Article
Food Science & Technology
Rossella Dodi, Giuseppe Di Pede, Cecilia Scarpa, Valeria Deon, Margherita Dall'Asta, Francesca Scazzina
Summary: The rate of starch digestion in the human intestine determines the glycemic response and glycemic index (GI) of foods. In vitro measurement of starch digestibility can reflect the GI. This study evaluated the differences in starch digestibility among different types of pasta, couscous, and bread to understand the impact of pasta-making processes. Statistical differences in rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and resistant starch (RS) were found among the products. The results confirmed that pasta-making processes increase the content of SDS, which contributes to a lower glycemic response in vivo.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Congli Cui, Mingju Li, Na Ji, Yang Qin, Rui Shi, Yuanyuan Qiao, Liu Xiong, Lei Dai, Qingjie Sun
Summary: This study aimed to enhance the content of slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) by designing a novel core-shell structured microcapsule. The results showed that the microcapsules obtained by coating calcium alginate/curdlan/corn starch beads with different concentrations of sodium alginate had increased content of SDS and RS. Therefore, they have the potential to be used as functional foods for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity patients.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan Li, Xuexia Fu, Siyu Mu, Teng Fei, Yakun Zhao, Jingchao Fu, Byung-Hoo Lee, Yanli Ma, Jian Zhao, Jumin Hou, Xiaolei Li, Zhiyao Li
Summary: A novel starch-acting enzyme StGtfB was used to modify starch, reducing its viscosity and increasing the branching degree, making it more digestible. The modified starch with low viscoelasticity and slow digestion has the potential to lower and stabilize postprandial blood glucose levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yanli Wang, Xiao Zhou, Xuesong Xiang, Ming Miao
Summary: Slowly digestible starch (SDS) can generate a slow and prolonged release of glucose throughout the entire small intestine, according to in vitro Englyst assay. This meta-analysis evaluated the association between SDS consumption and the reduction in postprandial glycemic response. The results showed a positive correlation between SDS intake and extended glycemic index (EGI) and glycemic profile (GP) levels.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yi Zheng, Huanxin Zhang, Ruomin Li, Xiaoling Zhu, Mengwei Zhu
Summary: In this study, pea starch was modified using maltogenic alpha-amylase, resulting in changes in its physicochemical properties, chain length distribution, and in vitro digestibility. The modified starch showed a decrease in molecular weight, an increase in short chains, a decrease in long chains, and a decrease in viscosity, leading to slower digestion. Maltogenic alpha-amylase selectively hydrolyzed alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6-glycosides. Modifying pea starch with maltogenic alpha-amylase generated starch products with new branching structures that promote slow digestion.
Article
Cell Biology
Chandra Bhan Yadav, Prakash Gangashetty, Manfred Beckmann, Luis A. J. Mur, Rattan S. Yadav
Summary: This study assessed the genotype x environment interactions in pearl millet and identified multiple factors affecting health-benefiting metabolites. Using various stability parameters, stable and high-performing genotypes were identified. These findings demonstrate the potential importance of genotype x environment assessments in developing pearl millet varieties and hybrids rich in health-benefiting metabolites.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jia-cheng Zeng, Pin-Jian Xiao, Li-Juan Ling, Li Zhang, Dao-Bang Tang, Qing-Feng Zhang, Ji-Guang Chen, Jing-En Li, Zhong-Ping Yin
Summary: Heating-cooling treatment (HCT) was used to prepare slow digestible gorgon nut starch (GN-SDS), which showed improved digestion characteristics with lower postprandial blood glucose. SEM images indicated significant changes in particle morphology and internal structure after the treatment.
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Odd Erik Johansen, Delphine Curti, Maximilian von Eynatten, Andreas Rytz, Anirban Lahiry, Frederik Delodder, Gerhard Ufheil, Carmine D'Urzo, Audrey Orengo, Kate Thorne, Jaclyn S. Lerea-Antes
Summary: This study aimed to assess the digestive tolerance and safety of a novel slowly digestible carbohydrate (SDC), oligomalt, in healthy adults. The results showed a dose-dependent effect of high-dose oligomalt compared to maltodextrin on gastrointestinal symptom rating score (GSRS), although the clinical relevance was limited. In conclusion, oligomalt has good safety and tolerance in healthy, normal weight young adults.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jingwei Hu, Xiaoping Li, Zhiyuan Cheng, Xin Fan, Zhen Ma, Xinzhong Hu, Guiling Wu, Yanan Xing
Summary: The study investigated the effects of gaseous ozone treatment on Tartary buckwheat starch, revealing that appropriate treatment time enhanced the starch's order structure while over treatment led to degradation. Additionally, ozone-treated starch showed higher gelatinization enthalpy and better viscoelasticity.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Catherine R. Beamish, Tanzy M. Love, Matthew D. Rand
Summary: This study investigated the developmental toxicity of different metals using the Drosophila model, revealing that MeHg is the most potent metal due to its higher body burden. Additionally, eclosion failure caused by MeHg could unexpectedly be rescued by HgCl2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lei Zhang, Jianmin Li, Shizhong Yue, Hao He, Jianyong Ouyang
Summary: A blend of starch and a biocompatible conducting polymer was reported as a stretchable strain sensor for real-time monitoring of starch-based food processing. The resistance of the blend reflects changes in food volume, aiding in optimizing processing conditions and controlling food quality.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Li
Summary: The present study used a consecutive reaction kinetics model to fit the in vitro digestion curves for different starch fractions, and correlated the fitting parameters with starch molecular structures to understand the factors affecting the binding and catalytic rate constants. The results showed that the binding and catalytic rates were controlled by different starch structural features for different starch digestible fractions. These findings have important implications for understanding the nature of starch digestible fractions and developing foods with slow starch digestibility, such as rice.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xianfeng Ye, Wei Liu, Shiyun Ma, Xiaopei Chen, Yan Qiao, Yuqiang Zhao, Qiwen Fan, Xu Li, Chaonan Dong, Xiaodong Fang, Minghui Huan, Jian Han, Yan Huang, Zhongli Cui, Zhoukun Li
Summary: The study identified the efficient glucan branching enzyme McGBE from Microvirga sp. MC18 for the preparation of modified starch with higher SDS content, which has the potential to reduce the prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The results showed that McGBE treatment increased the content of alpha-1,6 linkages and proportion of shorter chains in potato starch, as well as inhibited the retrogradation of starch, leading to an increased SDS content in the modified starch.
PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pooja Ramakrishnan, Aradhana Joshi, Muntimadugu Tulasi, Pankaj Yadav
Summary: The study reveals that different wavelengths of white light modulate various stages of Drosophila development in different ways. Larval behaviors, such as feeding rate and phototaxis, are affected by exposure to different monochromatic lights. Green light accelerates most developmental processes, while other light regimes have varying effects. Interestingly, pre-adult survivorship remains unchanged across all light regimes, but light exposure impacts sex determination.
PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Pablo Cesar Torres-Aguilar, Anna Marie Rose Hayes, Ximena Yepez, Mario Martinez Martinez, Bruce Rankin Hamaker
Summary: Extrusion cooking of pearl millet can form amylose-lipid complexes and potentially slow starch digestion. Extrusion transforms stable type II complexes into type I complexes and produces ALCs containing mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Extruded flours exhibit a moderated release of reducing sugars, especially for wholegrain flour, but this effect is lost when the extruded samples are cooked.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Maria M. Bayliak, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: AKG, an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, plays diverse roles in cellular metabolism and regulation, with potential anti-aging effects demonstrated in experimental models. Its geroprotective actions may involve epigenetic regulation, antioxidant properties, and mimicking caloric restriction and hormesis. AKG's influence on mitochondrial respiration and induction of ROS production could lead to beneficial biological effects according to hormesis hypothesis, despite discrepancies in different models and limitations as a geroprotective drug.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Oksana M. Sorochynska, Oksana V. Kuzniak, Maria M. Bayliak, Yulia V. Vasylyk, Kenneth B. Storey, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: The study compared the metabolic capabilities of skeletal hind limb muscles of one month old mice under restricted feeding (EODF) and ad libitum feeding (AL). Results showed lower concentrations of metabolic substrates in the muscles of EODF mice compared to AL mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Uliana Semaniuk, Olha Strilbytska, Karina Malinovska, Kenneth B. Storey, Alexander Vaiserman, Volodymyr Lushchak, Oleh Lushchak
Summary: This study focuses on the expression profiles of DILP2, DILP3, and DILP5 produced by insulin-producing cells in the brain of Drosophila. The data suggest that the transcript levels of DILPs are influenced by various conditions such as nutrition, environment, and gene manipulation.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nadiia Mosiichuk, Viktor Husak, Kenneth B. Storey, Volodymyr Lushchak
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of goldfish exposure to the triazole fungicide Topas on plasma and liver biochemical parameters and blood hematological profile. The results showed that Topas exposure induced metabolic disruptions in goldfish, which could potentially be used to assess the toxic effects of pesticides on aquatic species.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Volodymyr Lushchak, Oleh Lushchak
Summary: In living organisms, most oxygen is reduced to water through four-electron reduction, but a small percentage is reduced through one-electron mechanisms to produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. These species interact with various components of living organisms, leading to diverse effects on biological systems.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Review
Toxicology
Sigurd Lenzen, Volodymyr I. Lushchak, Fritz Scholz
Summary: The toxicity of H2O2 is limited, but it can distribute its toxic effect throughout the cell due to its stability and long half-life. The highly toxic HO• radical is generated from H2O2 and its action is locally restricted. H2O2 acts as a spreader of the HO• radical, and they depend on each other to execute their toxic effects.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Maria M. Bayliak, Oksana M. Sorochynska, Oksana V. Kuzniak, Ivanna Z. Drohomyretska, Andriy Ya. Klonovskyi, Anastasia O. Hrushchenko, Myroslava V. Vatashchuk, Nadia M. Mosiichuk, Kenneth B. Storey, Olga Garaschuk, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: This study evaluated blood homeostasis in mice of different ages and diet regimes. The findings suggest that aging and sex can affect blood parameters, but every-other-day fasting may partially prevent these age-related changes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maria M. Bayliak, Oleh Demianchuk, Dmytro Gospodaryov, Vitalii A. Balatskyi, Volodymyr Lushchak
Summary: This study investigated the effects of essential amino acid l-arginine and ethanol on the physiological and biochemical parameters of fruit flies. The results showed that excessive l-arginine intake led to various changes in physiology and biochemistry, while ethanol intake increased resistance to starvation but decreased resistance to sodium nitroprusside. The combination of l-arginine and ethanol had interactive effects.
DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Myroslava V. Vatashchuk, Maria M. Bayliak, Viktoria V. Hurza, Kenneth B. Storey, Volodymyr Lushchak
Summary: Overweight and obesity are closely related to metabolic syndrome, and different animal models like fruit flies and small mammals can be used to study the underlying mechanisms. These models share similarities with humans in basic metabolic functions and molecular mechanisms regulating metabolic processes.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria M. Bayliak, Myroslava V. Vatashchuk, Dmytro Gospodaryov, ViktoriaV Hurza, Oleh I. Demianchuk, Marian Ivanochko, Nadia I. Burdyliuk, Kenneth B. Storey, Oleh Lushchak, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high fat high fructose diet (HFFD) on mouse liver and found that it activated fructolysis and glycolysis, induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, supplementation with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) had weak modulating effects on HFFD-induced oxidative stress and changes in energetics in mouse liver.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Maria M. Bayliak, Dmytro Gospodaryov, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: Recent studies have shown that AKG can prolong lifespan and delay age-related decline in a dose-dependent manner in several model organisms. AKG mimics a state of caloric restriction and induces hormesis, which may be possible mechanisms underlying its lifespan-extending effects. AKG can mimic caloric restriction and stimulate mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, and moderate increase in ROS levels can induce defensive mechanisms resulting in biologically beneficial effects.
CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Olha M. Strilbyska, Sviatoslav A. Tsiumpala, Ivanna I. Kozachyshyn, Tetiana Strutynska, Nadia Burdyliuk, Volodymyr I. Lushchak, Oleh Lushchak
Summary: The effects of pesticides on non-target organisms in agricultural areas are crucial for their safe use. Roundup, a widely used herbicide, has been found to have adverse effects on animals and humans, including endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and behavioral disorders. These effects may be caused by the herbicide's impact on the bioenergetic functions of mitochondria, potentially leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species.
Article
Oncology
Nataliia Petriv, Lavinia Neubert, Myroslava Vatashchuk, Kai Timrott, Huizhen Suo, Inga Hochnadel, Rene Huber, Christina Petzold, Anastasiia Hrushchenko, Andriy S. Yatsenko, Halyna R. Shcherbata, Heiner Wedemeyer, Ralf Lichtinghagen, Halina Falfushynska, Volodymyr Lushchak, Michael P. Manns, Heike Bantel, Halyna Semchyshyn, Tetyana Yevsa
Summary: The study focuses on the role of alpha-dicarbonyl compounds in metabolic disorders and liver disease progression, particularly in the context of NAFLD and HCC. The findings suggest a significant interplay between liver inflammation, carbonyl stress mediated by alpha-dC, and upregulated RAGE expression on immune cells as key factors in disease progression.Alpha-dC and RAGE(+)CD8(+)Tand RAGE(+)NK cells are identified as potential biomarkers and candidates for local therapeutic intervention in NAFLD and malignant liver disease.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Myroslava V. Vatashchuk, Maria M. Bayliak, Viktoria V. Hurza, Kenneth B. Storey, Volodymyr I. Lushchak
Summary: Research has shown that fruit flies and small mammalian models share similarities with humans in basic metabolic functions and molecular mechanisms regulating metabolic processes. Various methods, including diet-induced and genetically induced animal models, have been developed to study the pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of MetS.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Biology
Volodymyr Lushchak, Kenneth B. Storey
Summary: Reactive oxygen species were discovered in living organisms in the early 1950s and the concept of oxidative stress formulated in 1985 by H. Sies has stimulated substantial interest in research on the involvement of oxidative stress. The selective expression of specific genes and reversible oxidation of cysteine residues of sensor proteins play important roles in the adaptive response to oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sang Hyuck Lee, Mi Ae Kim, Young Chang Sohn
Summary: This study characterized the CCAP signaling system in Pacific abalone and revealed its relationship with the calcium/PKC and cAMP/PKA signal transduction pathways. It provides new insights into the evolutionary origins of the NPS and OT/VP signaling systems in protostomes.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanna Scheuffele, Erica V. Todd, John A. Donald, Timothy D. Clark
Summary: Global warming is causing an increase in extreme weather events, affecting ecosystems and the behavior of ectotherms. More research is needed to understand the impact of diurnal thermal variability and improve climate change predictions.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaakko Haverinen, Ahmed Badr, Markus Eskelinen, Matti Vornanen
Summary: The acclimatization of certain ectothermic vertebrates to winter conditions involves reduced energy consumption, achieved through decreased movement activity, depression of cellular functions, or switching to anaerobic energy production. This study on crucian carp showed that winter-acclimatized fish exhibited lower metabolic rates and a shift to anaerobic energy production during anoxia. Winter dormancy in crucian carp is achieved through active reduction of energy consumption, a slowed metabolic rate, and a direct response to oxygen absence.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Cruz Sueiro, Cynthia A. Awruch, Gustavo M. Somoza, Walter S. Svagelj, Maria G. Palacios
Summary: According to life-history theory, there might be different immunological strategies between reproductive and non-reproductive periods due to limited resources. Our study on two sympatric marine fish species, rockfish and sandperch, found that reproductive individuals showed lower immune function, but higher levels of natural antibodies in rockfish females, compared to their non-reproductive counterparts. On the other hand, reproductively active sandperch males showed lower levels of natural antibodies and higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and spleen index compared to non-reproductive males. The study highlights the species-specific patterns of immunity and the potential influence of resource limitation and abiotic factors on immune trade-offs in fish.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James B. Cummins, Dane A. Crossley II
Summary: This study focuses on cardiovascular development in altricial bird species, which has been less studied compared to precocial species. The researchers investigated the cholinergic and adrenergic receptor mediated control of arterial blood pressure and heart rate in the neotropic cormorant. The findings suggest that both cholinergic and adrenergic tone play a role in cardiovascular regulation in embryonic birds.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ru Xia, Hong-Kang Liu, Xi-Feng Liu, Xin Deng, Chuan-Jie Qin, Yuan-Fa He, Shi-Mei Lin, Yong-Jun Chen
Summary: This study cloned the genes encoding glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit in largemouth bass, revealing their distribution and transcriptional regulation. The results showed that the functions of G6pc and Gck in LMB were highly conserved in evolution, and the interconversion of glucose and G6P in the liver was well regulated at the transcript level under high starch diet, but a futile cycle was induced after a glucose load.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)