Article
Rheumatology
Zachary S. Wallace, Gandarvaka Miles, Ekaterina Smolkina, Natalia Petruski-Ivleva, Duane Madziva, Claire Cook, Xiaoqing Fu, Yuqing Zhang, John H. Stone, Hyon K. Choi
Summary: This study describes the epidemiology of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) in the USA, finding that the incidence and prevalence of IgG4-RD are increasing, and patients with IgG4-RD have a higher risk of death.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jeffry S. Tang, Alissa Cait, Reuben M. White, Homayon J. Arabshahi, David O'Sullivan, Olivier Gasser
Summary: Fortification with folic acid is widely mandated for preventing neural tube defects, but excessive intake of folic acid may lead to adverse health effects. This study hypothesizes that the inconsistent detection and elusive etiology of these effects are related to the in vivo generation of an immunosuppressive folic acid metabolite. The researchers predict that substituting folic acid with a bioequivalent folate vitamer can eliminate these adverse health outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kang Chen, Lai Yee Cheong, Yuan Gao, Yaming Zhang, Tianshi Feng, Qin Wang, Leigang Jin, Eric Honore, Karen S. L. Lam, Weiping Wang, Xiaoyan Hui, Aimin Xu
Summary: This study demonstrates that targeted delivery of thyroid hormone to adipose tissue with liposomes is a safe and efficient strategy for treating obesity and its related complications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kari A. Leibowitz, Lauren C. Howe, Alia J. Crum
Summary: Describing certain minor side effects as a sign the treatment is working can reduce patient anxiety and perception of threat, while also improving treatment experience and outcomes. A study on patients receiving oral immunotherapy for food allergies showed that this approach decreased the frequency of patients contacting providers with concerns about side effects and led to greater increases in a biomarker of allergic tolerance.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mahdi AAlikhani, Masoumeh Khalili, Mehrdad Jahanshahi
Summary: Studies have shown that iron accumulation in the brain leads to neurogenic disorders. Natural iron chelators such as ferulic acid and caffeic acid have been found to effectively decrease iron content in the brain and serum of iron-overloaded mice. These compounds show potential as natural remedies for brain iron overload therapy.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carmen M. Claro-Cala, Francesc Jimenez-Altayo, Sebastian Zagmutt, Rosalia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
Summary: Dietary components, specifically olive oil triterpenes, have potential protective effects against obesity and related metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. This review focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms and targets of these triterpenic compounds in improving glucose and insulin homeostasis, lipid metabolism, adiposity, and cardiovascular dysfunction in obesity. The study highlights the potential of olive oil as a dietary component for long-term management of obesity and metabolic syndrome in humans.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mingxing Wang, Chenxi Zhang, Zhihao Zhang, Xiaoyan Xu, Yichao He, Yuqing Hu, Yan Wang, Yang Liu, Mingyu Xia, Maosheng Cheng
Summary: A series of benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory effects on H+, K+-ATPase, the most critical enzyme in gastric acid secretion. Among them, compounds A12 and A18 showed significant inhibition at the enzyme level. In vivo studies demonstrated that A12 and A18 effectively inhibited basal gastric acid secretion as well as stimulated gastric acid secretion. They also exhibited excellent stability and low toxicity in in vitro metabolic experiments. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that A18 may be a novel and effective potassium-competitive acid blocker, providing strong support for its use in acid-related diseases treatment.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mehdi Mejdoubi, Mehdi Djennaoui, Xavier Kyndt
Summary: This study assessed the impact of weather index on in-hospital COVID-19-linked deaths in continental French counties. It found that weather indicators and population density were factors independently associated with COVID-19 death toll, with colder counties having significantly higher mortality rates. The study also concluded that percentages of males and population >59 years old in counties did not affect COVID-19 in-hospital mortality.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marietjie Venter
Summary: Collaboration and openness are crucial in reducing the risks of future pandemics, according to the World Health Organization's scientific advisory group, SAGO.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Brandy-Joe Milliron, Lora Packel, Dan Dychtwald, Cynthia Klobodu, Laura Pontiggia, Ochi Ogbogu, Byron Barksdale, Jonathan Deutsch
Summary: This study explored the experiences of cancer patients and their family caregivers with nutrition-related cancer treatment side effects. Findings revealed that most patients experienced treatment side effects and these side effects impacted their eating and drinking. Several qualitative themes were identified, including the spiral of side effects, pain of eating, and solutions.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xuanxuan Niu, Lin Zhu, Yifan Xu, Menghan Zhang, Yanxu Hao, Lei Ma, Yan Li, Huichun Xing
Summary: This review investigated the global prevalence of alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) and found that it is 4.8%. The prevalence is higher in males and Caucasians. Alcoholic liver cirrhosis is the most common type of ARLD, and ascites is the most common complication. The incidence rate of ARLD is 0.208/1000 person-years, and the overall mortality rate is 23.9%, with liver-related mortality at 21.6%. Urgent measures are needed to reduce the factors contributing to the high disease prevalence.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yu-Chi Tsai, Ming-Lung Yu, Chou-Yuan Ko, Yi-Hsiang Hsin, Qi-Zhang Tsai, Chien-Wei Huang
Summary: This study analysed the effectiveness and side effects of direct-acting antiviral agents for treating hepatitis C in Taiwanese prisoners. The results showed that these therapeutics were effective and well-tolerated by the patient population.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luigi Bellocchio, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Felice Lorusso, Giuseppina Malcangi, Luigi Santacroce, Antonio Scarano, Ioana Roxana Bordea, Denisa Hazballa, Maria Teresa D'Oria, Ciro Gargiulo Isacco, Ludovica Nucci, Rosario Serpico, Gianluca Martino Tartaglia, Delia Giovanniello, Maria Contaldo, Marco Farronato, Gianna Dipalma, Francesco Inchingolo
Summary: This paper summarizes the components of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system, as well as the effects of cannabis on oral health, including the oropharyngeal tissue receptor expression and the potential association with oral diseases. The article highlights the potential harms that cannabis could cause to oral health and emphasizes the need for further research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacek Skarbinski, Liyan Liu, Vennis Hong, Laura B. Amsden, Bruce H. Fireman, Vincent M. Yau, Devin Incerti, Lei Qian, Heidi Fischer, Bradley K. Ackerson, Sally F. Shaw, Sara Y. Tartof
Summary: This retrospective cohort study assessed the association between tocilizumab administration and clinical outcomes among mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The results showed that, compared with patients not treated with tocilizumab, patients treated with tocilizumab had a similar risk of death within the 28-day follow-up period, but had a significantly longer time-to-extubation and time-to-hospital-discharge.
Article
Oncology
Yongkai Lu, Xiaoqin Luo, Di Yang, Yi Li, Tuotuo Gong, Binglin Li, Jian Cheng, Ruijuan Chen, Xin Guo, Wei Yuan
Summary: Oral probiotics can help reduce the side effects caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, especially for oral mucositis in head and neck tumor patients and diarrhea in patients with pelvic and abdominal tumors. However, more randomized, double-blind, multicentric trials with a larger sample size are needed.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mikkel Hojlund, Henrik Stovring, Kjeld Andersen, Christoph U. Correll, Jesper Hallas
Summary: The study investigated the association between low-dose off-label quetiapine and changes in metabolic parameters. The results showed that low-dose quetiapine was associated with increased triglycerides and decreased high-density lipoprotein in all subjects, as well as increased HbA1c, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein among those with normal baseline values.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mikkel Hojlund, Larus S. Gudmundsson, Jacob H. Andersen, Leena K. Saastamoinen, Helga Zoega, Svetlana O. Skurtveit, Jonas W. Wastesson, Jesper Hallas, Anton Pottegard
Summary: The use of benzodiazepines and related drugs has decreased in the Nordic countries from 2004 to 2020, with significant differences between countries. Despite warnings, benzodiazepines are still commonly used in the older population.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Neurosciences
Mikkel Hojlund, Kjeld Andersen, Martin T. Ernst, Christoph U. Correll, Jesper Hallas
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Lokkegaard Johansen, Mikael Thinggaard, Jesper Hallas, Merete Osler, Kaare Christensen
Summary: A study found that the preference for hormone therapy (HT) changed after the publication of the Women's Health Initiative in 2002. It was discovered that women using HT had a lower mortality rate before 2002, but after 2002 their mortality rate became similar to that of the general population. This indicates that the healthiest users decided to either discontinue HT or switch to local HT based on the changing recommendations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kjeld Andersen, Bent Nielsen, Morten Hesse, Anna Mejldal, Randi Bilberg, Anette Sogaard Nielsen
Summary: This study aimed to validate four self-administered screening instruments (PHQ-9, GAD-7, Kessler-6, and SRQ) and determine the optimal cut-off value for identifying depression and anxiety among patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD). The results showed that Kessler-6 performed the best among the instruments, with a cut-off value of 10 points identifying 82% of patients with depression or anxiety.
NORDIC JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Per Damkier, Brian Cleary, Jesper Hallas, Jesper H. H. Schmidt, Louise Ladebo, Peter B. B. Jensen, Lars Christian Lund
Summary: This study compared the occurrence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss after immunization with BNT162b2 (Comirnaty; Pfizer BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Spikevax; Moderna) vaccines to unvaccinated individuals. The results showed that there was no association between these vaccines and the occurrence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, but there was a slightly increased risk of receiving moderate to high-dose prednisolone treatment after visiting an ear-nose-throat specialist.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Jens K. Pedersen, Lei Wang, Nickolaj Risbo, Alma B. Pedersen, Kjeld Andersen, Torkell Ellingsen
Summary: This study investigated the association between depression and mortality in patients with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The results showed that depression was associated with a higher risk of death in RA patients, especially in those younger than 55 years old. Furthermore, the study found that the mortality risk in depressed patients with RA was similar to that in comparators without RA.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kristina Laugesen, Jonas Mengel-From, Kaare Christensen, Jorn Olsen, David M. Hougaard, Lasse Boding, Anja Olsen, Christian Erikstrup, Merete Lund Hetland, Estrid Hogdall, Alisa Kjaergaard, Erik Sorensen, Anja Brugmann, Eva Rabing Brix Petersen, Ivan Brandslund, Borge Nordestgaard, Gorm B. Jensen, Nils Skajaa, Frederikke Schonfeldt Troelsen, Cecilia Hvitfeldt Fuglsang, Lise Skovgaard Svingel, Henrik T. Sorensen
Summary: Denmark has a rich source of biobanks and a comprehensive healthcare system, which allows for the integration of biological specimens with clinical and demographic data for biobank research. This can contribute to a better understanding of disease etiology and personalized medicine.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rikke Hjortebjerg, Dorthe Almind Pedersen, Jonas Mengel-From, Louise Helskov Jorgensen, Kaare Christensen, Jan Frystyk
Summary: This study measured the concentration of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in elderly same-sex twins and found that PAPP-A levels increase with age. Additionally, the study revealed a significant genetic component in determining the levels of PAPP-A and stanniocalcin-2 (STC2).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Iachina, M. Wod, O. S. Garvik, B. Schiottz-Christensen
Summary: This study investigates the risk of long-term opioid use in surgically treated back pain patients compared to those who did not have surgery. The findings indicate that for patients using opioids before their first hospital contact, surgical treatment lowers the risk of becoming long-term opioid users. However, for patients who did not use opioids before the first visit, surgical treatment does not affect the risk of becoming long-term opioid users.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Soren Bie Bogh, Soren Fryd Birkeland, Sebrina Maj-Britt Hansen, Olga Alexandrovna Tchijevitch, Jesper Hallas, Lars Morso
Summary: Analyzing patient complaints can help identify potential areas for improvement in hospitals, including quality, safety, institutional, and environmental issues. Disproportionality analysis of complaints is a valuable tool for systematically monitoring patient concerns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lisa de las Fuentes, Karen L. M. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching-Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolcic, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman, Maris Alver, Mathilde Boissel, Kaare Christensen, Barry I. Freedman, Chuan Gao, Franco Giulianini, Sarah E. Harris, Meian He, Fang-Chi Hsu, Brigitte Kuehnel, Federica Laguzzi, Xiaoyin Li, Leo-Pekka Lyytikainen, Ilja M. Nolte, Alaitz Poveda, Rainer Rauramaa, Muhammad Riaz, Antonietta Robino, Tamar Sofer, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Bamidele O. Tayo, Peter J. van der Most, Niek Verweij, Erin B. Ware, Stefan Weiss, Wanqing Wen, Lisa R. Yanek, Yiqiang Zhan, Najaf Amin, Dan E. Arking, Christie Ballantyne, Eric Boerwinkle, Jennifer A. Brody, Ulrich Broeckel, Archie Campbell, Mickael Canouil, Xiaoran Chai, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Xu Chen, Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala, Maria Pina Concas, Ulf de Faire, Renee de Mutsert, H. Janaka de Silva, Paul S. de Vries, Ahn Do, Jessica D. Faul, Virginia Fisher, James S. Floyd, Terrence Forrester, Yechiel Friedlander, Giorgia Girotto, C. Charles Gu, Goeran Hallmans, Sami Heikkinen, Chew-Kiat Heng, Georg Homuth, Steven Hunt, M. Arfan Ikram, David R. Jacobs, Maryam Kavousi, Chiea Chuen Khor, Tuomas O. Kilpelainen, Woon-Puay Koh, Pirjo Komulainen, Carl D. Langefeld, Jingjing Liang, Kiang Liu, Jianjun Liu, Kurt Lohman, Reedik Magi, Ani W. Manichaikul, Colin A. McKenzie, Thomas Meitinger, Yuri Milaneschi, Matthias Nauck, Christopher P. Nelson, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Nicholette D. Palmer, Alexandre C. Pereira, Thomas Perls, Annette Peters, Ozren Polasek, Olli T. Raitakari, Kenneth Rice, Treva K. Rice, Stephen S. Rich, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Pamela J. Schreiner, Xiao-Ou Shu, Stephen Sidney, Mario Sims, Jennifer A. Smith, John M. Starr, Konstantin Strauch, E. Shyong Tai, Kent D. Taylor, Michael Y. Tsai, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Diana van Heemst, Melanie Waldenberger, Ya-Xing Wang, Wen-Bin Wei, Gregory Wilson, Deng Xuan, Jie Yao, Caizheng Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Wei Zhao, Diane M. Becker, Amelie Bonnefond, Donald W. Bowden, Richard S. Cooper, Ian J. Deary, Jasmin Divers, Tonu Esko, Paul W. Franks, Philippe Froguel, Christian Gieger, Jost B. Jonas, Norihiro Kato, Timo A. Lakka, Karin Leander, Terho Lehtimaki, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Kari E. North, Ioanna Ntalla, Brenda Penninx, Nilesh J. Samani, Harold Snieder, Beatrice Spedicati, Pim van der Harst, Henry Voelzke, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, David R. Weir, Mary K. Wojczynski, Tangchun Wu, Wei Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Claude Bouchard, Daniel Chasman, Michele Evans, Ervin R. Fox, Vilmundur Gudnason, Caroline Hayward, Bernardo L. Horta, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Jose Eduardo Krieger, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Patricia A. Peyser, Michael M. Province, Bruce M. Psaty, Igor Rudan, Xueling Sim, Blair H. Smith, Rob M. van Dam, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Tien Yin Wong, Donna K. Arnett, Dabeeru C. Rao, James Gauderman, Ching-Ti Liu, Alanna C. Morrison, Jerome I. Rotter, Myriam Fornage
Summary: This study conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis to investigate the interaction between educational attainment and lipid levels. They identified novel lipid loci that were not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects. The study also highlighted the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in lipid metabolism and identified gene targets that interact with drugs approved by the FDA.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Konstantin G. Arbeev, Svetlana Ukraintseva, Olivia Bagley, Hongzhe Duan, Deqing Wu, Igor Akushevich, Eric Stallard, Alexander Kulminski, Kaare Christensen, Mary F. Feitosa, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Daniel Parker, Heather Whitson, Anatoliy I. Yashin
Summary: Dysregulation of physiological processes may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease, and genes associated with an increase in physiological dysregulation may play a major role in AD onset.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Susan E. Luczak, Christopher R. Beam, Shandell Pahlen, Morgan Lynch, Matthew Pilgrim, Chandra A. Reynolds, Matthew S. Panizzon, Vibeke S. Catts, Kaare Christensen, Deborah Finkel, Carol E. Franz, William S. Kremen, Teresa Lee, Matt McGue, Marianne Nygaard, Brenda L. Plassman, Keith E. Whitfield, Nancy L. Pedersen, Margaret Gatz
Summary: Research shows that memory can be inherited, and older adults generally have worse memory performance than younger adults. It is still unknown whether the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to verbal episodic memory ability differ at later ages. Analysis of twin data from 12 studies in the IGEMS consortium revealed an increase in inter-individual variance with age, but the specific contributions of genetic and environmental factors could not be determined. Overall, environmental factors, particularly word list learning, have a comparatively significant impact on verbal episodic memory compared to other cognitive domains.