Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin Kendall
Summary: The purpose of this paper is to propose a mechanism and theory that can explain the extraordinary increase in measured strength that Griffith observed for glass fibers containing nano-cracks. The author argues that the strength should increase for smaller samples due to the Griffith energy criterion of cracking, which predicts that smaller samples have less volume energy to create new crack surface energy. However, the concept of size effect has not been properly defined for the simple tension crack test. The author also introduces the idea that many nano-cracks may exist in an experimental glass sample and need to be analyzed thermodynamically.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Guixiang Zhao, Hong-Yuan Liu, Xusheng Du, Helezi Zhou, Yiu-Wing Mai, Yuan-Yuan Jia, Wenyi Yan
Summary: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were coated onto glass fibers (GFs) using a one-step flame synthesis method to enhance the interfacial bonding strength with epoxy resin matrix. The results showed a significant improvement of about 33% in the interfacial bonding strength for CNT-coated GFs/epoxy compared to the untreated GF/epoxy. Moreover, the wettability of CNT-coated GF by epoxy was significantly increased, indicating the potential of efficient high-performance composites fabrication using the flame synthesis method.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Min Lin, Shaohua He, Sihua Qiao, Zhe Xiong, Yu Qiu, Jianjun Zhang, Lijuan Li
Summary: This study investigated the effects of expansive agents (EAs) and glass fibers (GFs) on the splitting strength and fracture performance of seawater and sea-sand concrete (SSC). It was found that adding sole EAs or GFs improved the mechanical properties of SSC significantly. The combination usage of EAs and GFs showed the maximum enhancement in strength and toughness. The proposed constitutive model agreed well with the experimental results.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yong Geng, Rijeesh Kizhakidathazhath, Jan P. F. Lagerwall
Summary: This study presents a simple approach to produce long and mechanically robust cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer filaments. These fibers exhibit fast, progressive, and reversible mechanochromic responses, making them suitable for wearable technology and other applications requiring autonomous strain sensing.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
M. William Kithiia, M. David Munyasi, M. Stephen Mutuli
Summary: This study compared the mechanical properties of natural, mercerized, and cornified sisal fibers. Mercerization significantly improved tensile strength, while cornification increased fracture stress. However, these treatments also introduced flaws in the fibers.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anastasiia Mikhalchan, Maria Vila, Luis Arevalo, Juan J. Vilatela
Summary: This study conducted a parametric study of the CNT fibre spinning process and found that conducting the reaction at high temperature using toluene as a carbon source, and adjusting the promotor to carbon ratio can simultaneously improve conversion and properties.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
R. Borinaga-Trevino, A. Orbe, J. Canales, J. Norambuena-Contreras
Summary: The study focused on enhancing the performance of cement mortars with brass fibers using electrical discharge machining and ultrasonic time, aiming to improve thermal conductivity and reduce waste.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
M. Megahed, M. A. Agwa, A. A. Megahed
Summary: Ultrasound sonication is an effective technique to thoroughly disperse nanoparticles into a polymeric matrix. The study found that ultrasonic parameters have a significant impact on the dispersion of nano-clay in a polyester matrix, and optimizing sonication amplitude, time, and cycle can improve the mechanical properties of the composite material.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huiyong Guo, Gangchuan Chen, Yong Hu, Man Xiang, Jianguan Tang, Dian Fan, Weibing Gan, Desheng Jiang
Summary: The properties of the protective coating material significantly affect the temperature measurements of drawing-tower gratings (DTGs). The glass transition of the coating material causes the temperature response curve of DTG to bend, while the hydrophilicity of the material separates the temperature-rise and -fall curves.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Ginevra Lalle, Edoardo Rossi, Marco Sebastiani, Fabrizio Sarasini, Jacopo Tirillo
Summary: This study investigates the effects of exposure to medium-high temperatures on the mechanical properties of quartz fibers. While temperature-induced strength reduction occurs, no significant changes are observed in bulk properties such as Young's modulus, density, and fracture toughness. Failure originates from the fiber surface, and the mechanisms involved may be related to the development of surface flaws.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Firas J. Hameed, Isam M. Ibrahim, Omed Gh Abdullah, Mahdi H. Suhail
Summary: Pure polypyrrole (PPy) and tungsten oxide (WO3) nanostructures were prepared and combined to form PPy-WO3 hybrid nanocomposite thin films using drop-casting process, resulting in an increase in optical energy gap and conductivity. The hybrid nanocomposite films demonstrated faster response time and higher sensitivity to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) compared to pure PPy films due to synergistic effect between PPy and WO3.
ECS JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdullah Ahmed Ali Ahmed, Enas Ali Ahmed Alahsab, A. M. Abdulwahab
Summary: The dual doped nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures significantly enhanced the structural and optical properties of NiO, making them promising materials for microelectronics applications. Zn and Mg dopants improved the electrochromic performance of doped NiO samples, with the band gap energy values increasing with the amount of doping.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiping Hu, Yiguang Jiang, Fengxian Zhou, Chunlin Chen, Jin He, Zijun Zhan, Zhengzheng Liu, Juan Du, Long Zhang, Yuxin Leng
Summary: In this study, a method for synthesizing perovskite quantum dots in nano-porous glass is demonstrated. By using nanoporous glass as a nano-reactor, perovskite quantum dots can be rapidly synthesized at low temperatures. The resulting perovskite quantum dots exhibit enhanced stability and can be used in a rapid-response red-green switching LED sensor.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zuyi Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the adsorption and desorption processes of water on glasses with varying pore sizes, and demonstrates the importance of pores in antifogging applications. A design scheme for antifogging coatings with specific pore sizes is proposed based on the experimental results.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mingming Cui, Hu Huang, Lin Zhang, Jiwang Yan
Summary: In this study, a new nanosecond laser pulling method is proposed to fabricate micro-nano structures on metallic glasses. The formation mechanism and evolution of the micro-nano bulge are investigated, and various micro-nano structures are successfully created on the MG surface, affecting the surface optical diffraction. Overall, this study provides a highly flexible and controllable method for the fabrication of micro-nano structures on MGs.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Antonio del Bosque, Xoan F. Sanchez-Romate, Maria Sanchez, Alejandro Urena
Summary: The use of graphene and other carbon nanoparticles in developing chemical and physical sensors is of great interest. A graphene nanoplatelet-PDMS sensor is proposed in this study, with a focus on its strain-sensing capabilities and crack propagation mechanisms. The results show that the sensor has high sensitivity and robustness, and it can successfully detect human motion by monitoring neck, wrist, and facial movements.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antonio del Bosque, Xoan F. Sanches-Romate, Maria Sanchez, Alejandro Urena
Summary: Highly stretchable sensors based on graphene nanoplatelet reinforced polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) have been manufactured for human motion monitoring purposes. The sensors exhibit ultra-high gauge factor values at low strain levels and decreasing sensitivity with increasing graphene nanoplatelet content. Electrical resistance and impedance spectroscopy analyses reveal the electrical behaviors of the sensors under tensile and compressive conditions. A proof of concept study demonstrates the capability of the sensors in detecting various human motions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antonio del Bosque, Bianca K. Munoz, Maria Sanchez, Alejandro Urena
Summary: This article investigates the fabrication and performance evaluation of solid polymer electrolytes based on epoxy resins, ionic liquid, and nanoparticles. The optimized electrolyte demonstrates excellent thermomechanical and electrochemical properties and follows the Arrhenius ion transport model.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
L. M. Saiz, M. G. Prolongo, V Bonache, A. Jimenez-Suarez, S. G. Prolongo
Summary: This study successfully synthesized photo-cured thermosetting systems with self-healing capabilities by introducing monomers with disulfide bonds. The resulting materials exhibit improved mechanical properties and a lower glass transition temperature compared to typical acrylate thermosets.
Article
Polymer Science
Rocio Calderon-Villajos, Xoan Fernandez Sanchez-Romate, Alberto Jimenez-Suarez, Silvia Gonzalez Prolongo
Summary: Self-healing materials have become a focus of interest in recent years. The use of thermoset/thermoplastics blends offers a promising option with low activation temperatures and infinite healing cycles. However, a systematic study of healing conditions and evaluation is necessary for further industrial development.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alberto Jimenez-Suarez, Silvia G. G. Prolongo
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
C. Lopez-Pernia, C. Munoz-Ferreiro, R. Moriche, A. Morales-Rodriguez, A. Gallardo-Lopez, R. Poyato
Summary: 3 mol% yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3YTZP) composites with orthotropic or isotropic microstructures were successfully prepared by incorporating few layer graphene (FLG) or exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets (e-GNP) as fillers. The electrical conductivity of the composites was investigated in a wide range of contents, both perpendicular and parallel to the pressing axis during spark plasma sintering (SPS). Isotropic e-GNP composites showed excellent electrical conductivity at high e-GNP contents (sigma(perpendicular to)similar to 3200 S/m and sigma(//) similar to 1900 S/m for 20 vol% e-GNP), while highly anisotropic FLG composites exhibited optimal electrical performance with high conductivity at low contents (sigma(perpendicular to) similar to 680 S/m for 5 vol%) and outstanding conductivity at high contents (sigma(perpendicular to) similar to 4000 S/m for 20 vol%).
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xoan F. Sanchez-Romate, Edgar Gomez, Maria Sanchez, Alejandro Urena
Summary: Carbon nanoparticle-reinforced adhesive films have been studied as surface sensors to detect small strains. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) have shown a higher gauge factor compared to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at low strains due to their 2D nature. The adhesive film has successfully been applied as a surface sensor for strain monitoring in an aluminum plate, with repeatable signals and agreement with the mechanical response.
Article
Polymer Science
Bianca K. Munoz, Andres Gonzalez-Banciella, Daniel Urena, Maria Sanchez, Alejandro Urena
Summary: Different modifications of woven carbon fiber based on carbon aerogel, copper oxide nanoparticles, and lignin have been tested for the fabrication and performance of a flexible supercapacitor. The device with a sandwich type configuration showed the best performance and maintained good electrochemical values even during and after bending.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David Martinez-Diaz, Emma Espeute, Alberto Jimenez-Suarez, Silvia Gonzalez Prolongo
Summary: This study proposes a mechanical recycling method for carbon fiber prepregs to obtain multifunctional coatings with Joule effect heating capabilities. By incorporating proper size and distributed short recycled carbon fiber into the coating, high electrical conductivity is achieved, resulting in a low power self-heating coating.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. I. Rodriguez-Tapiador, A. Jimenez-Suarez, A. Lama, N. Gordillo, J. M. Asensi, G. del Rosario, J. Merino, J. Bertomeu, A. Agarwal, S. Fernandez
Summary: This study investigates the effects of temperature and gas working pressure on the solar absorption capabilities of Cu3N thin films. The results show that Cu3N thin films have favorable optical properties and resilience against defects, making them promising for solar energy applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Keyu Zhu, Xitao Zheng, Jing Peng, Jiaming Sun, Ruilin Huang, Leilei Yan
Summary: This paper discusses the influence of multiple impacts on the compression strength of honeycomb sandwich structures with composite face sheets. It is found that the size of the impactor affects the turning point of the compression strength. Additionally, high impact energy leads to damage in the bottom face sheet and reduces the overall compression strength.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Danqian Wang, Yanfei Yue, Jueshi Qian
Summary: Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement (MKPC) as a binder for steel rebars shows improved corrosion resistance when subjected to carbonation, due to the increase in pH and the formation of a more protective oxide film.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhibin Li, Wenyu Wang, Pengcheng Xue, Xingyu Wei, Jian Xiong
Summary: This work proposes a design approach and manufacturing method for carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) corrugated sandwich truncated cones (CSTC) to improve their anti-debonding ability and ensure reliability. The study establishes theoretical models for CSTCs' stiffness and failure modes, which are verified through experiments and finite element analysis (FEA). The research reveals the effect of geometric parameters on failure modes and performs an optimal design for CSTC structures. The findings have significant implications for the design and application of lightweight CSTCs in constructions, such as launch vehicle adapters.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mingyu Zhang, Lei Chu, Jiahua Chen, Fuxun Qi, Xiaoyan Li, Xinliang Chen, Deng-Guang Yu
Summary: This review summarizes the different structures and construction methods of fibrous membranes with asymmetric wettability. It also reviews the biological applications of these membranes and suggests future challenges.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
E. Mofakhami, L. Gervat, B. Fayolle, G. Miquelard-Garnier, C. Ovalle, L. Laiarinandrasana
Summary: This study investigates the effects of fibre concentration on the mechanical response of welded glass-fibre-reinforced polypropylene (GF-PP). Experimental observations reveal a significant reduction in weld ratio, up to 60%, indicating a decreased strength compared to the bulk material. Increasing fibre content in the welded material results in a decrease in stress at break and strain at the maximum stress. The use of DIC technique and X-ray microtomography further confirms the localized strain amplification in the welded zone due to the significant increase in fibre density.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Emad Pourahmadi, Farjad Shadmehri, Rajamohan Ganesan
Summary: This research compares the mechanical properties of laminates manufactured using automated fiber placement and conventional autoclave curing methods. The results show that laminates manufactured using automated fiber placement have a lower interlaminar shear strength compared to laminates reconsolidated using autoclave curing. A finite element simulation method is proposed to quantitatively analyze these differences.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Johnny Jakobsen, Benny Endelt, Fahimeh Shakibapour
Summary: This study proposes a new bolted/pinned joining method for composite applications, which improves load transfer by introducing a patch-type reinforcement. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in both static and fatigue load conditions compared to existing methods. Finite element simulations highlight the advantage of this method, as it creates a more efficient load-transferring mechanism through different stress distributions.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Gisele G. Cintra, Janine D. Vieira, Daniel C. T. Cardoso, Thomas Keller
Summary: This paper proposes a novel approach to assess multi-crack behavior in layered fiber-polymer composites. The generated Compliance and R-curves provide useful insights into understanding the multiple delamination process and allow for separate evaluation of strain energy release rate (SERR) for each crack. The developed cohesive zone model successfully simulates the failure process zone of three parallel cracks, showing good agreement between the numerical model and experimental results.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Renil Thomas Kidangan, Sreedhar Unnikrishnakurup, C. Krishnamurthy, Krishnan Balasubramaniam
Summary: The induction heating process can accurately identify fiber orientation and stacking order, making it a valuable tool for large-area inspection and quality control in manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sungjun Hwang, Yousoo Han, Douglas J. Gardner
Summary: Bleached Kraft pulp, unbleached Kraft pulp, and old corrugated cardboard pulp are suitable for producing cellulose nanofibril suspensions. Spray drying is a fast, simple, cost-effective, and scalable drying method. Spray-dried cellulose nanofibrils can be used as reinforcing materials in polypropylene matrices. The particle size of cellulose nanofibrils affects the material properties.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mehdi Mahdavi, Abbas Zolfaghari
Summary: This study aims to improve the recovery forces of shape memory polymers (SMPs) through material extrusion additive manufacturing. By using glass fiber (GF) as reinforcement and manufacturing multi-layer composite specimens, it was found that PLA with 6.62% GF exhibited the best recovery force, which was further optimized through annealing heat treatment.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Ao, Antonio Vazquez-Lopez, Davide Mocerino, Carlos Gonzalez, De-Yi Wang
Summary: The vulnerability of natural fibers to heat and fire poses a significant challenge for their substitution of traditional fiber reinforcements in composite materials. Natural fiber/polymer composites (NFCs) are regarded as potential candidates for engineering applications due to their environmental friendliness and low-impact sourcing. Thus, appropriate approaches need to be implemented to enhance the fire safety of NFCs. This review summarizes and discusses the latest understanding of flammability and thermal properties of natural fibers, with a special focus on their interaction with polymer matrix in fire behavior. Additionally, the latest developments in flame-retardant approaches for NFCs are reviewed, covering both flame retardancy and fire structural integrity. Finally, future prospects and perspectives on fire safety of NFCs are proposed, providing insights into further advancements of NFCs.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Wang, Siqi Huo, Guofeng Ye, Bingtao Wang, Zhenghong Guo, Qi Zhang, Pingan Song, Hao Wang, Zhitian Liu
Summary: The demand for multifunctional, transparent epoxy resin with superior dielectric, mechanical, and fire-safety performances is increasing in modern industries. Researchers have developed an epoxidized, phosphaphenanthrene-containing poly(styrene butadiene styrene) (ESD) for advanced fire-safe epoxy resin, which maintains high transparency and improves UV-blocking property. The addition of 10 wt% ESD results in improved mechanical properties, decreased dielectric constant and loss, and outperformance compared to other fire-safe epoxy resins. This research provides an effective method for developing multifunctional flame-retardant epoxy resin.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Bo Pang, Heping Zheng, Zuquan Jin, Dongshuai Hou, Yunsheng Zhang, Xiaoyun Song, Yanan Sun, Zhiyong Liu, Wei She, Lin Yang, Mengyuan Li
Summary: This study develops an internal superhydrophobic material (ISM) using waste denitrification fly ash, which maintains stable hydrophobicity under harsh conditions of use and does not rely on expensive fluor-based surface modifications. The synthesized ISM has excellent matrix strength, strong waterproof properties, and retains superhydrophobicity even at damaged or friction interfaces.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Meirbek Mussatayev, Qiuji Yi, Mark Fitzgerald, Vincent K. Maes, Paul Wilcox, Robert Hughes
Summary: Real-time monitoring of carbon fibre composites during Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) manufacturing remains a challenge for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. This study designed a directional eddy-current (EC) probe to evaluate the detectability of out-of-plane wrinkles. Experimental evaluations and finite element modeling were conducted to better understand the relationship between eddy-current density and defect detection. The findings suggest that the probe configuration with an asymmetric driver coil and differential pickup coils shows the best capability for wrinkle detection.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2024)
