohammad Parsa Ghofrani Maab, SayedMehrdad Bathaei, Mirae Kim, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study investigated numerically the ammonia/air premixed combustion in conditions relevant to marine engines. It aimed to gain a deeper understanding of ammonia combustion at high pressure and humidity conditions. The effects of mixture equivalence ratio, compression ratio, and relative humidity on essential combustion characteristics were extensively studied. The results showed that increased air humidity could decrease the laminar flame speed but mitigate NO production, without affecting the reaction pathways.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shabnam Mohammadshahi, Hadi Samsam-Khayani, Binqi Chen, Tao Cai, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This article explores a cost-effective two-dimensional temperature measurement method based on the lifetime technique, which utilizes thermographic phosphor materials to measure surface temperatures. The study analyzes different phosphor-coated samples to study emitted light intensity and temperatures at discrete points. Additionally, a high-speed camera is used to measure surface temperature distributions to ensure coating stability for temperature sensing applications.
JOURNAL OF VISUALIZATION
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yong Eun Lee, Shujun Zhang, Nak Joon Choi, Yoojeong Noh, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study adopts deep learning techniques to detect the misalignment fault of rotating machinery, extracting fault features and reducing dimensions through the t-SNE algorithm, and using the ANN algorithm for fault classification. Compared to the conventional PCA method, the t-SNE algorithm shows higher fault classification accuracy with vibration data.
JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Golnaz Zarabian Ghaeini, Mohammad Parsa Ghofrani Maab, Sayed Mehrdad Bathaei, Mirae Kim, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: Ammonia is a promising carbon-free fuel and hydrogen carrier. Blending it with hydrogen can address its low flammability issue. However, there is a lack of microscale data on ammonia combustion. This study uses numerical simulations to investigate the stable flame region, NOx emission, and combustion efficiency of ammonia/hydrogen blends in micro-combustors. The findings suggest that a stable flame cannot be achieved at very low or high inlet velocities, and when the hydrogen fraction is below 60% in the fuel. It is recommended to reduce the inlet velocity to improve combustion efficiency when a higher percentage of ammonia is required in the fuel.
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Juyong Jung, Mirae Kim, Tao Cai, Yingzheng Liu, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: Thermographic phosphor thermometry is a widely used non-contact surface temperature measurement method. The damage of chemical bonding coatings during the measurement often leads to the loss of temperature information. In this study, a deep neural network model was proposed to recover the lost data, achieving a prediction accuracy of over 94.94%. However, the model performed relatively poorly in regions with large temperature gradients.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ahmad Kazemi, Mahmood Norouzi, Ali Abbas Nejad, Mirae Kim, Kyung Chun Kim, Seo Gyun Kim
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the immiscible viscoelastic Saffman-Taylor instability in porous media. The viscoelastic displacing fluids used were glycerin, water, and polyacrylamide solutions, while the immiscible displaced fluids were silicone oils with different viscosities. The study analyzed the role and contribution of the first normal stress difference and elongational viscosity in the immiscible viscoelastic displacement, as well as the effects of different parameters on the flow instability.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Sunghwan Oh, Dohyung Kim, Kyung Chun Kim, Doo-In Kim, Wonsub Chung, Byung-Hyun Shin
Summary: Si wafers used in semiconductors require precise machining and are processed using an STS304 saw wire. Recently, the super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) has shown superior performance compared to STS304 and is suitable for use as a saw wire. Nickel plating was applied to ferritized SDSSs to improve the saw wire performance, and the electrochemical properties were analyzed. The optimal duration for electrolytic nickel plating of ferritized SDSS was found to be 240 s.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mohammad Reza Attari, Mahmood Norouzi, Mohammad Hassan Kayhani, Alireza Bakhshinejad Bahambari, Mirae Kim, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study investigates the film cooling performance of oscillating flow on two rows of cooling holes with different arrangements. The results show that flow oscillation can improve the cooling effectiveness of compound angled cooling holes. The frequency of oscillation affects the cooling performance and flow structures.
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART A-APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Mohammad Kazam Sheykhian, Mohammad Hasan Kayhani, Mahmood Norouzi, Mirae Kim, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This study investigated the impact of Boger droplets on spherical surfaces, considering the effects of various liquid and surface properties for the first time. The researchers examined the rheological properties of the droplets and analyzed the influence of elasticity, elongational viscosity, and the first normal stress difference on the impact of Boger droplets on solid surfaces. The results were compared to those of equivalent Newtonian droplets in terms of viscosity and surface tension coefficient. Additionally, the study explored the effects of Weber number, diameter ratio, and surface wettability on the spreading and receding behaviors of viscoelastic droplets.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Pouya Pouyaei, Mohammad Hassan Kayhani, Mahmood Norouzi, Alireza Bakhshinejad Bahambari, Mirae Kim, Kyung Chun Kim
Summary: This numerical study investigated the effects of a curved turning vane on heat transfer and pressure loss in an internal cooling channel. The results showed that the curved turning vane reduced pressure drop and attenuated overall heat transfer, but increased local heat transfer in specific regions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Sunghwan Oh, Dohyung Kim, Kyungchun Kim, Doo-In Kim, Wonsub Chung, Byung-Hyun Shin
Summary: This study analyzed the effect of surface roughness on the corrosion resistance and re-passivation of SDSS. The findings showed that surface roughness reduces the corrosion potential and increases the corrosion current density, thereby reducing the corrosion resistance. A surface roughness of less than 100 nm is recommended for better corrosion resistance when using SDSS in a corrosive environment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
