Dorzolamide nanoliposome as a long action ophthalmic delivery system in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients

Importance: To reduce the frequency of dorzolamide eye drop administration and increasing the duration of action. Background: This study aims to compare the effect of dorzolamide loaded-nanoliposome with marketed dorzolamide HCI eye drop on intraocular pressure in primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients. Design: A randomized study was conducted in a hospital. Participants: Twenty patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (in both eyes) diagnosis were recruited as participants. Methods: Dorzolamide loaded-nanoliposome was prepared by thin layer hydration method and characterized. Intra ocular pressure were compared between the two groups who received marketed dorzolamide solution or dorzolamide-loaded nanoliposome. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measures include intraocular pressure initially (day 0) and on days 14 and 28 and adverse effect of dorzolamide-loaded nanoliposome eye drop. Results: Based on the results of repeated measure, intra ocular pressure was seen to decrease in both the groups. But these reductions in the intervention group (dorzolamide-loaded eye drop) were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study confirmed safety and long-lasting efficacy of dorzolamide loaded-nanoliposome eye drop. The highly enhanced permeation through the cornea can be attributed to similarity of phospholipid bilayer of liposomes to the biological membrane and their small particle size and positive zeta potential.