Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaishav Dhage, Maryam Ferdousi, Safwaan Adam, Jan Hoong Ho, Alise Kalteniece, Shazli Azmi, Uazman Alam, Georgios Ponirakis, Ioannis Petropoulos, Andrew J. Atkinson, Andrew Marshall, Maria Jeziorska, Handrean Soran, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: The study demonstrates the worsening of diabetic neuropathy across various measures, especially with corneal confocal microscopy (CCM), despite improvements in HbA1c and LDL-C. It further supports the utility of CCM as a rapid, non-invasive surrogate measure of diabetic neuropathy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandra S. S. Gylfadottir, Mustapha Itani, Alexander G. G. Kristensen, Jens R. R. Nyengaard, Soren Hein Sindrup, Troels S. S. Jensen, Nanna B. B. Finnerup, Pall Karlsson
Summary: This study assessed and compared the use of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM), intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD), cold detection threshold (CDT), and warm detection threshold (WDT) in the diagnosis of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes. It was found that CCM had the lowest sensitivity compared with other small fiber measures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bruce A. Perkins, Leif Erik Lovblom, Evan J. H. Lewis, Vera Bril, Maryam Ferdousi, Andrej Orszag, Katie Edwards, Nicola Pritchard, Anthony Russell, Cirous Dehghani, Daniele Pacaud, Kenneth Romanchuk, Jean K. Mah, Maria Jeziorska, Andrew Marshall, Roni M. Shtein, Rodica Pop-Busui, Stephen Lentz, Mitra Tavakoli, Andrew J. M. Boulton, Nathan Efron, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: In this study, corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) was found to be an effective indicator for predicting the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). It showed good predictive validity for identifying patients at higher risk of developing DPN similar to 6 years in the future.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alise Kalteniece, Maryam Ferdousi, Shazli Azmi, Saif Ullah Khan, Anne Worthington, Andrew Marshall, Catharina G. Faber, Giuseppe Lauria, Andrew J. M. Boulton, Handrean Soran, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: This study showed that corneal nerve loss increases with the severity of neuropathic pain, and corneal nerve density may be correlated with the diagnosis of PDN.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Uazman Alam, Georgios Ponirakis, Omar Asghar, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Shazli Azmi, Maria Jeziorska, Andrew Marshall, Andrew J. M. Boulton, Nathan Efron, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: Accurate identification of the high-risk group for diabetic peripheral neuropathy progression in diabetic patients is crucial, and corneal confocal microscopy is an effective method for this purpose.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maryam Ferdousi, Alise Kalteniece, Shazli Azmi, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Georgios Ponirakis, Uazman Alam, Omar Asghar, Andrew Marshall, Catherine Fullwood, Maria Jeziorska, Caroline Abbott, Giuseppe Lauria, Catharina G. Faber, Handrean Soran, Nathan Efron, Andrew J. M. Boulton, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) has shown to be more effective in identifying severe corneal nerve loss in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes. It also demonstrates good diagnostic accuracy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Furthermore, the risk factors for a reduction in corneal nerve fiber length differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Article
Immunology
Michael Fleischer, Inn Lee, Friedrich Erdlenbruch, Lena Hinrichs, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Rayaz A. Malik, Hans-Peter Hartung, Bernd C. Kieseier, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Mark Stettner
Summary: The study showed that an increase in dendritic cell density can identify individuals with CIDP. Corneal nerve fiber density, length, and branch density were equally reduced in participants with CIDP, diabetic neuropathy, and CIDP with diabetes. Therefore, corneal confocal microscopy may be useful in differentiating inflammatory from non-inflammatory diabetic neuropathy.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Anna M. Roszkowska, Carmelo Licitra, Giuseppe Tumminello, Elisa Postorino, Michele R. Colonna, Pasquale Aragona
Summary: This review summarizes the impact of diabetes on corneal nerves, including changes in nerve morphology and density, as well as the relationship with disease duration and severity. In vivo corneal confocal microscopy is an important tool for monitoring postoperative nerve conditions in diabetic patients.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Serena Zampino, Farooq H. Sheikh, Joban Vaishnav, Daniel Judge, Baohan Pan, Amrita Daniel, Emily Brown, Gigi Ebenezer, Michael Polydefkis
Summary: This study describes the neurological and cardiac characteristics of common US ATTR mutations V122I, L58H, and late-onset V30M in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. The results indicate that there are clinical differences among these mutations, including age of onset, sex distribution, neurological impairment scores, and cardiac indicators. These findings have important implications for the diagnosis and clinical management of ATTR mutations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Adnan Khan, Jennifer Pasquier, Vimal Ramachandran, Georgios Ponirakis, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Omar Chidiac, Binitha Thomas, Amal Robay, Amin Jayyousi, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Arash Rafii, Robert A. Menzies, Talal K. Talal, Seyed Hani Najafi-Shoushtari, Charbel Abi Khalil, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: Alterations in circulating miRNAs may play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with corneal nerve loss showed significant differences in neuropathic symptoms, nerve function, and nerve morphology compared to those without nerve loss. Specifically, miR-92b-3p was downregulated while miR-22-3p was upregulated in T2DM patients with corneal nerve loss. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of dysregulated miRNAs in diabetic neuropathy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Wei Zheng So, Natalie Shi Qi Wong, Hong Chang Tan, Molly Tzu Yu Lin, Isabelle Xin Yu Lee, Jodhbir S. Mehta, Yu-Chi Liu
Summary: This article reviews the relationship between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, including their pathogenesis, clinical presentation, evaluation, and management. It emphasizes the importance of diabetic corneal neuropathy as a surrogate marker for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Katz, Hannah Mork, Nazik Baghdasaryan, Lukas Hesse, Kai Wille, Jasmin Treichel, Jeremias Motte, Rafael Klimas, Dietrich Sturm, Peter Dieter Schellinger, Hans-Joachim Hettlich, Joerg Philipps
Summary: The role of high-resolution nerve ultrasound (HRUS) and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in the early detection of taxane-induced polyneuropathy (TIPN) was investigated in this study. The results showed that HRUS and CCM were unable to detect early signs of TIPN during treatment, while clinical examination remained the most sensitive tool.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ting Zhou, Allie Lee, Amy Cheuk Yin Lo, Jeremy Sze Wai John Kwok
Summary: This article provides an overview of the relationship between corneal nerves and diabetic neuropathy, explores the underlying mechanisms of corneal nerve changes caused by diabetes, and introduces therapeutic methods for delayed corneal wound healing and nerve protection and regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Yuichi Uchino, Miki Uchino, Miki Mizuno, Yuta Shigeno, Kenichi Furihata, Jun Shimazaki
Summary: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between dry eye symptoms and morphological changes in corneal subbasal nerves/ocular surfaces, as well as identify tear film biomarkers indicating these changes. A total of 43 adults with dry eye disease (DED) and 16 individuals with healthy eyes were evaluated based on their subjective symptoms and ophthalmological findings. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe corneal subbasal nerves. The results showed that individuals with DED had lower tear breakup times (TBUT) and pain tolerance capacity, as well as higher corneal nerve branch density (CNBD) and corneal nerve total branch density (CTBD) compared to the control group. CNBD and CTBD were negatively correlated with TBUT. Six biomarkers, including cystatin-S, immunoglobulin kappa constant, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, profilin1, protein S100-A8, and protein S100-A9, exhibited positive correlations with CNBD and CTBD. These findings suggest that DED is associated with morphological alterations in corneal nerves, which can be diagnosed and treated using confocal microscopy.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Haifa Maalmi, Alexander Strom, Agnese Petrera, Stefanie M. Hauck, Klaus Strassburger, Oliver Kuss, Oana-Patricia Zaharia, Gidon J. Boenhof, Wolfgang Rathmann, Sandra Trenkamp, Volker Burkart, Julia Szendroedi, Dan Ziegler, Michael Roden, Christian Herder
Summary: No established blood-based biomarker exists for monitoring diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) and evaluating treatment response. This study found that higher serum levels of neurofilament light chain (NFL) were associated with prevalent DSPN and nerve dysfunction in individuals recently diagnosed with diabetes. The findings suggest that NFL could be a potential biomarker for DSPN.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anthony W. Russell, Peter Adkins, Lisa Hayes, Erin Prior, Christine McCormack, John DiGregorio
Summary: This study reported the outcomes of a proof of concept trial of eConsults for patients with diabetes and endocrine disorders. The results showed that eConsults were able to provide specialist advice within the target timeframe and were highly rated by general practitioners. eConsults also helped avoid the need for face-to-face specialist review for some patients.
INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Nathan Efron
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Nathan Efron, Lyndon W. Jones, Phillip B. Morgan, Jason J. Nichols
Summary: Publication metrics were derived for silicone hydrogel (SH) and daily disposable (DD) contact lenses fields, identifying the most impactful authors, institutions, countries, and journals in each category. The study found that the impact of SH field is significantly higher than that of the DD field.
JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Nathan Efron, Philip B. Morgan, Jason J. Nichols, Karen Walsh, Mark D. Willcox, James S. Wolffsohn, Lyndon W. Jones
Summary: This article discusses the implications of inappropriately substituting different types of soft contact lenses, including lens properties and usage, as well as potential patient dissatisfaction and adverse events. It emphasizes that contact lenses are medical devices that require prescription and fitting, and different lens types have differences, so substitution may lead to undesirable consequences.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luisa H. Colorado, Lauren Beecher, Nicola Pritchard, Khaled Al Rashah, Cirous Dehghani, Anthony Russell, Rayaz A. Malik, Nathan Efron, Katie Edwards
Summary: Time-lapsed in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCCM) revealed an increase in whorl region dendritic cell (DC) density in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but no changes in other DC sub-types or cell dynamics. Furthermore, there were correlations between DC density and lipid parameters, as well as between DC dynamics and renal function.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Uazman Alam, Georgios Ponirakis, Omar Asghar, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Shazli Azmi, Maria Jeziorska, Andrew Marshall, Andrew J. M. Boulton, Nathan Efron, Rayaz A. Malik
Summary: Accurate identification of the high-risk group for diabetic peripheral neuropathy progression in diabetic patients is crucial, and corneal confocal microscopy is an effective method for this purpose.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vikas S. Sridhar, Hongyan Liu, Leif Erik Lovblom, Denice S. Feig, Elaine Herer, Michelle A. Hladunewich, Alexander Kiss, Radha P. Kohly, Lorraine L. Lipscombe, Paul M. Yip, David Z. Cherney, Baiju R. Shah
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic pathways associated with microvascular complications in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or microvascular disease. The results showed significant associations between GDM status and various biomarkers, including apolipoprotein A1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-I and -II, vascular endothelial growth factor, and von Willebrand factor. Elevated levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-II were associated with increased albuminuria, while high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and previous GDM were associated with retinopathy. These findings suggest that mechanistic pathways related to microvascular complications are active in pregnant women with GDM or microvascular disease.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teresa L. Z. Jones, Crystal M. Holmes, Aimee Katona, Catherine L. Martin, Monika A. Niewczas, Rodica Pop-Busui, Brian M. Schmidt, Chandan K. Sen, Marjana Tomic-Canic, Aristidis Veves
Summary: The NIDDK Diabetic Foot Consortium (DFC) was established to conduct high-quality clinical research on diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and improve healing and prevent amputations. The consortium focuses on developing and validating biomarkers for DFUs and plans to study the role of social determinants of health in DFU treatment.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah E. Elzinga, Emily J. Koubek, John M. Hayes, A. Carter, Faye E. Mendelson, Ian Webber-Davis, Stephen I. Lentz, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: The prevalence of obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes is increasing, and they are linked to neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment. The cGAS/STING pathway is involved in both metabolic dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, a murine model targeting the cGAS/STING pathway was established to study obesity- and prediabetes-induced cognitive impairment. The results showed sexually dimorphic responses to high-fat diet in cGAS knockout mice, possibly due to differences in microglial morphology and cognition.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ana Raquel Souza de Azevedo Vieira, Lara Benigno Porto-Dantas, Flaviene Alves do Prado Romani, Patricia Souza Carvalho, Rodica Pop-Busui, Hermelinda Cordeiro Pedrosa
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) in people with diabetes using practical tools. The results showed a high frequency of symptomatic DAN, which was associated with factors such as age, blood sugar, and abdominal circumference. Using a digital app to assess DAN symptoms proved to be a practical and easy-to-use method, and there is a need to assess metabolic syndrome in larger samples for DAN evaluations.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sivakumar Jeyarajan, Irina X. Zhang, Peter Arvan, Stephen I. Lentz, Leslie S. Satin
Summary: The levels of free calcium (Ca2+) in pancreatic beta cell organelles have been studied recently. Disturbances in these calcium pools under pathological conditions are associated with altered communication and dysfunction of the cells. A dual Ca2+ sensor, called DS-1, was designed to investigate subcellular Ca2+ signalling in beta cells, specifically between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. DS-1 successfully measured ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ in real time and exhibited expected functional properties.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evan L. Reynolds, Kara Mizokami-Stout, Nathaniel M. Putnam, Mousumi Banerjee, Dana Albright, Lynn Ang, Joyce Lee, Rodica Pop-Busui, Eva L. Feldman, Brian C. Callaghan
Summary: This study aims to compare and describe healthcare costs and utilization for insured individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and without diabetes in the United States. The results show that in 2018, out-of-pocket costs and total costs were highest for individuals with T1D (out-of-pocket: $2,037.2, total: $25,652.0), followed by T2D (out-of-pocket: $1,543.3, total: $22,408.1), and without diabetes (out-of-pocket: $1,122.7, total: $14,220.6). From 2009 to 2018, there was an increase in out-of-pocket costs for individuals with T1D (+6.5%), but a decrease for T2D (-7.5%) and without diabetes (-2.3%). Medication costs made up the largest proportion of out-of-pocket costs regardless of diabetes status (T1D: 51.4%, T2D: 55.4%, without diabetes: 51.1%).
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Brian M. Schmidt, Keith S. Kaye, David G. Armstrong, Rodica Pop-Busui
Summary: This study evaluated the outcomes of initial antibiotic management strategies for infected diabetic foot ulcers and found that culture-guided antibiotic therapy can reduce hospitalizations. This suggests that tissue culture should be obtained to guide antibiotic treatment.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yu Kuei Lin, James E. Aikens, Nicole de Zoysa, Diana Hall, Martha Funnell, Robin Nwankwo, Kate Kloss, Melissa J. Dejonckheere, Rodica Pop-Busui, Gretchen A. Piatt, Stephanie A. Amiel, John D. Piette
Summary: By utilizing an mHealth SMS text messaging intervention program, hypoglycemia self-management can be improved for individuals with T1D who use advanced diabetes technology.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amy L. Johnson, Kelly L. Hayward, Preya Patel, Leigh U. Horsfall, Alvin Ee Zhiun Cheah, Katharine M. Irvine, Anthony W. Russell, Katherine A. Stuart, Sue Williams, Gunter Hartel, Patricia C. Valery, Elizabeth E. Powell
Summary: Screening for advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients from T2D clinics or primary care can help identify those at higher risk for liver-related complications. Prognostic value of baseline noninvasive fibrosis tests, such as NFS, FIB-4, ELF test, and LSMs, was shown in predicting liver outcomes and mortality. Patients with high-risk NFS, FIB-4 scores, or ELF test results were more likely to develop liver-related complications in the study.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)